Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Institution
- Keyword
-
- Emotion regulation (3)
- Attachment (2)
- Psychometrics (2)
- Qualitative research (2)
- Abstinence-Based Recovery (1)
-
- Academic Stress;Cultural Coping;Heritage Langauge;Structural Equation Modelling;Thematic Analysis (1)
- Affect (1)
- Alzheimer's disease (1)
- And Dangerousness (1)
- Anxiety (1)
- Anxiety;Foreign Language Anxiety;Public Speaking Anxiety;Self-Talk (1)
- Appearance Investment;Body Dissatisfaction;Depression;Rumination (1)
- Astrology (1)
- Attitudes scale (1)
- Biopsychosocial;chronic illness;emerging adults;mixed-methods;post-traumatic growth;social support (1)
- Borderline Personality Disorder;cluster analysis;Dialectical Behavior Therapy;emotion;emotional profiles;exploratory analysis (1)
- Broad Autism Phenotype (BAP) (1)
- Bullying (1)
- Burnout (1)
- COVID-19 (1)
- Child (1)
- Clinical ethnography (1)
- Clinical work (1)
- Cognitive aging (1)
- Cognitive decline (1)
- Cognitive reserve;crystallized intelligence;educational attainment;mental workplace demands;neuropsychological;older adults (1)
- Community-level factors (1)
- Compassion satisfaction (1)
- Confirmatory factor analysis (1)
- Critical phenomenology (1)
Articles 1 - 28 of 28
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Functional Cynicism, Michelle Fried
Functional Cynicism, Michelle Fried
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Trait cynicism, or “cynical hostility” as measured by the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory’s Cook-Medley Scale, is defined and studied as characteristics associated with psychopathology, interpersonal conflict, and negative health outcomes including heart disease and cognitive decline. Likewise, “organizational cynicism” is operationalized in industrial/organizational psychology for the purpose of describing and identifying an undesirable employee type in the workplace. This research proposes an alternative assessment. It reconnects cynicism with its roots in ancient philosophy by asking if cynical attitudes, despite their negative valence ascribed in the modern literature and conventional opinion, may serve a practical purpose. This study of Functional Cynicism …
Understanding The Psychological Significance Of Astrology In Millennial Women's Lives, Rachel June Floyd
Understanding The Psychological Significance Of Astrology In Millennial Women's Lives, Rachel June Floyd
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In North America, astrology has been experiencing a resurgence in popularity. This is immediately remarkable given that the United States and Canada are industrialized, modern societies where astrology is widely lamented as a pseudoscience. This dissertation presents a phenomenological exploration of the underlying reasons for this cultural trend, particularly among the demographic that uses it most: millennial women. Existing psychological literature on astrology is primarily dominated by correlational studies or historical analyses and lacks the depth and richness of direct experiences of individuals engaging with this phenomenon. This study sought to address this gap within psychological literature specifically, by conducting …
Obstetric Violence And Postpartum Adjustment: Exploration Of Risk And Resilience Factors, Hope O'Neill
Obstetric Violence And Postpartum Adjustment: Exploration Of Risk And Resilience Factors, Hope O'Neill
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Obstetric violence includes acts of abuse, coercion, or disrespect that occur during the labor process. The present study explores how obstetric violence impacts a person’s postpartum psychosocial adjustment. This study used a subset of data (N = 339) from a larger online study, which attempted to explore multiple facets of a person’s postpartum health. The psychological constructs examined are postpartum depression and postpartum anxiety. Additional constructs assessed were protective and risk factors: self-compassion and medical mistrust. Self-compassion and medical mistrust were examined by using moderation models. Additional analyses were completed using simple regression models to explore whether obstetric violence predicts …
Connections Between Polyvictimization, Daily Stress, Emotion Regulation, And Mental Health Symptoms: An Ecological Momentary Assessment Study., Zoe L. Bridges-Curry
Connections Between Polyvictimization, Daily Stress, Emotion Regulation, And Mental Health Symptoms: An Ecological Momentary Assessment Study., Zoe L. Bridges-Curry
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Background and Objectives: Individuals who experience polyvictimization, or victimization across multiple life contexts, evidence particularly severe outcomes across a range of mental health diagnoses. Preliminary evidence suggests that emotion regulation difficulties and stress sensitization effects may help explain observed links between trauma exposure and mental health symptoms. However, the use of between-subjects designs to address within-subjects processes – a common approach across this literature – can result in erroneous interpretation of findings. Moreover, widespread reliance on retrospective trait measures of emotion regulation, daily stressors, and mental health symptoms have limited insight into the ways that these processes unfold in daily …
The Role Of Self-Talk In Regulating Public Speaking Anxiety In Ethnically Diverse Young Adults In Canada, Clare Denise Russell Hinch
The Role Of Self-Talk In Regulating Public Speaking Anxiety In Ethnically Diverse Young Adults In Canada, Clare Denise Russell Hinch
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Public speaking is a commonly required skill within academic and workplace settings, and the ability to confidently and effectively communicate orally in group contexts is highly valued. However, public speaking is uncomfortable for many individuals, often associated with behavioural, cognitive, and physiological manifestations of anxiety. This discomfort may be even greater in individuals who are required to speak in a language in which they do not feel adequately proficient. Given the importance of oral communication skills within academic, workplace, and community settings, it is imperative that individuals are able to effectively regulate this anxiety response. One way in which an …
The Impact Of Cognitive Reserve On Baseline Neuropsychological Functioning Of Older Adults Without Dementia, Jarod Joshi
The Impact Of Cognitive Reserve On Baseline Neuropsychological Functioning Of Older Adults Without Dementia, Jarod Joshi
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Background: For decades, a key question that has been posed by the cognitive aging literature is how do we preserve our cognitive abilities throughout the lifespan? This thesis examined the influence of cognitive reserve (CR) on different domains of cognitive functioning in a sample of older adults with varying levels of cognitive functioning, ranging from normal cognitive aging to mild cognitive impairment. To date, little research has used latent variable modelling to examine the potential relationships between cognitive reserve and cognition in older adults without dementia. Objectives: To examine the (1) cumulative and (2) independent effects of three well-established proxies …
Body Dissatisfaction And Depression: Investigating The Moderating Roles Of Maladaptive Investment In Appearance And Rumination, Mallory Forward
Body Dissatisfaction And Depression: Investigating The Moderating Roles Of Maladaptive Investment In Appearance And Rumination, Mallory Forward
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Body dissatisfaction has been shown to predict the onset of depression (Bornioli et al., 2020; Paxton et at, 2006; Ferreiro et al., 2014; Sharpe et al., 2018). However, those for whom body dissatisfaction may be especially likely to result in depression has received little attention. The goal of the current study is to test the moderating roles of rumination and maladaptive investment in appearance in the association between body dissatisfaction and depression. It is suggested that those who are more maladaptively invested in their appearance may experience body dissatisfaction as particularly distressing because they place a high degree of importance …
A Psycholinguistic Analysis Of Neuropsychological Tests, Brette Lansue
A Psycholinguistic Analysis Of Neuropsychological Tests, Brette Lansue
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Neuropsychological assessment often depends on language-based measures of cognitive functioning and proper diagnosis of certain disorders relies on patterns of impairment in language and memory on these measures. The current project was motivated by the relative lack of literature integrating psycholinguistic experimental findings and clinical neuropsychological research. It has been well documented that word-level characteristics impact language processing and memory. Therefore, it is critical that neuropsychologists begin to understand how the measures currently in use can be confounded by the underlying lexical and semantic characteristics of the stimuli and how, if used properly, those characteristics could aid in diagnostic specificity. …
Factors Influencing Post-Traumatic Growth In Emerging Adults With Chronic Medical Illness, Alana Marie Gyemi
Factors Influencing Post-Traumatic Growth In Emerging Adults With Chronic Medical Illness, Alana Marie Gyemi
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
According to the Chronic Disease Prevention Alliance of Canada (2017), approximately 60% of Canadian adults suffer from a chronic medical condition. Managing a chronic medical illness provides an opportunity for post-traumatic growth (PTG). PTG is the positive psychological change that develops because of experiencing a trauma or highly stressful event. The current study evaluated a collection of biopsychosocial factors as potential predictors of PTG. Specifically, we hypothesized that physical pain, perceived social support, coping, pain self-efficacy, pain acceptance, and resilience would produce a model that significantly predicts PTG. Both quantitative and qualitative data from undergraduate students aged 18 to 25 …
Emotion Profiles In Dialectical Behaviour Therapy: Early Observations Anticipate Treatment Outcome, Florencia Andrea Cristoffanini
Emotion Profiles In Dialectical Behaviour Therapy: Early Observations Anticipate Treatment Outcome, Florencia Andrea Cristoffanini
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) can have various clinical presentations and is also difficult to treat. Researchers have investigated whether subtypes of BPD could explain variability in clinical presentations and outcomes after treatment. Previous research has identified subtypes of BPD based on temperament, which explain some variation in symptoms and outcomes. However, subtypes have typically been created using extensive self-report or structured-interview data. Instead, creating identifiable emotion profiles based on observational data could have a wider range of clinical and research applications, while helping to explain heterogeneity in BPD presentations and outcomes. This thesis is designed to look at emotion profiles …
Nutrition As A Modifiable Risk Factor For Cognitive Decline: Associated Cognitive And Physical Health Changes, Taylor Mcmillan
Nutrition As A Modifiable Risk Factor For Cognitive Decline: Associated Cognitive And Physical Health Changes, Taylor Mcmillan
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Dementia is defined as gradual, progressive loss of cognitive functioning, greater than what is expected of normal aging, resulting in functional impairment. There are several types of dementia clinical syndromes that are accompanied by unique patterns of cognitive dysfunction and neuropathological changes. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common type of clinical dementia syndrome, accounting for approximately 60-70% of cases. Neuropathological mechanisms associated with AD include the disruption of the cholinergic system, accumulation of amyloid-beta plaques and hyperphosphorylated tau, as well as vascular pathology. Vascular pathology complicates the characterization of clinical and neuropathic changes in AD, as there becomes significant …
Do Good Things Come To Those Who Wait?: Investigating Temporal Discounting Rates Among Older Adults, Amy Halpin
Do Good Things Come To Those Who Wait?: Investigating Temporal Discounting Rates Among Older Adults, Amy Halpin
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Decision-making is widely viewed as a higher-order cognitive construct, drawing on fluid intelligence as well as intact functioning across a wide variety of cognitive domains including executive function, working memory, declarative memory, and attention. The conditions of the decision-making outcome (e.g., immediate or delayed), the framing of the outcome (e.g., loss vs. gain), and the type of outcome (e.g., money, food, social or health consequences), are consistently highlighted throughout the literature as being important influences on decision-making behavior. However, decision-making behavior among and within these contexts remains inconsistent and inconclusive in older adult populations. Considering that recent evidence suggests the …
Academic Stress And Cultural Coping: The Moderating Effect Of Heritage Language Proficiency On Well-Being In A Multilingual Sample, Noah Marcel Philipp-Muller
Academic Stress And Cultural Coping: The Moderating Effect Of Heritage Language Proficiency On Well-Being In A Multilingual Sample, Noah Marcel Philipp-Muller
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Coping is a set of behaviours that enable stress management. Traditional theories of coping have examined engagement coping and avoidant coping, but recent work has begun to shed light on culture-specific collective coping strategies. Collective coping varies between cultural groups, but generally helps preserve well-being and reduce psychopathology by affirming an individual’s connection to the rest of their cultural group. Experiments testing this model show that collective coping partially explains the relationship between academic stress and well-being. Language plays a vital role in both the transmission and preservation of cultural information. Given the role of language and communication in regulating …
The Effects Of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (Tdcs) On Facial Expression Approach/Avoidance In College Students And Faculty With Broad Autism Phenotype, Nicole R. Baker
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) has been proposed as an alternative noninvasive therapy for individuals with autism. This study trained brain activity in college students and / or faculty with Broad Autism Phenotype (BAP) while eye tracking data was collected. The purpose of this study was to determine if tDCS training to the frontal lobes could increase approach toward social interactions in adults classified as BAP as demonstrated by eye-tracking measures in response to faces and gaze fixation. The study included 21 total participants recruited from the Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) courses / professions at a Regional East …
Indirect Aggression And Victimization: Investigating Instrument Psychometrics, Gender Differences, And Its Relationship To Social Information Processing, Taylor Steeves
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The study of indirect bullying behaviors, relational aggression and social aggression, has been of theoretical importance and interest to researchers and psychologists within the last few decades. In this investigation, using a convenience sample of 451 late adolescents attending a private university in the mid-Atlantic U.S., I examined the factor structure of two measures of indirect bullying, the Young Adult Social Behavior Scale – Victim (YASB-V) and the Young Adult Social Behavior Scale – Perpetrator (YASB-P). Using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), I found that the YASB-V comprised a four-factor model, differing from the model that had been identified in the …
Behavioral Indicators Of Reflective Functioning In Mother-Child Dyadic Interactions, Rachel Clingensmith
Behavioral Indicators Of Reflective Functioning In Mother-Child Dyadic Interactions, Rachel Clingensmith
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Positive parenting practices and secure attachments are consistently linked to healthy child outcomes (Ainsworth & Bowlby, 1991; Waters et al., 2000). Research on cognitive processes that scaffold parental behaviors which contribute to secure attachment is an essential contribution to the literature, particularly given the potential for early intervention with at-risk families. Parental Reflective Functioning (PRF) is a construct of increasing interest which has been linked to secure attachments and positive child outcomes, with one commonly used self-report measure of PRF being the Parental Reflective Functioning Questionnaire (PRFQ; Camoirano, 2017; Clingensmith, 2021; Luyten et al., 2017). As such, the purpose of …
A Pandemic’S Potential To Haunt: A Longitudinal Look At The Professional Wellbeing Of Tn’S Infant And Early Childhood Mental Health (Iecmh) Workforce, Robyn A. Dolson
A Pandemic’S Potential To Haunt: A Longitudinal Look At The Professional Wellbeing Of Tn’S Infant And Early Childhood Mental Health (Iecmh) Workforce, Robyn A. Dolson
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Infant and Early Childhood Mental Health (IECMH) providers engage in uniquely relational work with high-risk families that expose them to the full advantages (i.e., compassion satisfaction [CS]) and disadvantages (e.g., burn-out [BO]) of a helper role. Though the pandemic seemed poised to escalate disadvantage, most early pandemic studies found high CS alongside elevated BO. Unfortunately, as COVID-19 has continued, CS has declined while BO has increased. Given the delayed COVID-19 impact on children, these changes may be particularly acute for IECMH providers. Using a longitudinal cohort of 27 IECMH providers, this study aimed to describe and quantify changes in professional …
Embodied Fatness In Boys: A Critical Phenomenological Study, Sean Leadem
Embodied Fatness In Boys: A Critical Phenomenological Study, Sean Leadem
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation was an exploratory study of experiences of fatness in boyhood using a hermeneutic phenomenological qualitative method. The author conducted in-depth, open-ended interviews with participants who identify as men and for whom fatness or related body-difference was an issue in childhood or adolescence to gather data on the meanings of fatness for boys and the men they become. Data analysis was organized around the existential dimensions of embodiment, temporality, and relationality. Themes emerging from this analysis included a) the discovery of fatness as ambiguous meanings mediated by others, b) fatness as a problem in a horizon that does not …
Dyadic And Ecological Associations With Intimate Partner Violence (Ipv): Using Hierarchical Linear Modeling To Differentiate Ipv From Community Crime, Rachel Carpenter
Dyadic And Ecological Associations With Intimate Partner Violence (Ipv): Using Hierarchical Linear Modeling To Differentiate Ipv From Community Crime, Rachel Carpenter
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Research on intimate partner violence (IPV) and intimate partner sexual violence (IPSV) has largely focused on individual and dyadic-level risk factors, but recently studies have explored how the surrounding environment is associated with IPV/IPSV. Studies that have explored community-level variables typically only use IPV/IPSV samples and do not first compare indicators of IPV/IPSV to those of general crime in those same communities. To address these gaps, this study was conducted in two parts. Data were retrieved from the Tennessee Bureau of Investigation Reporting System, County Health Rankings and Roadmaps System, the US Census Bureau, and other sources. Study 1 first …
Preference For Abstinence-Based Recovery And Public Stigma Toward Substance Use Disorders, Diamond Meadows
Preference For Abstinence-Based Recovery And Public Stigma Toward Substance Use Disorders, Diamond Meadows
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The present study drew from the publicly available Amerispeak survey (n = 6,515) and examined public stigma towards different substances, the relationship between preferences for abstinence-based recovery and stigma toward each substance, and whether perceived dangerousness of substances moderates the relationship between preferences for abstinence-based recovery and public stigma. The results indicate that the general public has greater stigmatizing attitudes towards methamphetamine use disorder than cocaine use disorder, opioid use disorder, and alcohol use disorder. Furthermore, a preference for abstinence-based recovery was associated with greater stigmatizing attitudes toward all SUDs. The perceived dangerousness of a substance did not moderate the …
Attitudes Towards Mental Health, Spiritual Seeking, And Well-Being, David Mitchell
Attitudes Towards Mental Health, Spiritual Seeking, And Well-Being, David Mitchell
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Religion plays a crucial role in many peoples’ lives, shaping the way they interact with the world and react to stressors. The Relational Spirituality Model (Sandage & Shults, 2007) posits that individuals’ relationship with God resembles humans’ relationships with one another. That is, relationships consist of intimacy and closeness as well as independence and time away from each other, otherwise known as dwelling and seeking. Previous literature has analyzed the relationship between spiritual coping and well-being, yet none have analyzed the relationship between spiritual seeking and overall well-being using attitudes towards mental health as a moderator. Participants were 84 undergraduate …
Moral Objections To Pornography: Does The Reason For Opposition Affect Consumption?, Grant Parker
Moral Objections To Pornography: Does The Reason For Opposition Affect Consumption?, Grant Parker
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Recent literature has suggested a link between self-described “problematic” pornography usage or pornography addiction and moral incongruence (Grubbs et al., 2022; Guidry et al., 2019). That is, when someone is morally opposed to pornography, they feel worse about their use of it. As of yet, however, no link has been established between specific reasons for objecting to pornography and their effects on consumption. Participants were 54 adults selected randomly using Amazon’s MTurk survey distribution platform. Respondents completed demographic questions and 6 scales measuring frequency of pornography use, objections to pornography, self-perceived problematic porn use, external and internal shame, God representations, …
Effects Of Discrete Emotions On Associative Memory Binding, Davin D. Iverson
Effects Of Discrete Emotions On Associative Memory Binding, Davin D. Iverson
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The link between emotion and memory has been a topic of interest in psychological research for over a century. Typically, emotionally arousing items, especially those that are negative, are better remembered compared to neutral items. In contrast, when people are required to link multiple individual items together, negative emotional content often worsens memory, while positive content tends to improve memory for associations. Research on discrete emotions (e.g., happiness, sadness, fear, disgust) suggests that disgusting content is better remembered in item memory tests even compared to material that elicits other negative emotions. However, it remains unclear whether this unique impact of …
If It Walks Like A Duck…Is It A Duck?: A Mixed Methods Investigation Of Differences Between Machiavellian And Non-Machiavellian Substance Users, Daniel Pillersdorf
If It Walks Like A Duck…Is It A Duck?: A Mixed Methods Investigation Of Differences Between Machiavellian And Non-Machiavellian Substance Users, Daniel Pillersdorf
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Machiavellianism is a set of personality traits characterized by a cold and callous nature, a belief in engaging in manipulative tactics for personal gain, a cynical and distrusting view of others, and pragmatically moral stance. Behaviors and views of individuals with elevated Machiavellian traits can be seen to have a marked similarity with several behaviours and views of individuals with substance use issues, making it difficult to differentiate between them. Using a mixed-methods approach, this study sought to determine what distinguishes individuals who are high in Machiavellianism from those who are low in Machiavellianism but appear high in this set …
Effects Of Perpetrator And Victim Gender, Rape Myths, And Report Timing On Blame Attributions Following Sexual Assault, Katherine E. Kennon
Effects Of Perpetrator And Victim Gender, Rape Myths, And Report Timing On Blame Attributions Following Sexual Assault, Katherine E. Kennon
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Previous research examined the effects of victim gender, perpetrator gender, and rape myth acceptance on victim blaming attribution; however, fewer studies explore victim and perpetrator gender at the same time, and even fewer studies examined the relevance of factors like timing of reporting (immediate or delayed) or rurality. The primary purpose of the study, therefore, was to explore the effect of victim gender, perpetrator gender, and report timing (same day vs. six months later) on victim blaming attributions. The study also examined the role of rape myth acceptance on victim blame and compared levels of rape myth acceptance across participant …
The Strong Families Program: Utility Of Telehealth Parenting Skills Psychoeducation, Grace C. Prosperi
The Strong Families Program: Utility Of Telehealth Parenting Skills Psychoeducation, Grace C. Prosperi
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Externalizing behaviors in children are a common problem experienced by many parents. If untreated, externalizing behaviors are associated with more serious consequences (Hann, 2012). Parents of children with behavior issues also report higher levels of stress (Dumas et al., 2009). Parenting stress is related to lower life satisfaction for parents and increased negative outcomes for children living in the home. Parent training programs, incorporating attachment building and discipline strategies, combat childhood externalizing behaviors in clinical settings. While reducing childhood externalizing behaviors is the main aim of parent training, there are other benefits to gaining parenting skills such as increased familial …
The Conditional Effects Of Emotion Regulation On The Relationship Between Occupational Stress And Suicidal Behaviors In Veterinary Students, Sara Carroll Johnson
The Conditional Effects Of Emotion Regulation On The Relationship Between Occupational Stress And Suicidal Behaviors In Veterinary Students, Sara Carroll Johnson
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Suicide is an area of increasing concern in the field of veterinary medicine. As veterinary students prepare to enter the profession and take on the unique stressors associated with this line of work, there is a need for models that identify protective factors for suicidal behaviors. Specifically, research is needed to identify factors that offset the relationship between occupational stress and suicidal behaviors. To better inform interventions designed to prevent suicidal behaviors in veterinary students, emotion upregulation and downregulation strategies were evaluated as potential moderators in the relationship between occupational stress and suicidal behaviors in a sample of veterinary students. …
Silver Linings Playlist: Exploring The Effectiveness Of Music As An Emotion Regulation Tool, Caitlin Fountain
Silver Linings Playlist: Exploring The Effectiveness Of Music As An Emotion Regulation Tool, Caitlin Fountain
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Music not only entertains listeners, but it also evokes emotions and facilitates emotion regulation (Gabrielsson, 2001; Krahe & Bienick, 2012). Specifically, music helps listeners to express their emotions and alter their mood through cognitive reappraisal (Chin & Rickard, 2014; Witvliet & Vrana, 2007). Listening to music also enhances relaxation and reduces physiological arousal after experiencing a stressful event (Yehuda, 2011). Stress often involves an influx of negative emotions, which when left unmitigated, may result in fewer positive emotions, increased depression, and maladaptive coping (Flynn & Rudolph, 2010; Lazenby et al., 2019). While music appears to be an effective stress management …