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Architecture

Selected Works

2007

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Articles 1 - 30 of 70

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Saving The Inner Suburbs, Michael E Lewyn Nov 2007

Saving The Inner Suburbs, Michael E Lewyn

Michael E Lewyn

While Jacksonville's older, more walkable neighborhoods and its newest suburbs have been thriving, its 1950s and 1960s suburbs have been declining. This article analyzes the causes of (and possible solutions to) this problem.


El Desafío Político De Gobernar La Ciudad, Fernando Carrión Mena Nov 2007

El Desafío Político De Gobernar La Ciudad, Fernando Carrión Mena

Fernando Carrión Mena

Las ciudades latinoamericanas están cambiando. De la «ciudad frontera», con una lógica de urbanización basada en la expansión de las periferias y la metropolización industrial, se ha pasado a una «ciudad en red», resultado de la globalización, la reforma del Estado y los cambios demográficos. En este nuevo contexto, se perciben en la región dos modelos políticos de gobierno de la ciudad: el de la ciudad empresarial privada, que recurre al mercado para inyectarle eficiencia a la gestión urbana, y el de la ciudad inclusiva, basada en una revalorización del espacio público y la promoción de derechos. La exitosa experiencia …


Interrogatorio A La Descentralización Latinoamericana, Fernando Carrión Mena Oct 2007

Interrogatorio A La Descentralización Latinoamericana, Fernando Carrión Mena

Fernando Carrión Mena

En América Latina, el proceso de descentralización se inició con el quiebre de aguas que significó el retomo a la democracia, producido a fines de la década de los setenta y principios de la de los ochenta. Esto quiere decir que su existencia tiene no menos de 25 años, que nació de la mano de la redemocratización y que, por lo tanto, éste debería ser su signo.

Sin embargo, la descentralización también fue contemporánea de dos procesos simultáneos de reforma del Estado: el uno, de carácter político, que impulsó la llamada gobernabilidad por medio del fortalecimiento del presidencialismo y por …


Transformaciones Urbanas: 25 Años Después, Fernando Carrión Mena Oct 2007

Transformaciones Urbanas: 25 Años Después, Fernando Carrión Mena

Fernando Carrión Mena

En este último cuarto de siglo, en que el Diario Hoy ha sido testigo y actor privilegiado del convivir nacional, se ha producido un cambio estructural en el patrón de urbanización del Ecuador y en el desarrollo urbano de sus ciudades, que se puede caracterizar a través de los siguientes cuatro componentes fundamentales: 1. De rural a urbano 2. De municipio a gobierno local 3. De ciudad periférica a ciudad construida 4. La ciudad: un nuevo contexto


The Fall Of The 1977 Phillies: How A Baseball Team's Collapse Sank A City's Spirit, Mitchell J. Nathanson Sep 2007

The Fall Of The 1977 Phillies: How A Baseball Team's Collapse Sank A City's Spirit, Mitchell J. Nathanson

Mitchell J Nathanson

Too often, the Philadelphia sports fan has been dismissed as a lout, a boorish dolt immune to reason, his vocabulary whittled down to a singular “boo.” This is particularly true when it comes to Phillies fans, who are more likely to turn on their team than any other in the city. Although the Eagles, Sixers and Flyers may hear it from the rafters when they’re not going well, only the Phils will hear it when they are. The strained relationship between the city and the Phillies, however, has deep historical and sociological roots; roots that directly correlate with the city’s …


Sensory Gardens: Assessing Their Design And Use, Hazreena Hussein Sep 2007

Sensory Gardens: Assessing Their Design And Use, Hazreena Hussein

Hazreena Hussein

This study will consider the design and use of sensory gardens by evaluating the garden features that are utilised by users, especially children with special needs in special schools. They have been observed experiencing and engaging with the multisensory environment. Preliminary site studies were carried out in fourteen sensory gardens around the United Kingdom, recording the personal observations of the usability of these gardens and conducting individual interviews with teachers and key experts. Further data collection has included in-depth interviews and behavioural mapping. Environmental affordance theory will be studied in conjunction with this study. The findings will then be developed …


La Descentralización En El Ecuador: Opciones Comparadas, Fernando Carrión Mena Sep 2007

La Descentralización En El Ecuador: Opciones Comparadas, Fernando Carrión Mena

Fernando Carrión Mena

La Sede Ecuador de la Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales (FLACSO) y las instituciones abajo firmantes organizaron en diciembre de 2006, el seminario “Quince años de descentralización y autonomías en Ecuador”, cuyo objetivo central fue realizar un balance del recorrido de esta propuesta de reforma del Estado, y debatir sobre los derroteros previsibles hacia el futuro. La publicación que ahora ponemos a disposición, es producto de esas discusiones y debates.

Este libro aparece en un contexto decisivo en los procesos de descentralización de los países de la región andina, y sobre todo en Ecuador en donde próximamente se dará paso …


Reforma Policial: ¿Realidad Ineludible De Una Nueva Doctrina De Seguridad?, Fernando Carrión Mena Sep 2007

Reforma Policial: ¿Realidad Ineludible De Una Nueva Doctrina De Seguridad?, Fernando Carrión Mena

Fernando Carrión Mena

Un fantasma recorre América Latina: es el fantasma de una nueva doctrina de (in)seguridad. Todas las fuerzas de la vieja América Latina se han unido en esta santa cruzada para acosar juntas a este fantasma: la policía, la justicia, la cárcel, los gobiernos locales; la derecha y la izquierda; los opositores y los gobiernistas, la cooperación internacional y la población.

La población demanda seguridad, los políticos ofrecen su versión más represiva, la cooperación internacional está más presente que nunca, los Estados nacionales y subnacionales incrementan notablemente los recursos6, así como las propuestas de políticas se multiplican. Todos en esta cruzada, …


Five Myths About Sprawl , Michael E Lewyn Aug 2007

Five Myths About Sprawl , Michael E Lewyn

Michael E Lewyn

In Sprawl: A Compact History, Robert Bruegmann, an art historian, has painted a superficially convincing case for the status quo, asserting that sprawl is “a natural result of affluence that occurs in all urbanized societies.” Bruegmann's book has generated glowing media publicity. This article suggests that Bruegmann overestimates the universality of sprawl, by overlooking the differences between pedestrian-friendly cities with some sprawling development and cities in which automobile-dependent sprawl is the only choice available to most consumers. In addition, Bruegmann understates the harmful social effects of sprawl, especially the effect of automobile-dependent development upon non-drivers. Bruegmann also consistently underestimates the …


Web Du Bois And The "Negro Problem": Thoughts On Violence In Philadelphia, Amy Hillier Jul 2007

Web Du Bois And The "Negro Problem": Thoughts On Violence In Philadelphia, Amy Hillier

Amy Hillier

This sermon, delivered at First Unitarian Church of Philadelphia, might also be called "Why a white girl from New Hampshire is studying The Philadelphia Negro." This essay/sermon connects Du Bois's 1896 survey of Philadelphia to the violence currently plaguing Philadelphia.


Water Walls: An Effective Option For High Performance Buildings, David A. Bainbridge Jul 2007

Water Walls: An Effective Option For High Performance Buildings, David A. Bainbridge

David A Bainbridge

Water wall thermal mass has been proven over the last 40 years on a wide range of residential and commercial projects in temperate and cold climates. It provides better thermal comfort and more efficient energy transfer at reasonable cost.


How Government Regulation Forces Americans Into Their Cars: A Case Study, Michael E Lewyn Jun 2007

How Government Regulation Forces Americans Into Their Cars: A Case Study, Michael E Lewyn

Michael E Lewyn

Shows how zoning law in Jacksonville contributes to automobile dependence.


Spatial Heterogeneity And Transit Use, Bradley W. Lane, Takatsugu Kobayashi Jun 2007

Spatial Heterogeneity And Transit Use, Bradley W. Lane, Takatsugu Kobayashi

Bradley W. Lane

The results of investments in transit and redevelopment vary widely across space. To better understand the investment and use connection, this research analyzes the spatial characteristics of modal choice and land-use locally rather than globally. The proportion of people around stations using transit is modeled as a function of environmental variables, spatial proximity to transit, and spatial autocorrelation among those variables by using geographically weighted regression (GWR) on data from St. Louis, Missouri. The analysis generated spatially variant regression coefficients and R-square values that suggest significant spatial variation in the influence of neighborhood factors on modal choice.


¿Por Qué Todos Los Caminos Conducen A La Miseria Del Panóptico?, Fernando Carrión Mena May 2007

¿Por Qué Todos Los Caminos Conducen A La Miseria Del Panóptico?, Fernando Carrión Mena

Fernando Carrión Mena

Las libertades públicas y la seguridad ciudadana son dos caras de una misma moneda y son –a su vez- requisitos fundamentales para la convivencia social. Esto significa que son inseparables la una de la otra, en el sentido que hay una relación en la que “la seguridad y el orden son valores subordinados a las libertades” (Agirreazkuenaga, 1995). Pero también quiere decir que el respeto a la precedencia permite la tolerancia y la convivencia.

La seguridad ciudadana, como política pública, no puede limitar las libertades individuales. De allí que ninguna de las tres instituciones públicas como dispositivos disciplinarios (Foucault, 1989) …


Quito: Imagen Urbana, Espacio Público, Memoria E Identidad, Fernando Carrión Mena Apr 2007

Quito: Imagen Urbana, Espacio Público, Memoria E Identidad, Fernando Carrión Mena

Fernando Carrión Mena

Quito -como muchas de las urbes- es un palimpsesto, en el sentido que es una ciudad que tiene múltiples y simultáneas huellas superpuestas, todas venidas de los distintos tiempos que encarnan la heterogeneidad del desarrollo urbano. Esta característica ha hecho que propios y extraños construyan diversas y variadas lecturas de Quito, que es -a la vez- única y plural.

Así, tenemos lecturas venidas desde la literatura, donde se puede -a manera de ejemplo- resaltar los trabajos de Jorge Icaza e Iván Egüez sobre personajes urbanos como el Chulla Romero y Flores o La Linares; pero también los de Javier Vásconez …


Planners Gone Wild: The Overregulation Of Parking, Michael E Lewyn, Shane Cralle Mar 2007

Planners Gone Wild: The Overregulation Of Parking, Michael E Lewyn, Shane Cralle

Michael E Lewyn

A review of Donald Shoup's book, The High Cost of Free Parking (to be published in William Mitchell Law Review).


Watts My Line? Energy Generation Siting Strategies For Urban Areas, Caleb W. Christopher Feb 2007

Watts My Line? Energy Generation Siting Strategies For Urban Areas, Caleb W. Christopher

Caleb W Christopher

The growth of urban areas has historically been both constrained and encouraged by energy and related infrastructure. Varying degrees of regulation have been sought to respond to compelling public safety needs: more recently, modern environmental law system was derived from public conflicts over siting of an energy plant. While the greater urban density offers reduced per-capita energy consumption rates, contemporary urban revitalization has brought a greater amount of people into closer contact with their energy sources. The unique geography, and increased securities needs, of urban areas demand both reliability and local proximity in energy source production. Urban siting issues will …


Centum Homines: The Prototype Of The Alexander Mosaic And The Military Museum In The Hellenistic World, Peter Nulton Feb 2007

Centum Homines: The Prototype Of The Alexander Mosaic And The Military Museum In The Hellenistic World, Peter Nulton

Peter E. Nulton Ph.D.

Although it is generally accepted that the Alexander Mosaic copies a painting of the 4th Century BCE, the attribution of this prototype has never been settled. Numerous attempts have been made to associate it with painters recorded in Pliny's Natural History, notably Philoxenos of Eretria, and Alexander's court painter, Apelles.

If the painting were the work of any artist whose name survives, as strong a case can be made for Aristeides of Thebes as for Apelles or Philoxenos. Since Pliny's comment that Aristeides painted a battle against the Persians follows his treatment of the works of Apelles, he is likely …


Why Manage Terminology? Ten Quick Answers, Uwe Muegge Jan 2007

Why Manage Terminology? Ten Quick Answers, Uwe Muegge

Uwe Muegge

Terminology management is a hot topic these days. At the tcworld conference 2006, terminology had its own forum with hundreds of participants. And a number of highly visible institutions like the LISA Terminology Special Interest Group (SIG) has been evangelizing the development and use of standardized terminology in the business world for many years.


True Cost Accounting For A Post-Autistic Economy, David A. Bainbridge Jan 2007

True Cost Accounting For A Post-Autistic Economy, David A. Bainbridge

David A Bainbridge

True cost accounting includes all environmental and social costs. If these are neglected the market fails. The critical link between ecosystem and humanity and the price of goods has been ignored at our peril.


El Patrimonio Cultural De La Ciudad De Alicante: Avance Para Un Catálogo. Bienes Inmuebles., Pablo Rosser Jan 2007

El Patrimonio Cultural De La Ciudad De Alicante: Avance Para Un Catálogo. Bienes Inmuebles., Pablo Rosser

pablo rosser

Primer avance de fichas patrimoniales sobre el patrimonio cultural de Alicante, en su aspecto de Bienes inmuebles.


Form And Meaning In The Earliest Cities: A New Approach To Ancient Urban Planning, Michael E. Smith Jan 2007

Form And Meaning In The Earliest Cities: A New Approach To Ancient Urban Planning, Michael E. Smith

Michael E Smith

This paper won the Catherine Bauer Wurster Prize for the “Best Scholarly Article on American Planning History” for 2007 by the Society for American City and Regional Planning History.


Globalization, Regional Economic Policy And Research, Edward Feser Jan 2007

Globalization, Regional Economic Policy And Research, Edward Feser

Edward J Feser

This paper considers two questions. First, are there unique implications of growing global economic integration for development planning and policy making at the city and regional level? Key issues include whether globalization is appreciably different today than it used to be and whether it means anything more, from the perspective of a given city or region, than heightened competition for resident industries and related challenges of more rapid macro-regional structural change and adjustment. Second, what kinds of spatial empirical research and model building would be most valuable to regional policy makers faced with designing programs and making specific allocative investment …


U.S. Regional Economic Fragmentation & Integration: Selected Empirical Evidence And Implications, Edward J. Feser, Geoffrey Hewings Jan 2007

U.S. Regional Economic Fragmentation & Integration: Selected Empirical Evidence And Implications, Edward J. Feser, Geoffrey Hewings

Edward J Feser

The emergence of ten U.S. megaregions—increasingly contiguous spaces of high density development and population capturing a high share of U.S. economic activity—raises the question of appropriate scales for local, state and federal policy and how regional planning as a practice can adapt to an extended and, in some cases, almost continuous economic integration over space (RPA, 2006). Notions of cities as functional economic areas, more or less distinct spaces that operate as independent economic units, are less and less tenable as the basis for planning and policy making. At the same time, the megaregion phenomenon does not necessarily imply that …


Encouraging Broadband Deployment From The Bottom Up, Edward J. Feser Jan 2007

Encouraging Broadband Deployment From The Bottom Up, Edward J. Feser

Edward J Feser

State governments that have elected to make investments to increase the availability of affordable broadband service in rural areas and low income urban neighborhoods should organize their efforts around a strategy that encourages and leverages locally-driven initiatives, rather than follow a top-down approach that seeks to identify and close all broadband service gaps in a comprehensive fashion. A bottom-up approach to state broadband policy has three major advantages. First, it is a conservative policy response in an economic arena in which the appropriate role of the public sector is highly contested and in which private sector deployment is proceeding rapidly, …


New Urbanism As A New Modernist Movement: A Comparative Look At Modernism And New Urbanism, Clara Irazabal Jan 2007

New Urbanism As A New Modernist Movement: A Comparative Look At Modernism And New Urbanism, Clara Irazabal

Clara Irazabal

This article situates New Urbanism, and neotraditionalism more generally, on the ideological continuum of Modernism — as a neo-Modernist movement. By comparing the social and environmental goals of Modernism and New Urbanism as laid out in their respective charters and questioning the ability of New Urbanism to achieve its goals where Modernism failed, it offers a contextual analysis of the motivations behind the movements and their implications in practice. It then presents the cities of Brasilia, in Brazil, and Celebration, in the United States, as examples of the difficulty of putting the altruistic rhetoric of Modernism and New Urbanism, respectively, …


Constitutional Reforms In Venezuela Foretell A Planning Revolution, Clara Irazabal Jan 2007

Constitutional Reforms In Venezuela Foretell A Planning Revolution, Clara Irazabal

Clara Irazabal

The National Assembly of Venezuela is discussing a proposal by President Hugo Chávez to change thirty-three of the 350 articles of the Constitution of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela. The proposed changes would create new forms of land tenure and restructure the nation’s governance system, both of which are essential to urban planning. The changes attempt to address the obstacles posed by a corrupt and ineffective bureaucracy created largely as a result of the huge surplus from Venezuela’s petroleum- dependent economy. The bureaucracy has often paralyzed and sabotaged the revolutionary process. The Venezuelan Bolivarian Revolution has often been criticized for …


Entertainment-Retail Centres In Hong Kong And Los Angeles: Trends And Lessons, Clara Irazabal, Surajit Chakravarty Jan 2007

Entertainment-Retail Centres In Hong Kong And Los Angeles: Trends And Lessons, Clara Irazabal, Surajit Chakravarty

Clara Irazabal

This paper examines the evolution and recent trends in the design of Entertainment Retail Centres (ERCs) in Los Angeles and Hong Kong. Most of the literature on spaces of consumption and leisure deals with economic reasons for the development of these spaces, and with the social, cultural, and political implications of the phenomenon. There are limitations to this approach that this study addresses. First, there has been a lack of attention to processes of globalization in the analysis of these spaces. Furthermore, a largely US-centred approach has left out an understanding of the significance of the ERC phenomenon in other …


Kitsch Is Dead, Long Live Kitsch: The Production Of Hyperkitsch In Las Vegas, Clara Irazabal Jan 2007

Kitsch Is Dead, Long Live Kitsch: The Production Of Hyperkitsch In Las Vegas, Clara Irazabal

Clara Irazabal

This study investigates the production ofhyperreality and kitsch in the latest generation of hotel-casino developments in Las Vegas. In these environments, visual imagery is manipulated for the creation of spectacle and a sense of alienation from time and reality. This suspension of real time and space is aimed at both facilitating the production of a simulated environment as "natural" and producing ideal sites for pleasure and consumption. Building upon the concepts of hyperreality and kitsch, this study proposes the framework of hyperkitsch to understand Las Vegas ' contribution to contemporary urbanization. Through four case studies, this paper suggests that the …


Bounded Tourism: Immigrant Politics, Consumption, And Traditions At Plaza Mexico, Clara Irazabal Jan 2007

Bounded Tourism: Immigrant Politics, Consumption, And Traditions At Plaza Mexico, Clara Irazabal

Clara Irazabal

Conceived and owned by Korean investors, the shopping mall Plaza Mexico in Southern California embodies a unique case of invention and commodi!cation of traditions for locally-bound immigrants and US citizens of Mexican descent, showing the force of the contemporary processes of deterritorialisation and reterritorilisation of identities and the recreations of imagined conceptions of homeland. The Plaza is a unique architectural recreation of Mexican regional and national icons that make its patrons feel ‘as if you were in Mexico’. Plaza Mexico produces a space of diasporic, bounded tourism, whereby venture capitalists opportunistically reinvent tradition within a structural context of constrained immigrant …