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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Keynote Address On Financing Government Programmes In Economic Downturn -The Role Of Central Bank Of Nigeria? Delivered At The 2016 Central Bank Of Nigeria Executive Seminar, G.I. Emefiele Dec 2015

Keynote Address On Financing Government Programmes In Economic Downturn -The Role Of Central Bank Of Nigeria? Delivered At The 2016 Central Bank Of Nigeria Executive Seminar, G.I. Emefiele

Economic and Financial Review

This is a keynote address delivered by the Governor of Central Bank of Nigeria at the 2016 executive seminar with the theme "financing government programmes in economic downturn - the role of central bank of Nigeria


Special Remarks: Financing Government Programmes In Economic Downturn -The Role Of Central Bank Of Nigeria? Delivered At The 2016 Annual Executive Seminar, S.O. Alade Dec 2015

Special Remarks: Financing Government Programmes In Economic Downturn -The Role Of Central Bank Of Nigeria? Delivered At The 2016 Annual Executive Seminar, S.O. Alade

Economic and Financial Review

This is the special remarks delivered by the Deputy Governor (Economic Policy) during the 2016 executive seminar, "financing government programmes in economic downturn- the role of central bank of Nigeria.


Financing Government Programmes In Economic Downturn: Theoretical Issues And Perspectives, A. H. Ekpo Dec 2015

Financing Government Programmes In Economic Downturn: Theoretical Issues And Perspectives, A. H. Ekpo

Economic and Financial Review

The purpose of this paper is to articulate the theoretical issues and perspectives which underscore the need for caution in financing government programmes whether in the recurrent outlay or capital programmes as individual financing modes have built in costs and risks that could inhibit the realisation of government objectives.


Financing Government Deficit During Economic Downturn: Options For Consideration, O. Ajakaiye Dec 2015

Financing Government Deficit During Economic Downturn: Options For Consideration, O. Ajakaiye

Economic and Financial Review

The author examines the efficacy of the conventional approach to financing budget deficit during economic downturn in Nigeria. He also considers other (unconventional) options for financing budget deficits during economic downturn in Nigeria.


The Role Of Central Banks During Economic Downturn: Lessons And Options For Financing Government Programmes In Nigeria, C.N.O. Mordi Dec 2015

The Role Of Central Banks During Economic Downturn: Lessons And Options For Financing Government Programmes In Nigeria, C.N.O. Mordi

Economic and Financial Review

The author examine both the traditional and developmental roles central banks plays in financing government programmes/projects.


Financing Government Programmes In Economic Downturn: Policy Options, F.U. Jacobs Dec 2015

Financing Government Programmes In Economic Downturn: Policy Options, F.U. Jacobs

Economic and Financial Review

This author examines the various policy options for the manufacturing sector of the economy in an economic downturn.


Financng Government Programmes During Economic Downturn: Policy Options, E.M. Abolo Dec 2015

Financng Government Programmes During Economic Downturn: Policy Options, E.M. Abolo

Economic and Financial Review

The author discussed various policy options that can be adopted to finance government programmes during economic downturn. He explained in details the concept as it affects the economic growth and development.


Governments' Options For Financing The Sustainable Development Goals (Sdgs) In A Period Of Economic Downturn, Robert C. Asogwa Dec 2015

Governments' Options For Financing The Sustainable Development Goals (Sdgs) In A Period Of Economic Downturn, Robert C. Asogwa

Economic and Financial Review

The paper reviews the strategies for strengthening the existing sources of traditional finance in Nigeria and also, introduces new sources of innovative finance that will be suitable for funding government development programmes, as well as, the SDGs Agenda 2030. Furthermore, the possible role of the central bank vis a-vis the government fiscal authorities in the management of some sophisticated financial instruments which is increasingly gaining momentum as part of innovative development finance is discussed.


Financing Government Programmes In Economic Downturn: A Comparative Analysis, T. Oshikoya Dec 2015

Financing Government Programmes In Economic Downturn: A Comparative Analysis, T. Oshikoya

Economic and Financial Review

This paper examines the experience of Nigeria and other oil exporting countries in adjusting to lower oil prices and financing government programmes during economic downturn.


Non-Oil Exports, Economic Growth And Macroeconomic Stability, T.A. Oyejide Dec 2015

Non-Oil Exports, Economic Growth And Macroeconomic Stability, T.A. Oyejide

Economic and Financial Review

The author discussed the role of non-oil exports in the structural transformation and sectoral diversification processes which are inherently associated with sustainable growth and development outcomes as well as the focus of the analysis shifts to an examination of the role of non-oil exports in promoting economic growth and development.


Financial Soundness Indicators: The Case Of Nigeria, Baba N. Yaaba, Idris Adamu Dec 2015

Financial Soundness Indicators: The Case Of Nigeria, Baba N. Yaaba, Idris Adamu

Bullion

This paper adopted the concept as designed by the Fund to examine the soundness of the Nigeria Banking Sector from 3007Q1 to 20014Q4. From the result of the financial Soundness Indicators (FSIs) complied for Nigeria, it is obvious that the indicators can serve as reliable and consistent tools, capable of detecting vulnerabilities in the system. The study, therefore, recommends that adequate attention be paid to the indicators by the Central Bank. The Bank is urged to strive to gain full understanding of the concept as well as design additional framework for using the indicators so as to enable her take …


Inclusive Growth And Poverty Reduction In Nigeria, Uche M. Ozughalu, Fidelis O. Ogwumike Dec 2015

Inclusive Growth And Poverty Reduction In Nigeria, Uche M. Ozughalu, Fidelis O. Ogwumike

Bullion

This study shows that Nigeria has not experienced inclusive growth over the years, using relevant national and global data. The country has experienced pervasive poverty, high rate of unemployment and high level of income/wealth inequality despite impressive economic growth rates over the years. The study also highlights the major factors that could be responsible for the non-inclusive growth in Nigeria; these factors include poor performance of the manufacturing sector, weak knowledge base, poor human capacity development and low level of global competitiveness. The study uses tabular presentations and verbal constructs in its analysis. The government and policy makers in Nigeria …


Mortgage Refinancing In Nigeria: Prospects And Challenges, Kama Ukpai, Phebian N. Bewaji, Adigun Mustapha, Olufemi Adetunji Edun, Olubukola Adegbe, Josiah Dassah Dec 2015

Mortgage Refinancing In Nigeria: Prospects And Challenges, Kama Ukpai, Phebian N. Bewaji, Adigun Mustapha, Olufemi Adetunji Edun, Olubukola Adegbe, Josiah Dassah

Bullion

The paper examines the mortgage (re)finance market in Nigeria with a view to identifying its prospects and challenges. The method adopted included a review of jurisdictional experiences on mortgage refinance and thereafter draw on some lessons of experience as the Nigeria case is considered as a country in transition. Further discussions centered on the challenges of financialization of mortgages, mortgage affordability, low awareness of mortgage refinancing, macroprudential risks and moral hazard that confronts mortgage refinance in the country. The paper, further, provides considerations with regard to value-reorientation, institutional, regulatory and legal infrastructures as prerequisites for successful mortgage refinance system.


Nigeria's Monetary Survey: 2001-2014, Phebian N. Bewaji, Chioma P. Nwosu Dec 2015

Nigeria's Monetary Survey: 2001-2014, Phebian N. Bewaji, Chioma P. Nwosu

Bullion

The paper showed that Nigeria's monetary survey is a useful tool in the analysis of monetary development and its linkages with key sectors of the economy. It conveys a useful insight on the evolution of the payment system and money holding behavior. Findings indicated that Nigeria's broad money aggregate was largely determined by external factor, pre-2007 global financial crisis, while domestic factors had significant implications for monetary management post-2007.


Shadow Banking Services And Its Implications For The Nigerian Economy, Jibrin Yakubu, Joseph Achua Dec 2015

Shadow Banking Services And Its Implications For The Nigerian Economy, Jibrin Yakubu, Joseph Achua

Bullion

This paper reviews some conceptual and theoretical issues as well as considers the implications of shadow banking services in the Nigerian economy. lt defines shadow 3banking services as 'a system of credit intermediation that involves entities and activities outside Central Bank of Nigeria's regulatory capture'. The paper noted that Nigeria is yet to make significant policy impact on shadow banking in spite of its inherent systemic risk and regulatory arbitrage concerns on the economy. ln addition, there is neither data collection nor information management frameworks to measure its size, performance and impact on the economy. The paper therefore, recommends the …


Crude Oil Price Volatility: Implications For External Reserves And Exchange Rate Management In Nigeria, Moses K. Tule Sep 2015

Crude Oil Price Volatility: Implications For External Reserves And Exchange Rate Management In Nigeria, Moses K. Tule

Bullion

Following recent development in the world oil market, emphasis will be placed on the falling crude oil price which has far reaching implications for economic management in Nigeria. Nigeria depends heavily on crude oil for its revenue and exchange earning, hence the degree of rise or fall in oil price over a period poses concern for the government of the country.


Exchange Rate Management: Evolution Of The Nigerian Foreign Exchange Market, Bismark J. Rewane Sep 2015

Exchange Rate Management: Evolution Of The Nigerian Foreign Exchange Market, Bismark J. Rewane

Bullion

To grasp the challenges facing the naira, an understanding of the framework of the exchange rate system is imperative. This article highlights key developments and presents an analysis of the current issues facing the Nigerian currency.


The Impact Of External Reserves' Position On Capital Flows: The Nigerian Experience, Lamido A. Yuguda Sep 2015

The Impact Of External Reserves' Position On Capital Flows: The Nigerian Experience, Lamido A. Yuguda

Bullion

A number of factors will determine whether capital will flow in and out of an Economy. The monetary Authority in every country have the sole right to maintain and manage the external reserves hereby maintaining confidence in the country monetary and exchange rate polices, provide confidence to international community on the country' ability to meet its external obligations and provide liquidity to government to meet its external obligations; and maintain foreign exchange liquidity. The main objectives of this paper is to access the impact of external reserves position in attracting capital flows.


The Role Of The Media In Communicating Developments In Foreign Exchange Management In Nigeria, Stanley Egbochukwu Sep 2015

The Role Of The Media In Communicating Developments In Foreign Exchange Management In Nigeria, Stanley Egbochukwu

Bullion

The branch of journalism that tracks, record, analyses and interprets the economic changes that took place in a society is Financial Journalism. it is said to be a subject of unprecedented circumstance because financial and business stories nowadays move at a digital driven speed. the interpretation and presentation of the up to day activities in the financial world comes with high level of research and cooperate understanding. the Nigeria economy is heavily dependent on import and this records can be presented to the public through the media.


Financial Inclusion And Growth Of The Banking System In Nigeria, Hogan E. Bassey, Fagge A. Inuwa, Ukeje H. Nkechinyere Sep 2015

Financial Inclusion And Growth Of The Banking System In Nigeria, Hogan E. Bassey, Fagge A. Inuwa, Ukeje H. Nkechinyere

Bullion

Financial inclusion suggests an innovative concept which helps to achieve sustainable development, by making available financial services to the unbanked and underbanked with the help of financial institutions. The concept of financial inclusion gained popularity from year 2000. Thus, it is a great weapon to overcomes financial backwardness. This paper attempts to assess the current status of financial inclusion by examining recent policies and developments toward achieving financial inclusion in Nigeria. Specifically, the framework aimed at enhancing financial inclusion in Nigeria while also supporting the growth and stability of the financial sector, including policies around microfinance, mobile payment, KYC, electronic …


Implication Of Closure Of Rdas And Wdas Segment Of The Foreign Exchange Market In Nigeria, Akin Dawodu Sep 2015

Implication Of Closure Of Rdas And Wdas Segment Of The Foreign Exchange Market In Nigeria, Akin Dawodu

Bullion

The Nigeria foreign exchange market has transitioned a great deal since the country gain independence. Nigeria had a pegged exchange control until the introduction of the structural adjustment program (SAP) in 1986. which brought about dual exchange rate system, the first and second tier foreign exchange market that later metamorphosed into the Foreign Exchange Market (FEM). Hence there continue to be policy reversals as a result of the volatility in the exchange rate.


An Empirical Analysis Of The Effect Of Monetary Policy On The Manufacturing Sector In Nigeria, M. Ali, H. Aliero, M. Abubakar Jun 2015

An Empirical Analysis Of The Effect Of Monetary Policy On The Manufacturing Sector In Nigeria, M. Ali, H. Aliero, M. Abubakar

Economic and Financial Review

This study examined the effect of monetary policy on the manufacturing sector in Nigeria from 1970 to 2012 using Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bound testing approach. Exchange rate was found as the only channel of monetary policy transmission with significantly negative effect on the manufacturing sector. This implies that manufacturing firms largely rely on foreign inputs for production and do not depend on the banking system for funding. The study, therefore, recommends indigenous technology and financial system development to reduce dependence on imported inputs and facilitate access to more funds.


Factors Explaining Exchange Rate Volatility In Nigeria: Theory And Empirical Evidence, H. E. Oaikhenan, O. S. Aigheyisi Jun 2015

Factors Explaining Exchange Rate Volatility In Nigeria: Theory And Empirical Evidence, H. E. Oaikhenan, O. S. Aigheyisi

Economic and Financial Review

The study empirically investigated the factors explaining the volatility of the bilateral exchange rate of the naira to the U.S. dollar, using data for 1970-2013 period. The EGARCH (1.1) modeling technique was used. The empirical evidence indicated that volatility of the naira exchange rate was characterised by clustering, strong leverage effect and moderate degree of persistence. It was found that increased net capital flows, greater integration of the Nigerian economy into the global market, deepening of the nation’s financial system, favourable crude oil prices, increase in the level of external reserves as well as economic growth were germane to dampening …


Sources And Impact Of Excess Liquidity On Monetary Policy In Nigeria, S. A. Ukeje, D. Amanze, L. Akinboyo, K. Ajayi Jun 2015

Sources And Impact Of Excess Liquidity On Monetary Policy In Nigeria, S. A. Ukeje, D. Amanze, L. Akinboyo, K. Ajayi

Economic and Financial Review

This paper examined the sources and effects of excess liquidity in the Nigerian banking system. The Deposit Money Banks (DMBs) in Nigeria do not hold voluntary reserve over and above the required reserve for precautionary reasons depending on their risk appetite. The practice over the years has been that DMBs constrained themselves by holding involuntary reserve which is a major concerns to the monetary authorities. The ideal situation is that banks should deploy excess reserves as loans to the public and invest in government securities, but on the contrary this is not done based on the profit maximisation tendencies of …


Effects Of Monetary Policy On The Banking System Stability In Nigeria, A. Bamidele, J. Musa, L. Bala-Keffi, O. Owolabi, S. Imam Jun 2015

Effects Of Monetary Policy On The Banking System Stability In Nigeria, A. Bamidele, J. Musa, L. Bala-Keffi, O. Owolabi, S. Imam

Economic and Financial Review

The paper examined the effect of monetary policy on banking system stability in Nigeria. The main objective was to evaluate how monetary policy affected the banking system stability during the global financial crisis in Nigeria. Static and dynamic error correction models were estimated using monthly data from January 2007 to June 2013 and the error correction model was found most efficient. The banking system stability index was computed using banking soundness index, banking vulnerability index and economic climate index. The results showed that increase in monetary policy rate, depreciation of nominal exchange rate and rising inflation rate negatively affected the …


Fiscal Decentralization, Economic Growth And Human Resource Development In Nigeria: Autoregressive Distributed Lag (Ardl) Approach, Elijah Udoh, Udoma Afangideh, Elias A. Udeaja Jun 2015

Fiscal Decentralization, Economic Growth And Human Resource Development In Nigeria: Autoregressive Distributed Lag (Ardl) Approach, Elijah Udoh, Udoma Afangideh, Elias A. Udeaja

CBN Journal of Applied Statistics (JAS)

There is a widespread belief that fiscal decentralization is an effective tool for increasing the efficiency of public expenditures. Decentralization is expected to boost accountability and transparency in the provision of public goods for the well-being of the society. However, countervailing views maintain that little or no impact has been created at the periphery in terms of improving the welfare of the people in Nigeria. The main objective of this paper was to investigate how the decentralized system of expenditure impacted on human resource development in Nigeria. Using ARDL/Bounds Testing approach and data for the period 1980 to 2012, the …


Investigating The Dynamics Of Bank Credit In Nigeria: The Role Of Bank Consolidation, Olorunsola E. Olowofeso, Abiodun S. Bada, Adeyemi A. Adeboye, Valli T. Adejo, Kufre J. Bassey, Kumafan S. Dzaan Jun 2015

Investigating The Dynamics Of Bank Credit In Nigeria: The Role Of Bank Consolidation, Olorunsola E. Olowofeso, Abiodun S. Bada, Adeyemi A. Adeboye, Valli T. Adejo, Kufre J. Bassey, Kumafan S. Dzaan

CBN Journal of Applied Statistics (JAS)

This paper examines the dynamics of deposit money banks (DMB) credit and the role of consolidation in credit growth in Nigeria using vector error correction model and Granger causality test. The empirical investigation involved DMBs that have maintained a unique name and some market characteristics before and after the 2004 banking sector consolidation. Using quarterly data from 1999Q1 – 2013Q2 of the selected DMBs, the results show a positive relationship between post-consolidation credit supply growth and the real gross domestic product. The results also show that despite the onesided positive causality from credit supply to economic growth, the total contribution …


Destination Sectors And Originating Economies Of Nigeria’S Private Foreign Assets And Liabilities In 2013, Ajibola I. Olufemi, Babatunde S. Omotosho Jun 2015

Destination Sectors And Originating Economies Of Nigeria’S Private Foreign Assets And Liabilities In 2013, Ajibola I. Olufemi, Babatunde S. Omotosho

CBN Journal of Applied Statistics (JAS)

The survey of foreign assets and liabilities of enterprises in Nigeria was conducted in 2014 to determine the 2013 stock of foreign assets/liabilities of Nigerian enterprises, as well as receiving sectors and origination/destination regions. The survey collected relevant information from 740 enterprises, and analysis of survey returns indicated that the total private foreign liabilities as at end-2013 was N12, 639.27 billion up by 5.08 per cent above its level in 2012. Of this total, 96.7 per cent was in the form of foreign direct investments, while foreign portfolio investments and other capital flows accounted for 0.4 and 2.9 per cent, …


Technical Notes On Balance Of Payments Compilation And Analysis: The Case Of Nigeria, Ubong S. Udoette Jun 2015

Technical Notes On Balance Of Payments Compilation And Analysis: The Case Of Nigeria, Ubong S. Udoette

CBN Journal of Applied Statistics (JAS)

This paper discusses some technical issues in Balance of Payment compilation and analysis. It summarized major components of the BOP statistics, the various account balances as well as the interrelationship between them and other macroeconomic aggregates. It goes further to discuss data related issues in the compilation of Nigeria’s BOP statistics with the aim of providing better insight to future/new compilers, policy and other economic analysts.


Estimating Bull And Bear Betas For The Nigerian Stock Market Using Logistic Smooth Threshold Model, Mohammed T. Tumala, Olaoluwa S. Yaya Jun 2015

Estimating Bull And Bear Betas For The Nigerian Stock Market Using Logistic Smooth Threshold Model, Mohammed T. Tumala, Olaoluwa S. Yaya

CBN Journal of Applied Statistics (JAS)

In this paper, we examine the Nigerian stock market sector returns and estimate the bull and bear betas using the Logistic Smooth Threshold Market (LSTM) model. The LSTM model specification follows from the linear Constant Risk Market (CRM) model. We estimate the LSTM model for the overall sampled daily time series from 2001 to 2012 using the conditional nonlinear least squares approach. We also estimate the model for each of the All share Index (ASI) sub-samples taking the time of financial crisis (February 2008) as the break point. The results show the significant correlations of stocks returns in each market …