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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Cognitive Demand And The Outcome Density Effect, Ciara Louise Willett
Cognitive Demand And The Outcome Density Effect, Ciara Louise Willett
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
Judgments regarding the strength of a cause to produce an outcome do not always follow predictions of normative causal reasoning models (Kao & Wasserman, 1993). In the case of the outcome density effect, individuals’ ratings of the strength of a putative cause tend to be greater when the number of observed outcomes is high than when it is low (e.g. Jenkins & Ward, 1965). In the current experiment, I investigated the outcome density effect as a possible heuristic. Participants made causal judgments based on information about the prevalence of headaches in a sample of individuals who did or did not …
Age-Related Changes In Visual Spatial Performance, Samantha Farrell
Age-Related Changes In Visual Spatial Performance, Samantha Farrell
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
Visual spatial skills allow individuals to understand the relationship between objects, people, and the environment for their everyday activities. Visual spatial abilities incorporate visual, motor, and cognitive components, each of which changes across the lifespan. The current study examined the effects of age-related changes and practice type on visual spatial performance. Participants between 40 and 79 years of age were asked to complete the Block Design Task (BDT) by using nine blocks to recreate various designs. Both accuracy and latency were measured to examine these changes. Task difficulty and practice type were varied and cognitive abilities were measured via MMSE …
The New Theory Of Disuse Predicts Retrieval Enhanced Suggestibility (Res), Victoria Bartek
The New Theory Of Disuse Predicts Retrieval Enhanced Suggestibility (Res), Victoria Bartek
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
Retrieval enhanced suggestibility (RES) refers to an effect where initial testing of an event leads to better learning of and higher production of misinformation regarding that event. This paper proposes the New Theory of Disuse (Bjork & Bjork, 1992) as a supplement to the retrieval fluency account for RES (Thomas et al., 2010). The amount of interference presented between the misinforming narrative and final test was manipulated in order to investigate how decays in retrieval strength (how easily a memory is recalled) affect misinformation reporting. Results suggested that the learning of interfering information may decrease RES, but that this effect …