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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
An Overview Of Mozambique’S Mine-Free District Process, Antonio Belchior Vaz Martíns, Hans Risser
An Overview Of Mozambique’S Mine-Free District Process, Antonio Belchior Vaz Martíns, Hans Risser
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
In the 1990s, Mozambique ranked among countries such as Afghanistan, Angola, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Cambodia, and Iraq as one of the most mine-contaminated countries in the world. At the time, experts estimated that clearing all landmines in Mozambique would take 50 to 100 years. Landmines were widely used by all sides during the conflicts that ravaged Mozambique from the mid-1960s until 1992. These nuisance minefields usually consisted of small numbers of mines in seemingly random or undefined areas mostly around paths, wells and rural infrastructure. Large-pattern minefields tended to be the exception rather than the norm in Mozambique. Given the …
Endnotes Issue 20.1, Cisr Journal
Endnotes Issue 20.1, Cisr Journal
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction 20.1 Endnotes
Explosive Hazards In The Aftermath Of Natural Disasters: Lessons Learned, Nicole Neitzey, Paula S. Daly
Explosive Hazards In The Aftermath Of Natural Disasters: Lessons Learned, Nicole Neitzey, Paula S. Daly
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Natural disasters have posed problems for demining operations in the past; the heavy flooding in Bosnia and Herzegovina was one recent example of many. Over the past 20 years, natural disasters have impacted countries affected by landmines or other explosive remnants of war (ERW), causing renewed danger. Despite reoccurring in recent years, these events continue catching the international CWD community by surprise, while experience and lessons learned from previous disasters in one country must be relearned in other regions.
From The Director, Cisr Journal
From The Director, Cisr Journal
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Welcome to our 20th edition of The Journal! This is an exciting year for us as we celebrate the twentieth anniversary of the Center for International Stabilization and Recovery (CISR) as well as The Journal. Since our founding in 1996, CISR’s mission, programs and publications have continuously evolved with the ever-changing face of mine action, reflecting the training, informational and program needs of the field. As mine action is absorbed into the broader scope of conventional weapons destruction, CISR and The Journal are prepared to be the information leader for this community of practice. With great anticipation we begin this …
Unsung Hero: Vanja Jokic Raznjevic, Cisr Journal
Unsung Hero: Vanja Jokic Raznjevic, Cisr Journal
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
As a single mother, Vanja Raznjevic felt that she had no other choice than to apply for a demining position with Norwegian People’s Aid. “I needed a job,” says Raznjevic, “and this job seemed really normal for me because I spent time [in Croatia] during the war and became accustomed to danger.”
The Mine-Action Process In Iraqi Kurdistan, Jamal Jalal Hussein
The Mine-Action Process In Iraqi Kurdistan, Jamal Jalal Hussein
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
The Iraqi Kurdistan Mine Action Agency has been working to clear Kurdistan of landmines and unexploded ordnance that were placed by the former Iraqi government over the past 40 years and the Iranian Army during the Iran-Iraq War from 1980–1988. The Agency is overcoming many challenges and has cleared a vast number of minefields so the land can be handed back to the owners. Casualties from explosive remnants of war are extremely high but a new mine-risk-education program will inform people who live in dangerous areas how to minimize the threat of explosive remnants of war.
Serbia And Montenegro, Country Profile
Serbia And Montenegro, Country Profile
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
The State Union of Serbia and Montenegro has faced many political and social difficulties since the dissolution of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. On 18 September 2003, the then-unified country of Serbia and Montenegro acceded to the Ottawa Convention, becoming a State Party on 1 March 2004. In June 2006, Montenegro declared independence from Serbia. Montenegro subsequently acceded to the Convention as a separate country; Serbia remained bound by the original agreement. Both Serbia and Montenegro are party to the Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons, having assumed the obligation of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Though a ratification bill was …
Book Review: Angola—The Hope Of A People, Cisr Journal
Book Review: Angola—The Hope Of A People, Cisr Journal
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Brazilian photographers Vinicius Souza and Maria Eugênia Sá provide a glimpse of hope through their camera lenses in Angola—The Hope of a People. After many years of tumultuous civil war, these 48 powerful black-and-white and color images capture both the “new face of Angola” and the hope of the people to create a new identity.
Issue 10.2 Endnotes, Cisr Journal
Issue 10.2 Endnotes, Cisr Journal
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Issue 10.2 Endnotes
Humanitarian Landmine Action In China And The Role Of The Ngo, Zhai Dequan
Humanitarian Landmine Action In China And The Role Of The Ngo, Zhai Dequan
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Though China is not a State Party to the Ottawa Convention, the country has long been involved in humanitarian efforts to alleviate the landmine problem. Nationally, China has launched mine clearance campaigns, and has become a State Party to the Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons. Two organizations have also been established to alleviate the landmine problem. Internationally, China has sponsored several mine-clearance workshops, and has promoted international partnerships to work toward mine clearance.
News Briefs, News Brief
Egypt, Country Profile
Egypt, Country Profile
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Egypt is one of the most heavily mined nations in the world, with estimates ranging from 16.7 to 22 million landmines/pieces of unexploded ordnance, or an estimated one-tenth of the world’s 200 million landmines. Seventeen million landmines and pieces of UXO are estimated to be located in the Western Desert, a result of intense fighting during World War II between Allied and Axis forces at the El- Alamein perimeter. Approximately five million additional landmines were spread across the Sinai Peninsula and Red Sea coasts, largely from the Arabian-Israeli conflicts of 1956, 1957 and 1973. The Egyptian military estimates 19.7 million …
Angola, Country Profile
Angola, Country Profile
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
No abstract provided.
Tied Campaigns: Cluster Munitions, Explosive Remnants Of War And Anti-Personnel Landmines, Robin Collins
Tied Campaigns: Cluster Munitions, Explosive Remnants Of War And Anti-Personnel Landmines, Robin Collins
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
The cluster munitions campaign, following the precedent of the International Campaign to Ban Landmines, is beginning to make an impact on state views of banning or restricting cluster munitions. This article examines the history behind the fight to ban or restrict cluster munitions and its ties to the ICBL. The author also discusses the most recent developments in the process to ban or restrict cluster bombs.
Burma (Myanmar), Country Profile
Burma (Myanmar), Country Profile
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
No abstract provided.
Demining In Iran, Eddie Banks
Demining In Iran, Eddie Banks
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
The United Nations classification of mine-affected countries names the Islamic Republic of Iran as one of the world’s most affected countries. Historically Iran has been called the “cradle of civilization,” and it contains a number of important historical sites, including the ancient city of Persepolis (or Takht-e-Jamshid), which was destroyed by Alexander the Great in 322 B.C.
An Operator’S Perspective On Ottawa’S Article 5, Per Nergaard
An Operator’S Perspective On Ottawa’S Article 5, Per Nergaard
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Cost-effectiveness in the traditional sense of the word has many aspects and can be displayed in many ways. Several practical examples have been presented at various occasions involving issues like coordination, toolboxes, complementarities of methods, technologies, etc. I will attempt not to prod any further into that here.
Assisting Landmine Accident Survivors In The Thai-Burmese Border Region, Imbert Matthee
Assisting Landmine Accident Survivors In The Thai-Burmese Border Region, Imbert Matthee
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
No abstract provided.
Destroying The Mother Of All Arsenals: Captured Enemy Ammunition Operations In Iraq, George Zahaczewsky
Destroying The Mother Of All Arsenals: Captured Enemy Ammunition Operations In Iraq, George Zahaczewsky
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Although the much-publicized weapons of mass destruction have not been found in Iraq, less has been said about what munitions were found there, the hazards they present or the efforts of Coalition Forces to remove the stockpiles. This article gives a first-hand view of the perils in Iraq.
Thailand, Country Profile
Thailand, Country Profile
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
No abstract provided.
Integrated Mine Action: A Rights-Based Approach In Cambodia, Sally Campbell
Integrated Mine Action: A Rights-Based Approach In Cambodia, Sally Campbell
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
The lives of some of the most impoverished Cambodians are beginning to improve as a result of new governmental programmes and nonprofit assistance that award land, provide training and offer other opportunities. Integrating mine action with other development programmes is building a sustainable economic community in Cambodia.
Environmental Applications In Demining, Ian Mclean
Environmental Applications In Demining, Ian Mclean
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
The author takes a look at the environmental impact of demining and shows how demining not only affects the environment but also bears heavily on development and economics.
Steel Wheels In Mozambique, Johan Van Zyl
Steel Wheels In Mozambique, Johan Van Zyl
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
This down-in-the-trenches story about using a Casspir fitted with steel wheels to demine in Mozambique in the early 1990s makes you feel like you are right there. Getting rid of the mines was not the only problem the deminers had; sometimes getting past the insurgents was more challenging.
That Landmine Thing: Students Take On The Landmine Crisis, Zach Hudson, Karla Fuentes
That Landmine Thing: Students Take On The Landmine Crisis, Zach Hudson, Karla Fuentes
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
No abstract provided.
Geneva Diary: Report From The Gichd, Ian Mansfield
Geneva Diary: Report From The Gichd, Ian Mansfield
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
The Geneva International Centre for Humanitarian Demining provides operational assistance to mine action programmes and operators, conducts research, and provides support to the Anti-personnel Mine Ban Convention.
How Deminer Position Contributes To Injury, François-Xavier Jetté, Jean-Philippe Dionne, Ismail El Maach, Aris Makris, Matt Ceh, Denis Bergeron
How Deminer Position Contributes To Injury, François-Xavier Jetté, Jean-Philippe Dionne, Ismail El Maach, Aris Makris, Matt Ceh, Denis Bergeron
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Research shows injury risks to deminers can vary depending on their body positioning. Here, the authors present the preliminary results of a study testing the effects of body position on deminer injury using mannequins. They hope to refine further their methodology and continue to learn information that will benefit the demining community.
Lebanon, Country Profile
Lebanon, Country Profile
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
No abstract provided.
Observations On Recent Changes In The Northwest Cambodia’S Mine/Uxo Situation, Michael Simmons, Mao Vanna, Soun Chea, Noum Chay Roum
Observations On Recent Changes In The Northwest Cambodia’S Mine/Uxo Situation, Michael Simmons, Mao Vanna, Soun Chea, Noum Chay Roum
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Based on recently acquired data from selected areas in Battambang province in northwestern Cambodia, the authors offer a preliminary report on what appear to be very significant shifts in the nature of the mine/unexploded ordnance situation. The new data is used to make comparisons between the situation in 2000 and the current situation. Next, they offer evidence of how locally based initiatives appear to have become the predominant driving force of mine action in the selected areas.
Iraq, Country Profile
Iraq, Country Profile
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
No abstract provided.
Mine Free: Not Anytime Soon, Richard Kidd
Mine Free: Not Anytime Soon, Richard Kidd
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Mine action is changing. This is not 1997 and what the international community has learned in the past eight years clearly indicates that the path forward is something different from what a literal reading of the Ottawa Convention would suggest. The Landmine Impact Survey process has demonstrated very clearly that only a small portion of the minefields—normally less than 20 percent—account for the vast majority of casualties and lost economic opportunities. The mine action community has a responsibility to profit from this new knowledge and to adjust its approach accordingly.