Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Environment, Disaster, And Race After Katrina, Manuel Pastor, Robert Bullard, James Boyce, Alice Fothergill, Rachel Morello-Frosch, Beverly Wright

Robert D Bullard

No abstract provided.

Promoting Investments In Intangible Organizational Assets Through Aligned Incentive Compensation Plans, Susan Hughes, Craig Caldwell, Kathy Paulson Gjerde

Craig B. Caldwell

Economic Interactions: Behavior Or Structure, Shyam Sunder

Shyam Sunder

No abstract provided.

Book Review: An Economic Approach For Water Management And Conflict Resolution In The Middle East And Beyond, Edward Barbier

Edward B Barbier

No abstract provided.

Lobbying Bureaucrats, Sven Feldmann, Morten Bennedsen

Sven Feldmann

We study how interest group lobbying of the bureaucracy affects policy outcomes and how it changes the legislature's willingness to delegate decision-making authority to the bureaucracy. We extend the standard model of delegation to account for interest group influence during the implementation stage of policy. We analyze how the decision to delegate changes when the bureaucratic agent is subject to external influence. The optimal degree of delegation as well as the extent to which interest groups influence policy outcomes differ depending on whether the system of government is characterized by unified or divided control. The result is a comparative theory …

“Natural Capital, Resource Dependency And Poverty: Implications For India.” Economic Development And Environmental Sustainability: A Dialogue On India., Edward Barbier

Edward B Barbier

No abstract provided.

Offshoring And Unemployment, Devashish Mitra, Priya Ranjan

Priya Ranjan

In this paper, in order to study the impact of offshoring on sectoral and economywide rates of unemployment, we construct a two sector general equilibrium model in which labor is mobile across the two sectors, and unemployment is caused by search frictions. We find that, contrary to general perception, wage increases and sectoral unemployment decreases due to offshoring. This result can be understood to arise from the productivity enhancing (cost reducing) effect of offshoring. If the search cost is identical in the two sectors, or even if the search cost is higher in the sector which experiences offshoring, the economywide …

Vertical Integration In Unregulated Industries With Essential Facilities, Felipe Balmaceda Assoc Prof., Eduardo Savedra Prof

Felipe Balmaceda

In this paper, we consider a market that is operated by a non-integrated monopoly upstream that owns an important essential facility and an duopolistic market downstream that is facing entry in the monopolistic upstream market. We show that: (i) for small fixed costs of building a new facility the unique equilibrium entails vertical integration for all firms and duplication of essential facilities; (ii) for an intermediate range, the unique equilibrium entails full vertical integration and a shared-facility; and (iii) for large fixed costs, the unique equilibrium entails vertical integration by the incumbent, no integration by the entrant and a shared-facility. …

Don’T Forget The Lawyers: Legal Human Capital And The Role Of Lawyers In Supporting The Rule Of Law, Gillian K. Hadfield

Gillian K Hadfield

No abstract provided.

Intergenerational Mobility And Interracial Inequality: The Return To Family Values, Patrick Leon Mason

Patrick L. Mason

This paper investigates two questions. First, what is the relative importance of the components of childhood family environment – parental values versus parental class status – for young adult economic outcomes? Second, are interracial differences in labor market outcomes fully explained by differences in family environment? We find that both family values and family class status affect intergenerational mobility and interracial inequality. Consideration of racial differences in parental values and class status alters but does not eliminate the impact of race on the labor market outcomes of young adults.

Valuing Conflicting Public Information About A New Technology: The Case Of Irradiated Foods, M C. Rousu, J F. Shogren

Jason Shogren

Scientists and advocates can disagree on the value of new products or technologies, such as growth hormones, genetically modified organisms, and food irradiation. Both sides of the debate disseminate information to the public hoping to influence public opinion. This study assesses the economic value of both pro and anti public information using food irradiation as a case study. The value of information sources is estimated in isolation and in combination. In isolation, the results indicate each set of information has value. In combination, only the anti-irradiation information is found to have net positive value (persuading some consumers to purchase non-irradiated …

Chief Justice Mm Ismail Of Nagore: A Great Indian, The Pride Of Tamil Nadu And A Perfect Muslim, Vikas Kumar

Vikas Kumar

No abstract provided.

Reducing The Global Burden Of Tuberculosis: The Contribution Of Improved Diagnostics, Emmett Keeler, Mark Perkins, Peter Small, Christy Hanson, Steven Reed, Jane Cunningham, Julia Aledort, Lee Hillborne, Maria Rafael, Federico Girosi, Christopher Dye

Emmett Keeler

Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of disease and death, with ~2 billion people infected and ~2 million deaths annually. Sputum smear microscopy (SSM) has remained the cornerstone of TB diagnosis for more than a century and is a pillar of the global strategy to control the disease, although it has significant limitations. As the epidemic continues, more attention is being paid to the impact that improving existing diagnostic methods and introducing new procedures might have in resource-limited settings. We estimated the potential global impact of better diagnostic tests, to provide guidance for health-care workers, test developers, funding agencies and …

Economic Well-Being At Older Ages: Income- And Consumption-Based Poverty Measures In The Hrs, Michael Hurd, Susann Rohwedder

Susann Rohwedder

According to economic theory, well-being or utility depends on consumption. However, at the household level, total consumption is rarely measured because its collection requires a great deal of survey time. As a result income has been widely used to assess economic well-being and poverty rates. Yet, because households can use wealth to consume more than income, an income-based measure of well-being could yield misleading results for many households, especially at older ages. We use data from the Health and Retirement Study to find income-based poverty rates which we compare with poverty rates as measured in the Current Population Survey. We …

Szerzõdési Szabadság És Paternalizmus: Adalékok A Szerzõdési Jog Közgazdasági Elemzéséhez [Freedom Of Contract And Paternalism: A Contribution To The Economics Of Contract Law] , Peter Cserne

Péter Cserne

No abstract provided.

Horizontal Political Externalities: The Supply And Demand Of Disaster Management, Ben Depoorter

Ben Depoorter

This Article discusses the dynamics of shared political accountability and provides a supply- and demand-side analysis of disaster management. Because multiple levels of government share political accountability in national scale disasters, disaster management is subject to a collective action problem. Introducing the concept of horizontal political externalities, this Article explains the shortcomings of disaster management in terms of asymmetric political accountability costs for ex ante preparedness and ex post relief. In the presence of shared accountability, investments in prevention and relief by one government actor confer positive externalities upon other government actors by reducing the overall chance of being held …

A Mathematical Regression Of The U.S. Gross Private Domestic Investment 1959-2001, Byron E. Bell

Byron E. Bell

No abstract provided.

A Mathematical Regression Of The U.S. Gross Private Domestic Investment 1959-2001, Byron E. Bell

Byron E. Bell

SUMMARY OF PROJECT What did I do? A study of the role the U.S. stock markets and money markets have possibly played in the Gross Private Domestic Investment (GPDI) of the United States from the year 1959 to the year 2001 and I created a Multiple Linear Regression Model (MLRM).

The Accident Externality From Driving, Aaron S. Edlin, Pinar Karaca Mandic

Aaron Edlin

The Welfare Effects Of Pfiesteria-Related Fish Kills: A Contingent Behavior Analysis Of Seafood Consumers, George R. Parsons, Ash O. Morgan, John C. Whitehead, Tim C. Haab

George Parsons

Externality Effects Of Residential Property Values: The Example Of Noise Disamenities, David Clark

David E. Clark

Studies conducted by the Federal Railroad Administration in the 1990s reveal that train whistle bans lead to higher accident rates at train crossings. However, advocates of these bans argue that they eliminate noise externalities that have a detrimental effect on residential home values. To assess this latter claim, an event study is conducted and hedonic models are estimated for three different areas in which Conrail unilaterally began ignoring local whistle bans. While the findings consistently show that proximity to rail lines has a negative and statistically important influence on home values, there is little evidence that the Conrail decision had …

Net Impact And Benefit-Cost Estimates Of The Workforce Development System In Washington State, Kevin Hollenbeck, Wei-Jang Huang

Kevin Hollenbeck

No abstract provided.

The Economics Of Teacher Quality, Darius Lakdawalla

Darius N. Lakdawalla

Concern is often voiced about the quality of American schoolteachers. This paper suggests that, while the relative quality of teachers is declining, this decline may be the result of technological changes that have raised the price of skilled workers outside teaching without affecting the productivity of skilled teachers. Growth in the price of skilled workers can cause schools to lower the relative quality of teachers and raise teacher quantity instead. Evidence from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth demonstrates that wage and schooling are good measures of teacher quality. Analysis of U.S. census microdata then reveals that the relative schooling …

Should Good Patents Come In Small Packages? A Welfare Analysis Of Intellectual Property Bundling, Richard J. Gilbert, Michael L. Katz

Richard Gilbert

Intellectual property owners often hold the rights to several patents, each of which is essential to make or use a product. We compare the welfare properties of package licenses, under which a licensee pays the same fee regardless of the number of technologies licensed, with component licenses, under which each technology is licensed separately and there is no quantity discount. A central finding is that a long-term package license can induce incentives to invent around patents and invest in complementary assets that are closer to their socially optimal levels than are those induced by a long-term component license. We also …

Demand And Supply Curves: Rotations Versus Shifts, Philip E. Graves, Robert L. Sexton

Robert L Sexton

There is no abstract for this brief contribution.

Judging Science: An Essay On The Unscientific Basis Of Beliefs About The Impact Of Law On Science And The Need For Better Data About Law, Gillian K. Hadfield

Gillian K Hadfield

No abstract provided.

How Does Health Insurance Affect Workers’ Compensation Filing?, Darius Noshir Lakdawalla, Robert T. Reville, Seth A. Seabury

Darius N. Lakdawalla

About half of injured workers choose not to file workers’ compensation claims. This is thought to result from the utilization of health insurance instead of workers’ compensation. However, the data suggest that insured workers are actually less likely to file than their more vulnerable uninsured counterparts. We find that this relationship emerges as the result of employer characteristics, and in particular, whether or not employers offer health insurance to employees; this is much more important than the insurance status of workers themselves. The workplace environment may have a significant, or even a dominant, impact on filing behavior.

Demand And Supply Curves: Rotations Versus Shifts, Philip E. Graves, Robert L. Sexton

Robert L Sexton

There is no abstract for this brief contribution.

Demand And Supply Curves: Rotations Versus Shifts, Philip E. Graves, Robert L. Sexton

PHILIP E GRAVES

There is no abstract for this brief contribution.

The Nonprofit Sector And Industry Performance, Darius Noshir Lakdawalla, Tomas Philipson

Darius N. Lakdawalla

Given the importance of nonprofit industries in the economy, little analysis has been conducted as to whether the behavior of such industries differs from that of for profit industries. Extending previous firm-level analyses, we propose a neoclassical theory with an endogenous nonprofit sector. Our analysis implies that nonprofit firms have a competitive advantage over for-profit firms, so that marginal changes in the industry operate through the for-profit sector. As such, marginal industry behavior is identical to that of a for-profit industry, and nonprofit regulations may have a limited impact or even no impact on overall industry performance. Our theory has …