Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

The Sa’dan Toraja of upland Sulawesi, Indonesia have long been celebrated in the anthropological literature for their elaborate procession-filled mortuary rituals, which draw vast networks of kith and kin to mourn, memorialise, and reaffirm familial bonds and obligations. Whether residing in the homeland or abroad, most Torajans underscore funeral rites as the most vital expression of Toraja familial and cultural identity. Although some estimates suggest that more Torajans now reside off-island and overseas than remain in the homeland, extended familial funerals in the homeland continue to have a centripetal physical, economic and emotional pull. While various scholars have documented the …

This paper will examine the expressive culture of the Egyptian "revolution"--an event that began 25 January 2011 and reached a climax on 11 February 2011 with the resignation of Egyptian president Husni Mubarak. The outcome of this event is at this writing still unknown, however it is possible even at this early stage to examine the role of songs, poetry, political slogans, photographs, and video in communicating the movement's goals and ultimately mobilizing the Egyptian people.

The movement completely blind-sided all academic experts and even international intelligence. While the Tunisian "jasmine revolution" of early 2011 is credited as providing an …