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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
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Articles 1 - 8 of 8
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Validity Of Adhd Symptoms In Toddlers, Hallie Brown
Validity Of Adhd Symptoms In Toddlers, Hallie Brown
Masters Theses
Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common child neurodevelopmental disorders. The disorder is typically diagnosed in elementary school, but there is growing evidence for the validity of ADHD in preschoolers, and symptoms likely emerge even earlier than preschool years. Research suggests that ADHD symptoms can be evident in toddlers beyond developmentally appropriate behavior, and symptoms in toddlers are predictive of later impairment. However, few studies have examined the validity of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) ADHD symptoms in this younger population. The present study examined the 18 DSM ADHD symptoms in a community sample …
Effects Of Attachment And Self-Esteem On Perceptions Of Infidelity In Gay Men., Shannon R. Bierma
Effects Of Attachment And Self-Esteem On Perceptions Of Infidelity In Gay Men., Shannon R. Bierma
Masters Theses
Research indicates that infidelity is one of the primary reasons for relationship dissolution. There are several theories surrounding cheating behavior, but none around how one perceives these acts. Attachment theory and self-esteem have previously been used to explore infidelity in straight populations, but minimally in gay populations. Additionally, cheating behavior and perceptions of cheating have been extensively investigated in straight relationships, but have not been explored in gay relationships. The current study looked to develop a measure to assess perceptions of cheating in gay males, and examined how attachment and self-esteem impacted these perceptions. Participants were 150 males with a …
Examining The Effects Of Frustration On Working Memory Capacity In An Emerging Adult Sample, Jonathan Parks Fillauer
Examining The Effects Of Frustration On Working Memory Capacity In An Emerging Adult Sample, Jonathan Parks Fillauer
Masters Theses
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is associated with numerous pejorative outcomes in adults such as low frustration tolerance and deficits in central executive functioning. The present study aims to examine (1) the effect of induced frustration on working memory capacity (WMC) and (2) the unique contribution of ADHD symptoms and other commonly comorbid disorders (i.e., anxiety/depression and alcohol use) to frustration. Participants (N=66) were randomly assigned to either the control group (n=32) or the experimental group (n=34). The Frustration Induction Procedure (FIP) was administered to participants in the experimental group and a neutral, non-frustrating task was administered to a control group. A …
The Mediating Role Of Social Preference In The Relationship Between Teacher-Student Relationship Quality And Peer Victimization, Kathryn Francis Smeraglia
The Mediating Role Of Social Preference In The Relationship Between Teacher-Student Relationship Quality And Peer Victimization, Kathryn Francis Smeraglia
Masters Theses
Teachers are integral to cultivating healthy relationships among students (Cortes & Kochenderfer-Ladd, 2014) and are uniquely positioned to affect change in social processes that maintain victimization (Newman-Carlson & Horne, 2004; Rodkin & Hodges, 2003). Evidence suggests that children with supportive teacher-student relationships have more positive social and behavioral outcomes (Thijs & Verkuyten, 2008;), whereas teacher-student conflict may place children at risk for victimization (Reavis et al., 2010). In this study, we examine the relation between teacher-student relationship quality (TSRQ) and peer victimization (PV), TSRQ and social preference (SP), and whether SP is one mechanism that explains the link between TSRQ …
The Relationship Of Hypnotizability And Empathy: A Replication And Extension Study, Morgun Elliot Custer
The Relationship Of Hypnotizability And Empathy: A Replication And Extension Study, Morgun Elliot Custer
Masters Theses
A recent research article articulated the Empathic Involvement Theory of hypnotizability (EIT; Wickramasekera II, 2015). The theory holds that individual differences in hypnotizability are correlated with, and in part determined by, the capacity to empathize. I review the theory and the founding empirical study (Wickramasekera II & Szlyk, 2003) and detail our attempt to replicate these findings in our laboratory. We did not obtain statistically significant relationships between empathic ability and hypnotizability. I discuss these findings, the ramifications on the proposed empathy/hypnotizability question, and the larger agenda of whether hypnotizability connects with personality.
The Relationship Between Beliefs About Suffering And Well-Being, Rebekah Bambenek
The Relationship Between Beliefs About Suffering And Well-Being, Rebekah Bambenek
Masters Theses
Suffering is a common human experience, and is a common underlying feature in those seeking psychological services. Throughout history, philosophy and religion have addressed the subject of human suffering directly, albeit in varying ways. The clinical practice of psychology also seeks to help alleviate suffering in those who seek services, yet the academic study of suffering has been overlooked. Academic psychology has examined the phenomenon of beliefs, and has studied various beliefs and their effects for decades. The present study sought to bring suffering into the academic discussion by examining beliefs about suffering and the well-studied variables of subjective and …
Associated Factors Of Posttraumatic Growth: A Meta-Analysis, Rong Xia
Associated Factors Of Posttraumatic Growth: A Meta-Analysis, Rong Xia
Masters Theses
During the past 20 years, posttraumatic growth has been recognized and emphasized to promote physical and psychological health after life-threatening events. There has also been an increasing number of individual studies on posttraumatic growth and its associated factors. However, it still remains unclear whether and how these relationships are facilitated. Therefore, the current meta-analysis aimed to provide a comprehensive understanding on the important associated factors of posttraumatic growth. Posttraumatic stress, event centrality, emotion regulation, and religious or spiritual coping and their actual relationships with posttraumatic growth were examined along with some potential moderators. Results from 56 studies (N = 20,132) …
The Role Of Body Image, Dieting, Self-Esteem And Binge Eating In Health Behaviors, Neha M. Tamhane
The Role Of Body Image, Dieting, Self-Esteem And Binge Eating In Health Behaviors, Neha M. Tamhane
Masters Theses
Society’s obsession with an idealized thin body type has led to many individuals to seek several different, often harmful, methods to reach their body goals. Current research shows links between body image and self-esteem as well as that between dieting and binge eating-with many researchers finding that extreme dieting can lead to binge eating. The aim of this research was to assess the relationships between body image, dieting, binge eating and self-esteem to understand the ways these factors interact with each other. For this purpose, 60 female participants aged 18-26 years were recruited from Eastern Illinois University and asked to …