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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Bilingual Interactional Contexts Predict Executive Functions In Older Adults, Hwajin Yang, Yue Qi Germaine Tng, Gilaine Rui Ng, Wee Qin Ng
Bilingual Interactional Contexts Predict Executive Functions In Older Adults, Hwajin Yang, Yue Qi Germaine Tng, Gilaine Rui Ng, Wee Qin Ng
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Drawing on the adaptive control hypothesis, we examined whether older adults' bilingual interactional contexts of conversational exchanges would predict important indices of executive functions (EF). We assessed participants' engagement in each bilingual interactional context - single-language, dual-language, and dense code-switching - and their performance on a series of nonverbal EF measures. Sixty-nine healthy older adults (M-age = 70.39 years; ages 60-93) were recruited from local community centers. We found that the dense code-switching context was associated with enhanced overall EF, but not individual facets of EF (inhibitory control, shifting, and updating). These findings held true when we controlled for a …
Mitigation Of A Prospective Association Between Early Language Delay At Toddlerhood And Adhd Among Bilingual Preschoolers: Evidence From The Gusto Cohort, Shaun K. Y. Goh, Hwajin Yang, Stella Tsotsi, Anqi Qiu, Yap-Seng Chong, Kok Hian Tan, Lynette Shek, Birit F. P. Broekman, Anne Rifkin-Graboi
Mitigation Of A Prospective Association Between Early Language Delay At Toddlerhood And Adhd Among Bilingual Preschoolers: Evidence From The Gusto Cohort, Shaun K. Y. Goh, Hwajin Yang, Stella Tsotsi, Anqi Qiu, Yap-Seng Chong, Kok Hian Tan, Lynette Shek, Birit F. P. Broekman, Anne Rifkin-Graboi
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
There is accumulating evidence of a prospective relation between early language problems and ADHD, a disorder associated with deficits in executive functioning. However, little is known regarding this link among bilingual children. Here, we investigate whether (i) the prediction from language to ADHD may be lower among bilinguals, and (ii) explore if this moderation can be explained by differential executive functioning ability. Utilising a prospective sample of 408 South-East Asian toddlers, bilingual exposure as a moderator of the link between language delay at 24 months to ADHD intermediate diagnosis at 54 months was first examined with an interaction model. Next, …
Bilingualism Confers Advantages In Task Switching: Evidence From The Dimensional Change Card Sort Task, Hwajin Yang, Andree Hartanto, Sujin Yang
Bilingualism Confers Advantages In Task Switching: Evidence From The Dimensional Change Card Sort Task, Hwajin Yang, Andree Hartanto, Sujin Yang
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
We examined the influence of bilingualism on task switching by inspecting various markers for task-switching costs. English monolinguals and Korean–English bilinguals completed a modified Dimensional Change Card Sort task based on a nonverbal task-switching paradigm. We found advantages for Korean–English bilinguals in terms of smaller single-task (pure-block) switch costs and greater reactivation benefits than those of English monolinguals. However, bilingual advantages in mixing costs were relatively weak, and the two groups did not differ on local switch costs. Notably, when we approximated the cue-based priming effect in single-task (pure) blocks, we found no evidence that the locus of bilingual advantages …
The Role Of Bilingual Interactional Contexts In Predicting Interindividual Variability In Executive Functions: A Latent Variable Analysis, Andree Hartanto
The Role Of Bilingual Interactional Contexts In Predicting Interindividual Variability In Executive Functions: A Latent Variable Analysis, Andree Hartanto
Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)
Despite a huge number of studies examining bilingual advantages in executive functions (EFs), the research findings with regards to the relations between bilingualism and EFs are mostly inconsistent and mixed. In order to shed light on these inconsistent findings, the current research aimed to tackle on both conceptual and methodological limitations that are prevalent in previous studies, namely: (a) failure to consider bilingual experiences in assessing bilingual advantages, and (b) task impurity due to substantial influence of non-EFs processes on EFs task performance. Based on Adaptive Control Hypothesis and Control Process Model of Code-switching, a theory-driven multisession study coupled with …
Bilingualism Positively Predicts Mathematical Competence: Evidence From Two Large-Scale Studies, Andree Hartanto, Hwajin Yang, Sujin Yang
Bilingualism Positively Predicts Mathematical Competence: Evidence From Two Large-Scale Studies, Andree Hartanto, Hwajin Yang, Sujin Yang
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Although little is known about the link between bilingualism and mathematical achievement in children, the established link between executive functions (EFs) and mathematical achievement suggests that bilingualism—which has been shown to affect EFs—may positively predict math skills. Drawing on two large-scale datasets collected in the US—the Multi-State Study of Pre-Kindergarten and the State-Wide Early Education Programs (Study 1) and the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study (Study 2)—we examined the relation between bilingualism and mathematical achievement among preschoolers, kindergarteners, and first-grade students (ages 4–7), while controlling for key covariates of (a) demographic variables, such as age, gender, race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic status; and …