Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

A Lesson On Homophobia And Teasing, Eva S. Goldfarb

Department of Public Health Scholarship and Creative Works

Homophobia and gay-related teasing are already present among young children. This lesson introduces the term “prejudice” and places the concept of homophobia within the context of bullying and teasing with which 8–11 year olds are already familiar. The lesson builds empathy as children think about and discuss how they have felt when they have been teased or called a name and how they think people in gay or lesbian families would feel. The lesson celebrates the lives of gay and lesbian people as it celebrates diversity among all people and families. Children are encouraged to think about the diversity within …

Assessing The Effects Of Medicaid Documentation Requirements On Health Centers And Their Patients: Results Of A "Second Wave" Survey, Lee Repasch, Brad Finnegan, Peter Shin, Sara J. Rosenbaum

Geiger Gibson/RCHN Community Health Foundation Research Collaborative

This report represents a "second wave" follow-up to a "first wave" study whose purpose was to measure the effects of the Deficit Reduction Act's citizenship documentation requirements on health centers and their patients. The earlier study, conducted six months after implementation, found that the law had a widespread impact, including delayed applications, interrupted enrollment, disruptions in care, and at least anecdotal evidence of a growth in the number of uninsured patients as a result of the denial or loss of Medicaid coverage. This "second wave" survey underscores the existence of serious, ongoing problems more than a year after implementation. Specifically, …

Designation Of Medically Underserved And Health Professional Shortage Areas: Analysis Of The Public Comments On The Withdrawn Proposed Regulation, Emily Jones, Leighton C. Ku, Joseph Lippi, Ramona Whittington, Sara J. Rosenbaum

Geiger Gibson/RCHN Community Health Foundation Research Collaborative

In February 2008, the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) proposed new regulations that would have modified and combined the Health Professional Shortage Area (HPSA) and Medically Underserved Area/Population (MUA/P) designation processes. The comment period was extended twice in response to the large volume of comments, through June 30th. On July 23rd, HRSA effectively withdrew the proposed rule, announcing that in light of its preliminary review of comments, the agency had elected to develop a new proposal. This Research Brief highlights some of the salient issues surrounding the proposed rule, based on an analysis of the public comments by researchers …

"Sitting In Different Chairs:" Roles Of The Community Health Workers In The Poder Es Salud/Power For Health Project, Stephanie Farquhar, Noelle Wiggins, Yvonne L. Michael, G. Luhr, Jennifer Jordon, A. Lopez

Community Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Evaluations of Community Health Worker programs consistently document improvements in health, yet few articles clearly describe the roles of Community Health Workers (CHWs) from the CHWs' perspective. This article presents the CHWs' points of view regarding the various roles they played in a community-based participatory research (CBPR) project, Poder es Salud/Power for Health in Portland, Oregon, including their roles as community organizers and co-researchers. Methods: Authors draw from an analysis of transcript data from in-depth interviews conducted with CHWs to present a description of the strategies employed by the CHWs to build leadership skills and knowledge among community members. CHWs …

Uninsured And Medicaid Patients' Access To Preventive Care: Comparison Of Health Centers And Other Primary Care Providers, Avi Dor, Yuriy Pylypchuck, Peter Shin, Sara J. Rosenbaum

Geiger Gibson/RCHN Community Health Foundation Research Collaborative

This issue of Research Briefs examines health centers' role in reducing disparities in preventive health care access by medically vulnerable and high risk populations. The analysis uses information from several national data sources to examine differences in the provision of preventive health care to Medicaid and uninsured patients between health centers and other primary care providers.

Key Findings:

• Compared to those treated by other primary care providers, Medicaid and uninsured patients treated by health centers are significantly poorer, in significantly worse health, and in the case of uninsured patients, more likely to be members of racial and ethnic minority groups. …

Grantee-Level Estimates Show That 31 Percent Of All Health Centers Would Fail To Meet Tier Two Status Under Hrsa's Proposed Mua/Mup/Hpsa Designation Regulations, Peter Shin, Leighton C. Ku, Emily Jones, Sara J. Rosenbaum

Geiger Gibson/RCHN Community Health Foundation Research Collaborative

In April of 2008, we issued a research brief which analyzed the impact on various federal programs of a February 29, 2008 Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM) regarding the designation of Medically Underserved Populations and Health Professional Shortage Areas. Among its findings, the report estimated that resources for one-third of community health center sites would be jeopardized by this rule change because they could not attain a sufficiently high priority status, even under the newly-proposed, higher-scoring Tier 2 methodology. On May 1, 2008, we issued a revision in response to an April 21, 2008 clarification notice from the Health Resources …

The Mercury Connection: Autism And Childhood Vaccines, Sarah Rossi

Pell Scholars and Senior Theses

A literature survey of government and private studies have found that Thimerosal not to be a cause of auism. The reliance on limited, flawed and outdated studies on the effect of ethyl-mercury suggest that more research is needed to understand the effects of ethyl-mercury and particularly Thimerosal. In the meantime efforts should be increased to remove Thimerosal from vaccines world-wide.

Analysis Of The Proposed Rule On Designation Of Medically Underserved Populations And Health Professional Shortage Areas, Peter Shin, Leighton C. Ku, Emily Jones, Sara J. Rosenbaum

Geiger Gibson/RCHN Community Health Foundation Research Collaborative

Numerous safety net programs and health care providers depend on Medically Underserved Area and Population (MUA/P) and Health Professional Shortage (HPSA) designations to qualify for federal funding, physician subsidies and placement, and health-related investments to improve access to care for communities and populations at high risk of poor health. These resources are particularly critical for federally-qualified health centers at a time when the number of uninsured is growing and the capacity of the safety net shrinking. On February 29, 2008, the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) released a proposed regulation to alter the way these designations are made. …

Highlights: Analysis Of The Proposed Rule On Designation Of Medically Underserved Populations And Health Professional Shortage Areas, Peter Shin, Leighton C. Ku, Emily Jones, Sara J. Rosenbaum

Geiger Gibson/RCHN Community Health Foundation Research Collaborative

For decades, the federal government has targeted health care funding, resources and staff to meet the health care needs of areas designated as "medically underserved areas" and "health professional shortage areas." Areas that qualify may, for example, receive federal funding to support the establishment and operation of community health centers, or receive National Health Service Corps (NHSC) physicians and clinicians. In addition, physicians who practice in these health shortage areas may receive higher payments under Medicare. These designations thus affect the availability of health care in thousands of urban and rural areas all across the United States. Community health centers …

Fighting Nuclear Waste At Skull Valley, Margene Bullcreek

Native American Forum on Nuclear Issues

Abstract:

-Reasons We Oppose Nuclear Waste

-Sovereignty

-Traditional values must be protected

-Protect sacredness of our culture, plants,

animals, air, and water

-Affects on community health

-Protect reservation and homeland

-To protect the air and water

-To protect future generations

-Environmental Justice

Como Mujer…Yo Decido: El Derecho De Salud Sexual Y Reproductiva En Mujeres Aymara De Putre, Chile, Alice Manos

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

The human right to sexual and reproductive health, as defined at the International United Nations Conference on Population and Development (Cairo, 1994), continues to be a pending issue in Chile. The sexual and reproductive health of indigenous women emerges as a crucial issue within this field due to Chile’s history of cultural ignorance and a dictatorial healthcare system. Studies of women’s sexual and reproductive healthcare within indigenous communities in Chile have focused on the Cosmo vision and traditional medicine of the Aymara due to their distinct concepts of reproduction, gender roles, and family planning. Studies conducted by Maria Soledad Pérez …

Myocardial Infarction And Heart Failure Hospitalization Rates In Maine, Usa – Variability Along The Urban-Rural Continuum, David E. Harris, A. M. Aboueissa, David Hartley

David Hartley

Cardiovascular disease, including myocardial infarction (MI) and heart failure (HF), remains the leading cause of death in wealthy countries and is of increasing concern in low- and middle-income countries as risk factors such as smoking and obesity become more common around the globe. Within each country the health burden of MI and HF generally falls more heavily on those who live in rural areas and on those who live in communities with lower average socioeconomic status (SES). Hospitalization rates are an important measure of community health because high rates may indicate a high burden of poor health, while inappropriately low …

Myocardial Infarction And Heart Failure Hospitalization Rates In Maine, Usa – Variability Along The Urban-Rural Continuum, David E. Harris, A. M. Aboueissa, David Hartley

David Hartley

Cardiovascular disease, including myocardial infarction (MI) and heart failure (HF), remains the leading cause of death in wealthy countries and is of increasing concern in low- and middle-income countries as risk factors such as smoking and obesity become more common around the globe. Within each country the health burden of MI and HF generally falls more heavily on those who live in rural areas and on those who live in communities with lower average socioeconomic status (SES). Hospitalization rates are an important measure of community health because high rates may indicate a high burden of poor health, while inappropriately low …

How Does Investment In Community Health Centers Affect The Economy?, Peter Shin, Brad Finnegan, Sara J. Rosenbaum

Geiger Gibson/RCHN Community Health Foundation Research Collaborative

The economic slowdown that began in 2007 has prompted policymakers to focus on investments that can produce rapid economic gains in communities. Building on a previous analysis, this Research Brief estimates that a $250 million appropriations increase in the community health centers program would yield health care for an additional 1.8 million patients and a nationwide four-to-one return on investment:

• nearly $1 billion in direct community economic benefits, and
• over $1.1 billion in indirect benefits in jobs and other community investments.

On a state-by-state basis, each $1 million in federal appropriations would assure care for an additional 8,400 patients and …

Mapping As A Knowledge Translation Tool For Ontario Early Years Centres: Views From Data Analysts And Managers, Anita Kothari, S. Michelle Driedger, Julia Bickford, Jason Morrison, Michael Sawada, Ian D. Graham, Eric Crighton

Anita Kothari

Background: Local Ontario Early Years Centres (OEYCs) collect timely and relevant local data, but knowledge translation is needed for the data to be useful. Maps represent an ideal tool to interpret local data. While geographic information system (GIS) technology is available, it is less clear what users require from this technology for evidence-informed program planning. We highlight initial challenges and opportunities encountered in implementing a mapping innovation (software and managerial decision-support) as a knowledge translation strategy.

Methods: Using focus groups, individual interviews and interactive software development events, we taped and transcribed verbatim our interactions with nine OEYCs in Ontario, Canada. …

Mainstreaming Hiv/Aids In Settlement Development Planning, Christine Wamsler

Christine Wamsler

No abstract provided.

Hazardous Chemicals And Your Body: Eating Right For A Healthier You, Lisa Gaetke, Carolyn Hofe, Anna G. Hoover, Stephanie Jenkins, Lindell Ormsbee, Ashley Osbourne

Anna G. Hoover

No abstract provided.

Urban Containment Policies And Physical Activity A Time–Series Analysis Of Metropolitan Areas, 1990–2002, Semra Aytur, Daniel A. Rodriguez, Kelly R. Evenson, Diane J. Catellier

Health Management & Policy

Background: Urban containment policies attempt to manage the location, character, and timing of growth to support a variety of goals such as compact development, preservation of greenspace, and efficient use of infrastructure. Despite prior research evaluating the effects of urban containment policies on land use, housing, and transportation outcomes, the public health implications of these policies remain unexplored. This ecologic study examines relationships among urban containment policies, state adoption of growthmanagement legislation, and population levels of leisure and transportation-related physical activity in 63 large metropolitan statistical areas from 1990 to 2002. Methods: Multiple data sources were combined, including surveys of …

Sequential Treatment For Nicotine Dependence And Postcessation Weight Concern In A Female Diagnosed With Paranoid Schizophrenia., Theodore V. Cooper, B. S. Hanson, R. S. Burke, Y. M. Hunt

Theodore V. Cooper

No abstract provided.

A Primer On The Implementation Of Group Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy. [Review Of The Book Cognitive Behavioral Therapy In Groups]., T. J. Taylor, Theodore V. Cooper

Theodore V. Cooper

No abstract provided.

Demographics And Risky Lifestyle Behaviors Associated With Willingness To Risk Sexually Transmitted Infection In Air Force Recruits., Theodore V. Cooper, M. W. Debon, K. Haddock, D. Rodriguez Esquivel, R. C. Klesges, H. Lando, G. W. Talcott

Theodore V. Cooper

No abstract provided.

Manual For Building Capacity Of Trainers And Program Managers In Emergency Contraception, Sharif M.I. Hossain, M.E. Khan, Mary Philip Sebastian, Sohini Roychowdhury

Reproductive Health

This manual equips trainers with appropriate knowledge on emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs). Emergency contraception (EC) refers to any method of contraception that can be used by a woman to prevent an unwanted pregnancy within three days of unprotected intercourse or a contraceptive accident such as condom leakage. This manual discusses ECPs and the provision of related services. After a day’s training, trainers have the knowledge and skills necessary to train service providers and workers on ECPs. The manual is divided into four sessions. The first provides an overview of the demographic and reproductive health (RH) situation in South and South …

Reducing Adolescents' Perceived Barriers To Treatment And Increasing Help-Seeking Intentions: Effects Of Classroom Presentations By General Practitioners., Coralie J. Wilson

Coralie J Wilson

The Building Bridges to General Practice (BBGP) program is an outreach initiative (written by the first author). It aims to reduce young peoples’ perceived knowledge- and belief-based barriers to engaging in treatment and to increase their behavioral intentions to consult a general medical practitioner (GP) for physical and psychological problems. By increasing intentions, the BBGP program aims to increase actual consultations with a GP for both types of problem. The current paper is the first of a series that report results from a larger multi-cite research project, developed and led by the first author, which examines the impact of BBGP …

Reducing Adolescents' Perceived Barriers To Treatment And Increasing Help-Seeking Intentions: Effects Of Classroom Presentations By General Practitioners., Coralie J. Wilson

Frank Deane

The Building Bridges to General Practice (BBGP) program is an outreach initiative (written by the first author). It aims to reduce young peoples’ perceived knowledge- and belief-based barriers to engaging in treatment and to increase their behavioral intentions to consult a general medical practitioner (GP) for physical and psychological problems. By increasing intentions, the BBGP program aims to increase actual consultations with a GP for both types of problem. The current paper is the first of a series that report results from a larger multi-cite research project, developed and led by the first author, which examines the impact of BBGP …