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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
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Articles 1 - 16 of 16
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Immigrants And The U.S. Wage Distribution, Vasil I. Yasenov
Immigrants And The U.S. Wage Distribution, Vasil I. Yasenov
Upjohn Institute Working Papers
A large body of literature estimates the relative wage impacts of immigration on low- and high-skill natives, but it is unclear how these effects map onto changes of the wage distribution. I document the movement of foreign-born workers in the U.S. wage distribution, showing that, since 1980, they have become increasingly overrepresented in the bottom. Downgrading of education and experience obtained abroad partially drives this pattern. I then undertake two empirical approaches to deepen our understanding of the way foreign-born workers shape the wage structure. First, I estimate a standard theoretical model featuring constant elasticity of substitution technology and skill …
Does The Healthcare Educational Market Respond To Short-Run Local Demand?, Marcus O. Dillender, Andrew Friedson, Cong Gian, Kosali Simon
Does The Healthcare Educational Market Respond To Short-Run Local Demand?, Marcus O. Dillender, Andrew Friedson, Cong Gian, Kosali Simon
Upjohn Institute Policy and Research Briefs
No abstract provided.
Computerization Of White Collar Jobs, Marcus O. Dillender, Eliza C. Forsythe
Computerization Of White Collar Jobs, Marcus O. Dillender, Eliza C. Forsythe
Upjohn Institute Working Papers
We investigate the impact of computerization of white-collar jobs on wages and employment. Using online job postings from 2007 and 2010-2016 for office and administrative support (OAS) jobs, we show that when firms adopt new software at the job-title level they increase the skills required of job applicants. Furthermore, firms change the task content of such jobs, broadening them to include tasks associated with higher-skill office functions. We aggregate these patterns to the local labor-market level, instrumenting for technology adoption with national measures. We find that a 1 standard deviation increase in OAS technology usages reduces employment in OAS occupations …
Does The Healthcare Educational Market Respond To Short-Run Local Demand?, Marcus O. Dillender, Andrew Friedson, Cong Gian, Kosali Simon
Does The Healthcare Educational Market Respond To Short-Run Local Demand?, Marcus O. Dillender, Andrew Friedson, Cong Gian, Kosali Simon
Upjohn Institute Working Papers
The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) increased demand for healthcare across the U.S., but it is unclear if or how the supply side has responded to meet this demand. In this paper, we take advantage of plausibly exogenous geographical heterogeneity in the ACA in order to examine the response of the healthcare education sector to increased demand for healthcare services. We look across educational fields, types of degrees, and types of institutions; we pay particular attention to settings where our conceptual model predicts heightened responses. We find no statistically significant evidence of increases in graduates and can rule …
Medical Innovation And The Employment Of Cancer Patients, R. Vincent Pohl
Medical Innovation And The Employment Of Cancer Patients, R. Vincent Pohl
Employment Research Newsletter
No abstract provided.
Medical Innovation And The Employment Of Cancer Patients, R. Vincent Pohl
Medical Innovation And The Employment Of Cancer Patients, R. Vincent Pohl
Upjohn Institute Policy and Research Briefs
No abstract provided.
Longer-Run Effects Of Antipoverty Policies On Disadvantaged Neighborhoods, David Neumark, Brian J. Asquith, Brittany Bass
Longer-Run Effects Of Antipoverty Policies On Disadvantaged Neighborhoods, David Neumark, Brian J. Asquith, Brittany Bass
Upjohn Institute Working Papers
We estimate the longer-run effects of minimum wages, the Earned Income Tax Credit, and welfare on key economic indicators of economic self-sufficiency in disadvantaged neighborhoods. We find that the longer-run effects of the EITC are to increase employment and to reduce poverty and public assistance. We also find some evidence that higher welfare benefits had longer-run adverse effects, and quite robust evidence that tighter welfare time limits reduce poverty and public assistance in the longer run. The evidence on the long-run effects of the minimum wage on poverty and public assistance is not robust, with some evidence pointing to reductions …
Can Antipoverty Policies Change Neighborhood Outcomes In The Long Run?, Brian J. Asquith
Can Antipoverty Policies Change Neighborhood Outcomes In The Long Run?, Brian J. Asquith
Upjohn Institute Policy and Research Briefs
No abstract provided.
[Job] Locked And [Un]Loaded: The Effect Of The Affordable Care Act Dependency Mandate On Reenlistment In The U.S. Army, Michael S. Kofoed, Wyatt J. Frasier
[Job] Locked And [Un]Loaded: The Effect Of The Affordable Care Act Dependency Mandate On Reenlistment In The U.S. Army, Michael S. Kofoed, Wyatt J. Frasier
Upjohn Institute Policy and Research Briefs
No abstract provided.
[Job] Locked And [Un]Loaded: The Effect Of The Affordable Care Act Dependency Mandate On Reenlistment In The U.S. Army, Michael S. Kofoed, Wyatt J. Frasier
[Job] Locked And [Un]Loaded: The Effect Of The Affordable Care Act Dependency Mandate On Reenlistment In The U.S. Army, Michael S. Kofoed, Wyatt J. Frasier
Employment Research Newsletter
No abstract provided.
Climate Change And Occupational Health: Can We Adapt?, Marcus Dillender
Climate Change And Occupational Health: Can We Adapt?, Marcus Dillender
Upjohn Institute Policy and Research Briefs
No abstract provided.
Medical Innovation, Education, And Labor Market Outcomes Of Cancer Patients, Sung-Hee Jeon, R. Vincent Pohl
Medical Innovation, Education, And Labor Market Outcomes Of Cancer Patients, Sung-Hee Jeon, R. Vincent Pohl
Upjohn Institute Working Papers
Innovations in cancer treatment have lowered mortality, but little is known about their economic benefits. We assess the effect of two decades of improvements in cancer treatment options on the labor market outcomes of breast and prostate cancer patients. In addition, we compare this effect across cancer patients with different levels of educational attainment. We estimate the effect of medical innovation on cancer patients’ labor market outcomes employing tax return and cancer registry data from Canada and measuring medical innovation by using the number of approved drugs and a quality-adjusted patent index. While cancer patients are less likely to work …
[Job] Locked And [Un]Loaded: The Effect Of The Affordable Care Act Dependency Mandate On Reenlistment In The U.S. Army, Michael S. Kofoed, Wyatt J. Frasier
[Job] Locked And [Un]Loaded: The Effect Of The Affordable Care Act Dependency Mandate On Reenlistment In The U.S. Army, Michael S. Kofoed, Wyatt J. Frasier
Upjohn Institute Working Papers
One concern with employer-based health insurance is job lock or the inability for employees to leave their current employment for better opportunities for fear of losing benefits. We use the implementation of the Affordable Care Act’s dependency mandate as a natural experiment. Data from the United States Army overcome some limitations in previous studies including the ability to examine workers with fixed contract expiration dates, uniform pay, and health coverage. We find that the ACA decreased reenlistment rates by 3.13 percent for enlisted soldiers aged 23–25. We also find that younger veterans who leave the army are more likely to …
Payroll, Revenue, And Labor Demand Effects Of The Minimum Wage, Ekaterina (Roshchina) Jardim, Emma Van Inwegen
Payroll, Revenue, And Labor Demand Effects Of The Minimum Wage, Ekaterina (Roshchina) Jardim, Emma Van Inwegen
Upjohn Institute Working Papers
We study the impact of the minimum wage hike in Seattle from $9.47 to $13 on wagebill, labor demand, and firm revenue using administrative data from the state of Washington. We show that the minimum wage affected businesses both at the intensive and extensive margins. At the intensive margin, businesses increased their labor costs and adjusted to the minimum wage by mildly reducing demand for low-wage jobs, but they largely did not pass the increase in labor costs to prices. At the extensive margin, the minimum wage led to higher rates of business exit and shifted the composition of entering …
Climate Change And Occupational Health: Are There Limits To Our Ability To Adapt?, Marcus O. Dillender
Climate Change And Occupational Health: Are There Limits To Our Ability To Adapt?, Marcus O. Dillender
Upjohn Institute Working Papers
This study considers the relationship between temperature and occupational health. The results indicate that both high and low temperatures increase injury rates and that high temperatures have more severe adverse effects in warmer climates, which suggests that avoiding the adverse effects of high temperatures may be easier for workers when hot days are rarer. While research on the effect of temperature on mortality finds substantial capacity for adaption with current technology, the results presented here suggest that outdoor workers face challenges in adapting to high temperatures.
Labor Market Effects Of U.S. Sick Pay Mandates, Nicolas R. Ziebarth, Stefan Pichler
Labor Market Effects Of U.S. Sick Pay Mandates, Nicolas R. Ziebarth, Stefan Pichler
Employment Research Newsletter
No abstract provided.