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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Early Gaze Behaviours In Infants At High Familial Risk For Autism Spectrum Disorder: Association With Brain Development, Julia Teixeira Pinto Montenegro
Early Gaze Behaviours In Infants At High Familial Risk For Autism Spectrum Disorder: Association With Brain Development, Julia Teixeira Pinto Montenegro
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) show impairments in gaze-following and will seldom engage in joint attention (JA). The ability to initiate JA (IJA) can be more impaired than the ability to respond to JA (RJA). In a longitudinal study, 101 high-risk infants for ASD (62% males) completed MRI scans at 4 or 6 months of age. Subcortical volumes (thalamus, basal ganglia, hippocampus, amygdala) were extracted. Gaze and JA behaviours were assessed with standardized measures. The majority of infants were IJA non-responders (n=93, 92%), and over half were RJA non-responders (n=50, 52%). In the non-responder groups, models testing the …
Measuring Engagement Of The Executive Control Network From 3 Months Of Age, Michelle Tran
Measuring Engagement Of The Executive Control Network From 3 Months Of Age, Michelle Tran
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
The executive control network (ECN) is critical for higher cognition and executive function (EF). Despite its importance, no scientific consensus has been reached on how and when it begins to function. In the present study, we assessed the development of the ECN in awake infants less than a year old by employing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and naturalistic stimuli. First, we identified evocative movies that engaged infant attention. We then transferred them into adult imaging to test for which movie evoked the highest ECN response. Strong ECN responses were evoked while viewing Despicable Me, therefore we implemented this …