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- Nigeria (12)
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- Credit (2)
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- Monetary control (2)
- Naira Exchange Rate (2)
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Articles 1 - 30 of 30
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Why Fiscal Policies Matter In African Countries, M. O. Ojo, T. O. Okunrounmu
Why Fiscal Policies Matter In African Countries, M. O. Ojo, T. O. Okunrounmu
Economic and Financial Review
The paper discusses the critical role of fiscal policy in developing African economies. While it is accepted that fiscal management is one of the important functions of a modern state, the nature of the fiscal management in a specific environment determines, to a large extent, the overall effect of such intervention. The Nigerian experience indicates a very narrow revenue base that could not withstand the weight of public expenditure and investment.
A Review Of Small-Scale Enterprises Credit Delivery Strategies In Nigeria, E. E. Inang, G. E. Ukpong
A Review Of Small-Scale Enterprises Credit Delivery Strategies In Nigeria, E. E. Inang, G. E. Ukpong
Economic and Financial Review
The paper reviews the crucial role of Small-Scale Enterprises [SSEs] in facilitating industrial development, some special advantages of existing credit schemes to small-scale enterprises, the peculiar handicaps which SSEs face, the most crucial being poor access to development finance, and highlights areas and ways in which credit guarantee and insurance schemes for SSEs could substantially contribute to their development and growth in Nigeria. Notable among the credit schemes and institutions reviewed are the Small-Scale Industries Credit Scheme (SSICS) introduced in 1971; the Nigerian Bank for Commerce and Industry (NBC!) established in 1978; the Nigerian Industrial Development Bank (NIDB); the Central …
Developments In The Insurance Industry In Nigeria In 1990, Central Bank Of Nigeria Cbn
Developments In The Insurance Industry In Nigeria In 1990, Central Bank Of Nigeria Cbn
Economic and Financial Review
While the number of insurance companies operating in the Nigerian economy increased in 1990, both income and expenditure of the companies rose during the same period. The report revealed that the growth rate of income in the industry exceeded the expenditure rate, as the income to expenditure ratio rose from 1.59 to 1.81 between 1989 and 1990.
The Role Of Central Banks In Capital Market Development: The Nigerian Experience., Alhaji A. Ahmed
The Role Of Central Banks In Capital Market Development: The Nigerian Experience., Alhaji A. Ahmed
Bullion
Central banks, especially in Third World countries, play a major role in the growth and development process. Although the structures, functions and powers of central bank vary from country to country, depending on the economic, political, social and other environmental realities prevailing in society, the primary role of any central bank is the promotion of monetary stability and a sound financial system. In performing this role, a central bank necessarily undertakes some functions which include the issue of legal tender currency, maintenance of the value of the national currency, enhancement of funds mobilization, facilitation of competitive efficiency among banks and …
International Financial Operations In Nigeria’S Export Processing Zones (Epzs), A. P. Awoseyila
International Financial Operations In Nigeria’S Export Processing Zones (Epzs), A. P. Awoseyila
Bullion
Since the inception of SAP, the Federal Government has introduced many far reaching economic and financial measures aimed at promoting non-oil exports. Such measures include the promulgation of the incentives and Miscellaneous Provisions Decree, No. 18 of 11th July, 1986, the establishment of the Nigerian Export Import Bank (NEXIM) to provide different funds and financial assistance to exporters, the introduction of the Nigeria Economic Reconstruction Fund (NERFUND), the setting up of Small and Medium Scale Enterprises Fund (SMEs Fund) and the deregulation of the Foreign Exchange Market (FEM) which has resulted in significant depreciation of the naira exchange rate. The …
The Role Of Regulatory Bodies In Capital Market Development: The Nigerian Experience., George Akamiokhor
The Role Of Regulatory Bodies In Capital Market Development: The Nigerian Experience., George Akamiokhor
Bullion
This paper examined the need for capital market regulation which is motivated by the desire to protect the investing public from malpractices, instil confidence in the system and ensure financial market and economic stability which are pivotal to economic growth and development. History has shown that inadequate or absence of regulation is detrimental to the capital market as it encourages sharp practices by participants. Regulatory agencies are therefore necessary to police activities in the market with the aim of preventing or minimizing abuses which might mar investors’ confidence, the market's integrity and stability. As financial markets get liberalized, market participants …
Access To Credit: The Case For Rural Women., E. B. I. Oladunni
Access To Credit: The Case For Rural Women., E. B. I. Oladunni
Bullion
The alleviation of poverty has generally been the cornerstone of economic policy in Nigeria. Past policies have been pursued with the sole objective of improving the living standards of the people through enhanced income and generation of employment opportunities. Despite all machineries put in place, most of the women folk have not benefited because of some endemic socio-cultural problems affecting the women. This paper highlights the need for credit, conditions for attracting credit especially for rural women and the policies that can provide the right atmosphere for access to credit by rural women for sustainable development.
The Demand For Monetary Function In Nigeria: An Empirical Investigation, F. O. Oresotu, Charles N.O. Mordi
The Demand For Monetary Function In Nigeria: An Empirical Investigation, F. O. Oresotu, Charles N.O. Mordi
Economic and Financial Review
This paper provides _further empirical evidence ,in the nature ,if the demand for money function in Nigeria for the period 1960-1991. 'The paper also addressed the issue of the appropriate adjustment process, structural stability of the estimated equation, as well as the influence of external factors on money demand function in an open economy, such as Nigeria.
Central Bank Of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin, December 1992, Central Bank Of Nigeria
Central Bank Of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin, December 1992, Central Bank Of Nigeria
CBN Statistical Bulletin
This volume data on various aspects of Nigeria's economy, including debt and banking sub-sector, central banking, financial markets, non-bank financial institutions, system clearinghouse activities, merchant and commercial banking, and public finance statistics for the year 1999. The data on financial institutions is based on the consolidation of commercial and merchant banks' first and second schedule statutory returns, computation of liquidity ratio, cash reserve ratio, loan/deposit ratio, proportion of loans to rural borrowers and small-scale enterprises, aggregate and sectoral distribution of credits, and the structure of licensed banks loans and advances. The data on financial markets is based on the consolidation …
The Challenges Of The New Banking Legislations, Oduyemi O. S.
The Challenges Of The New Banking Legislations, Oduyemi O. S.
Bullion
This paper examines Nigeria's new banking legislations. The new banking laws together with deposit insurance system, established in 1988, and the new regulations embodies in the prudential guidelines and the accounting standards for banks, both introduced in 1990, constitute and essential foundation for managing and promoting a dynamic and sound financial sector. The new regulatory environment places emphasis on the need for institutions to strengthen and build up capital, improve the quality of assets and maintain high lending and investment standards. The paper is in three parts. Part I reviews some of the major trends in the financial industry with …
Regulatory Framework Of Non-Bank Financial Institutions In Nigeria., Ojo M. O.
Regulatory Framework Of Non-Bank Financial Institutions In Nigeria., Ojo M. O.
Bullion
This article examines the regulatory framework of non-banking institutions (NBFIs) in Nigeria. Those institutions often referred to as non-banks have been identified. However, it is noted that in this paper non-bank financial institution are those defined as other financial institutions by the Banks and Other Financial Institutions Decree (BOFID). The objective of this paper is to present an overview of the regulation of the non-bank financial institutions over the years. Part One of this paper identified the relevant institutions termed non-bank financial institutions. Part Two, the new regulatory framework is reviewed. This is followed in Part Three by an appraisal …
Foreign Exchange Market In Nigeria, Ntekop T. J.
Foreign Exchange Market In Nigeria, Ntekop T. J.
Bullion
The paper carried out an appraisal, reviewed the benefits and problems and highlighted the prospects of foreign exchange market(FEM). The foreign exchange market(FEM) became institutionalized in Nigeria following protracted economic declines. The 1970's were generally regarded as an era of oil boom in Nigeria, when oil revenue enhanced economic development. The economy became heavily dependent on crude petroleum exports as the main source of foreign exchange earnings and government revenue. In a continuous effort to revamp the economy, the government introduced the Structural Adjustment Programme (SAP) in 1986 as a short-term measure to last till 1988. The core component of …
Banking Supervision And Inspection, Agene C. E.
Banking Supervision And Inspection, Agene C. E.
Bullion
The paper examines banking supervision and regulation. It is organized into two parts: part one, introduction, discusses the overview of banking supervision and regulation and part two looks at the internal audit function, internal control measures and procedures for internal control. The concluding part examines the opportunities of financial conglomerates created in the Nigerian scene as well as the problem of proper risk management for the supervisory authorities.
Current Monetary And Banking Policies In Nigeria And The Prospects In The Third Republic, V. A. Odozi
Current Monetary And Banking Policies In Nigeria And The Prospects In The Third Republic, V. A. Odozi
Economic and Financial Review
This paper received and appraised the conduct of monetary and banking policies in Nigeria in the recent past, and charts prognosis of future monetary policy directions, come the Third Republic. As a background information, the paper reviews the conceptual, analytical and institutional framework for the conduct of monetary and banking policies in general, noting the widespread consensus that efficient management of money stock and the related price variables are vital instruments for inducing investment and growth of any economy. An overview of recent monetary and banking policies in Nigeria acknowledged the innovative initiatives taken so far to reform the financial …
1992 First Half Year Report On Industrial Core Projects, E. I. K. Sule, C. M. Anyanwu
1992 First Half Year Report On Industrial Core Projects, E. I. K. Sule, C. M. Anyanwu
Economic and Financial Review
The Industrial Core Projects are the basic capital intensity industries deliberately established by the Federal Government to provide material inputs for downstream industries. They include steel plants, refineries and petrochemical plants, paper mills, fertilizer, marble, sugar and cement companies. During the first half of 1992, the performance of most of the Industrial Core Projects was generally unsatisfactory with the exception of petroleum-based plants. Most of them operated low capacities due largely to inadequate funding. Other constraining factors were high cost of production due in part to poor infrastructural facilities and in part to a depreciated currency and stiff competition from …
Foreign Private Investment In Nigeria In 1990, Central Bank Of Nigeria Cbn
Foreign Private Investment In Nigeria In 1990, Central Bank Of Nigeria Cbn
Economic and Financial Review
Foreign Private investment in Nigeria continued to get government attention, as more areas of the economy are opened up to foreign investors. Also, various incentives to attract such investments into the country, continued to be put in place. As in many developing countries, the availability of such funds enhances position of balance of payments. flowerer, the desired contribution from the foreign private int1eStment segment to the external sector is yet to be fully achieved.
The Demand For Money Function In Nigeria: An Empirical Investigation, F.O. Oresotu, C.N.O. Mordi
The Demand For Money Function In Nigeria: An Empirical Investigation, F.O. Oresotu, C.N.O. Mordi
CBN Occasional Papers
This paper provides further empirical evidence on the nature of the demand for money function in Nigeria for the period 1960-1991. The paper also addressed the issue of the appropriate adjustment process, structural stability of the estimated equations, as well as the influence of external factors on money demand function in an open economy, such as Nigeria. The main conclusions which emerged from the analysis are that, the real adjustment mechanism appeared to be the most appropriate adjustment process for modelling money demand in Nigeria; the influence of external variables like the foreign interest rate and exchange rate should not …
The Role Of Discount Houses In Monetary Policy Implementation., B. A. Oke
The Role Of Discount Houses In Monetary Policy Implementation., B. A. Oke
Bullion
Discount houses are financial institutions which shift funds between the central bank on one hand and licensed banks on the other hand, through the provision of discounting and re-discounting of eligible short-term securities such as treasury bills and certificates and commercial bills. The purpose of this paper therefore is to highlight the role of discount houses in monetary policy implementation. Part I discusses the assets structure a d functions of discount houses. Part II discusses the role of discount houses in monetary policy implementation. Part II highlights the relationship between a central bank and discount houses while Part IV focuses …
The Need For Discount Houses In Nigeria., O S. Oduyemi
The Need For Discount Houses In Nigeria., O S. Oduyemi
Bullion
Given the rapid expansion of Nigerian economy and the growth in government activities, discount houses in Nigeria will not only have busy schedules but will also be lucrative. The paper discusses the antecedents for the establishment of discount houses in Nigeria as well as their functions. To facilitate the presentation, the paper is divided into three parts. Part I highlights the role of discount houses and their functions. Part II discuss the rationale for establishing discount houses in Nigeria. The paper ends in part III which contains a discussion on prospects of discount houses in Nigeria as well as a …
The Role Of Banks In Successful Implementation Of The Premier Export Processing Zone In Nigeria., C M. Anyanwu
The Role Of Banks In Successful Implementation Of The Premier Export Processing Zone In Nigeria., C M. Anyanwu
Bullion
The establishment and promotion of Export Processing Zones (EPZs) has been identified as a potential scheme for boosting manufactured exports. A decree (No. 34 Nigerian Export Processing Zones Decree 1991) formally establishing export processing zones in Nigeria was promulgated by the Federal Government on August 9, 1991. Consequently, an area beside the port of Calabar has been chosen as the site of Nigeria’s premier EPZ and the foundation stone was laid by the President in November,1991. This paper, therefore, examines the expected roles of the banks with a view of alerting them to the challenges ahead.
Developments In The Banking And Finance Industry: Institutional Framework 1970 - Date Changes In Ownership Structure., J O. Sanusi
Developments In The Banking And Finance Industry: Institutional Framework 1970 - Date Changes In Ownership Structure., J O. Sanusi
Bullion
This paper provides a historical review of the ownership structure of Nigerian banks from the beginning of banking activities in the country in 1894 to the present. It shows that the ownership structure has both influenced changes in the institutional and legal framework and has also been influenced by them. The paper also analysed some of the implications of the changing structure of ownership and offered some recommendations.
Nigerian Exchange Rate Administration Under The Structural Adjustment Programme., E A. Owolabi
Nigerian Exchange Rate Administration Under The Structural Adjustment Programme., E A. Owolabi
Bullion
This paper has been concerned with describing the administration of the naira exchange rate primarily under the on-going Structural Adjustment Programme (SAP). The aim of this paper is to briefly review the administration of Nigeria's exchange rate policy since inception of the market- determined exchange rate system. The discussion is organized in four main parts. Part I, exchange rate administration before the introduction of Structural Adjustment Programme (SAP) in July 1986 is briefly reviewed to provide the necessary background for adopting the market-determined system under SAP. Part II is devoted to the analysis of the structure of the foreign exchange …
Central Bank Of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin, June 1992, Central Bank Of Nigeria
Central Bank Of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin, June 1992, Central Bank Of Nigeria
CBN Statistical Bulletin
This volume data on various aspects of Nigeria's economy, including debt and banking sub-sector, central banking, financial markets, non-bank financial institutions, system clearinghouse activities, merchant and commercial banking, and public finance statistics for the year 1999. The data on financial institutions is based on the consolidation of commercial and merchant banks' first and second schedule statutory returns, computation of liquidity ratio, cash reserve ratio, loan/deposit ratio, proportion of loans to rural borrowers and small-scale enterprises, aggregate and sectoral distribution of credits, and the structure of licensed banks loans and advances. The data on financial markets is based on the consolidation …
Indirect Monetary Control In Nigeria: Problems And Prospects, A. Ahmed
Indirect Monetary Control In Nigeria: Problems And Prospects, A. Ahmed
Bullion
A speech delivered at the Annual Dinner of the Chartered Institute of Bankers of Nigeria by the Governor of Central Bank of Nigeria, Ahmed, A. on the proposal by the Federal Government to shift the technique of monetary credit management from the imposition of credit ceilings on banks to the use of market based instruments.
Indirect Monetary Control: What It Means And How Nigeria Is Moving Towards It., J. A. Olekah
Indirect Monetary Control: What It Means And How Nigeria Is Moving Towards It., J. A. Olekah
Bullion
This paper examines what indirect monetary control is, and how Nigeria is moving towards it. The first section of the paper explained indirect monetary control as the techniques of controlling money supply through manipulation of the monetary base which comprises of total bank reserves plus currency in the hands of the non-bank public.
Sustaining Private Sector - Public Sector Partnership For A Viable Nigerian Polity, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida Cfr
Sustaining Private Sector - Public Sector Partnership For A Viable Nigerian Polity, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida Cfr
Bullion
A welcome address by the Military Head of State, His Excellency General Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida at the Fifth Annual General Meeting of Nigeria Incorporated PIC.
A Review Of Monetary And Credit Policy Guidelines For 1992, S N. Ibeabuchi
A Review Of Monetary And Credit Policy Guidelines For 1992, S N. Ibeabuchi
Bullion
This paper reviews the current monetary policy measures adopted by the monetary authorities in 1992 in the light of prevailing circumstances. To this end, the paper is divided into three parts. Part one deals briefly with the objectives and instruments of Monetary Policy while Part two examines the background to current monetary measures in Nigeria. Part three reviews the current monetary and credit policy guidelines.
Exchange Rates Developments In Nigeria, R A. Olukole
Exchange Rates Developments In Nigeria, R A. Olukole
Bullion
This paper discusses the determinants and behaviour of exchange rates. It also examines the exchange rate policies in Nigeria from 1960 - 1991. The pricing methodology was examined with an overview of the Naira exchange rate movements from 1986 - 1991. The paper is divided into four parts. Part I highlights the determinants and behaviour of exchange rates. Part II discusses the exchange rate policies in Nigeria from 1986 - 1991. Part III focuses on the pricing methodology with an overview of the Naira exchange rate movements from 1986-1991. Part IV examines the Parallel market and the Bureau DE Change …
Monetary Policy In Nigeria In The 1980s And Prospects In The 1990s, M. O. Ojo
Monetary Policy In Nigeria In The 1980s And Prospects In The 1990s, M. O. Ojo
Economic and Financial Review
The main aim of the paper is to review the evolution and performance of monetary policy in Nigeria in the 1980s. Monetary policy objectives remained broadly the same throughout the review period· simulation of output and employment, promotion of stable prices and support of external equilibrium The direct monetary controlframeworkentailingtheprescripttonqfaggregatecreditceilings,selectivecreditcontrolsandregulatton of interest rates, was prominently used between 1980 and 1985, and although was generally retained from 1986, there was some degree of liberalizatton in line with the general philosophy of the Structural Adjustment Programme. Monetary policy faced increasing difficulties due in large part to the Inadequacy of the control framework …
Management Of External Debt: Nigeria's Experience, Central Bank Of Nigeria Cbn
Management Of External Debt: Nigeria's Experience, Central Bank Of Nigeria Cbn
Economic and Financial Review
This paper traces the genesis of Nigeria's external debt from the period prior to the introduction of the Structural Adjustment Programme (SAP) to the current period. 'The factors which combine to bring the external debt to the current level comprise borrowings from the multilateral and bilateral Institutions, the accumulation of trade arrears, default in the repayment of loans, capitalization of unpaid interest, and depreciation of the U.S. dollar against other major international currencies In which the loans were contracted. Measures taken to limit the growth of Nigeria's external debt include embargo on new loans, directives to State Governments to minimize …