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Articles 1 - 30 of 280
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Paranormal Activity In West Virginia, Marty Laubach
Paranormal Activity In West Virginia, Marty Laubach
Marty Laubach
Follow the Mountain State Spirit Seekers Society as they hunt ghosts at Moundsville State Prison; bigfoot hunters in Dolly Sods with Virginia Sasquatch Watch; and Point Pleasant's mysterious Mothman.
“These Young Chaps Think They Are Just Men, Too”: Redistributing Masculinity In Kgatleng Bars, David Suggs
“These Young Chaps Think They Are Just Men, Too”: Redistributing Masculinity In Kgatleng Bars, David Suggs
David Suggs
In the 19th century the BaKgatla polity was a chiefdom with a redistributional economy based on mixed agriculture. Sorghum beer was symbolic not only of the patrilineal core of their descent system and of the ideologies of reciprocity and redistribution, but also of masculinity and patriarchal control. With the establishment of a market economy, an industrial brewery and individual access to income, both beer and the act of drinking have been symbolically reconstructed. The ideology of redistribution was well suited to the support of the BaKgatla gerontocracy via alcohol production and consumption. The limits on production and consumption of beer …
Chicle: The Chewing Gum Of The Americas, From The Ancient Maya To William Wrigley, Jennifer Mathews, Gillian Schultz
Chicle: The Chewing Gum Of The Americas, From The Ancient Maya To William Wrigley, Jennifer Mathews, Gillian Schultz
Jennifer P Mathews
Although Juicy Fruit® gum was introduced to North Americans in 1893, Native Americans in Mesoamerica were chewing gum thousands of years earlier. And although in the last decade “biographies” have been devoted to salt, spices, chocolate, coffee, and other staples of modern life, until now there has never been a full history of chewing gum. Chicle is a history in four acts, all of them focused on the sticky white substance that seeps from the sapodilla tree when its bark is cut. First, Jennifer Mathews recounts the story of chicle and its earliest-known adherents, the Maya and Aztecs. Second, with …
Jungle Rails: A Historic Narrow-Gauge Railway In Quintana Roo, Jennifer Mathews, Lilia Lizama-Rogers
Jungle Rails: A Historic Narrow-Gauge Railway In Quintana Roo, Jennifer Mathews, Lilia Lizama-Rogers
Jennifer P Mathews
Whereas much of this volume is focused on the ancient Maya, this chapter will highlight the historic chicle industry; the associated railway that traversed the northern corner of Quintana Roo, Mexico; and the recent documentation of the feature through archaeological fieldwork. We believe this to be an important slice of history in Quintana Roo because the lives of the modern Maya often lie in the shadow of their ancient ancestors. Since 1997, members of the Yalahau Regional Human Ecology Project have been studying the 40 km railway, which runs between the modern pueblos of Leona Vicario and Puerto Morelos (Mathews …
Cosmopolitan Living? Examining The Sugar And Rum Industry Of The Costa Escondida, Quintana Roo Mexico, Jennifer Mathews, John Gust
Cosmopolitan Living? Examining The Sugar And Rum Industry Of The Costa Escondida, Quintana Roo Mexico, Jennifer Mathews, John Gust
Jennifer P Mathews
No abstract provided.
El Proyecto Regional De Ecología Humana Yalahau: Una Introducción A Las Investigaciones Y Los Resúmes De Estudios Llevados Acabo Desde 1993-2000, Scott Fedick, Jennifer Mathews, Bethany Morrison
El Proyecto Regional De Ecología Humana Yalahau: Una Introducción A Las Investigaciones Y Los Resúmes De Estudios Llevados Acabo Desde 1993-2000, Scott Fedick, Jennifer Mathews, Bethany Morrison
Jennifer P Mathews
No abstract provided.
The Value Of Things: Commodities In The Maya Region From Prehistoric To Contemporary, Jennifer Mathews, Thomas Guderjan
The Value Of Things: Commodities In The Maya Region From Prehistoric To Contemporary, Jennifer Mathews, Thomas Guderjan
Jennifer P Mathews
No abstract provided.
The Hidden World Of The Maritime Maya: Lost Landscapes Along The North Coast Of Quintana Roo, Mexico, Jeffrey Glover, Dominique Rissolo, Jennifer Mathews
The Hidden World Of The Maritime Maya: Lost Landscapes Along The North Coast Of Quintana Roo, Mexico, Jeffrey Glover, Dominique Rissolo, Jennifer Mathews
Jennifer P Mathews
At the northeast tip of the Yucatán Peninsula - where the Caribbean meets the Gulf of Mexico - lies a wild and largely unexplored coastline that bore witness to one of the greatest seafaring traditions of the ancient New World (Fig. 11.1). Maya traders once plied the waters of the Laguna Holbox in massive dugout canoes filled with goods from across Mesoamerica (Thompson 1949; Edwards 1973, p. 201; Romero 1991; Romero and Gurrola Briones 1991, 1995; Leshikar 1996). Each port was a link in a chain connecting people and ideas, and supporting the ambitions of city and state. Maritime trade …
Uaxactun, Jennifer Mathews
Uaxactun, Jennifer Mathews
Jennifer P Mathews
Sylvanus Morley of the Carnegie Institution of Washington discovered the ancient Maya site of Uaxactun (17.4° N, 89.6° W) in 1916 (see also Map 3). He soon encountered a stela (upright stone monument) with the Long Count date 8.14.10.13.15, April 11, AD 328 (see also Calendar). Since this was the first monument with a cycle 8 glyph ever found, he named the site "Uaxactun" from the Maya uaxac, meaning "eight," and tun, meaning "stone." In addition to Morley, a number of notable Carnegie Institution archaeologists worked at the site, including Frans Blom, Oliver Ricketson, A. Ledyard Smith, and Edwin Shook. …
Tenth To Thirteenth Centuries: Peak Of Post-Classical Maya Culture (Chichén Itzá), Jennifer Mathews
Tenth To Thirteenth Centuries: Peak Of Post-Classical Maya Culture (Chichén Itzá), Jennifer Mathews
Jennifer P Mathews
No abstract provided.
San Bartolo, Jennifer Mathews
San Bartolo, Jennifer Mathews
Jennifer P Mathews
The ancient Maya site of San Bartolo (17.5° N, 89.4° W) was a regional capital located approximately 30 km northeast of Uaxactun in the Department of the Petén, Guatemala (see also Map 3). It is located within the 430 km² San Bartolo-Xultun Territory, which is dominated by bajos (seasonally inundated swamps or wetlands), forming a natural boundary around the area. These bajos are filled with stunted vegetation, including the palo de tinte tree, which the Maya harvested and used as a natural dye. The territory also contains many aguadas (ponds that have been modified by humans) and chert sources, which …
Privateering, Piracy And British Policy In Spanish America 1810-1830 [Review], Jennifer Mathews
Privateering, Piracy And British Policy In Spanish America 1810-1830 [Review], Jennifer Mathews
Jennifer P Mathews
No abstract provided.
Archaeologists Working With The Contemporary Yucatec Maya, Dominique Rissolo, Jennifer Mathews
Archaeologists Working With The Contemporary Yucatec Maya, Dominique Rissolo, Jennifer Mathews
Jennifer P Mathews
The nature of an archaeological project often requires that researchers establish a temporary residence in a local community. Concern for conditions that affect, and are affected by, their presence in this new place and space is often considered peripheral to the task of realizing research objectives. In fact, many archaeologists would admit to enjoying a certain sense of security in their perceived temporal, and therefore legitimized, dislocation from their object of study. In the most extreme cases, an archaeologist might resemble a geologist – extracting, observing, or examining symbolically inert physical material with little regard to contemporary cultural contexts.
Lifeways In The Northern Maya Lowlands: New Approaches To Archaeology In The Yucatán Peninsula, Jennifer Mathews, Bethany Morrison
Lifeways In The Northern Maya Lowlands: New Approaches To Archaeology In The Yucatán Peninsula, Jennifer Mathews, Bethany Morrison
Jennifer P Mathews
The flat, dry reaches of the northern Yucatan Peninsula have been largely ignored by archaeologists drawn to the more illustrious sites of the south. This book is the first volume to focus entirely on the northern Maya lowlands, presenting a broad cross-section of current research projects in the region by both established and up-and-coming scholars. To address the heretofore unrecognized importance of the northern lowlands in Maya prehistory, the contributors cover key topics relevant to Maya studies: the environmental and historical significance of the region, the archaeology of both large and small sites, the development of agriculture, resource management, ancient …
The Yalahau Regional Human Ecology Project: An Introduction And Summary Of Recent Research, Scott Fedick, Jennifer Mathews
The Yalahau Regional Human Ecology Project: An Introduction And Summary Of Recent Research, Scott Fedick, Jennifer Mathews
Jennifer P Mathews
The Yalahau Regional Human Ecology Project was initiated in 1993 to investigate ancient Maya settlement patterns, land use, and political organization within a unique wetland-dominated environmental region of northern Quintana Roo, Mexico (see fig. 2.1). Although the Yucatán Peninsula has seen a great deal of archaeological research over the last several decades, the northeastern corner has been one of the least examined areas of the northern Maya lowlands. Prior to the initiation of the Yalahau project, little archaeological investigation had been conducted in the region beyond brief visits and preliminary investigations by Alberto Escalona Ramos in 1937 (1946), William Sanders …
Artículos De Costa: Las Industrias Extractivas De Fines Del Siglo Xix Y Principios Del Siglo Xx En El Norte De Quintana Roo, México, Jennifer Mathews, Stephanie Croatt, John Gust
Artículos De Costa: Las Industrias Extractivas De Fines Del Siglo Xix Y Principios Del Siglo Xx En El Norte De Quintana Roo, México, Jennifer Mathews, Stephanie Croatt, John Gust
Jennifer P Mathews
No abstract provided.
Archaeology Meccas Of Tourism: Exploration, Protection, And Exploitation, Quetzil Castañeda, Jennifer Mathews
Archaeology Meccas Of Tourism: Exploration, Protection, And Exploitation, Quetzil Castañeda, Jennifer Mathews
Jennifer P Mathews
This chapter is divided into two distinct sections that are positioned in a point-counterpoint structure of dialogue. These two position statements invoke the etymological meanings of the word essay: to attempt, put to the test, trial, to act out, to explore, travel, or to travail. The first is an historical analysis written in the third person by an anthropologist whose expertise includes the ethnography of archaeology and the anthropology of tourism. The second is a counterpoint commentary written by an anthropologist whose specializations include Pre-Columbian and historical archaeology. Both of us have significant research experience in the same area of …
Late Formative And Early Classic Interaction Spheres Reflected In The Megalithic Styles, Jennifer Mathews, Rubén Cárdenas
Late Formative And Early Classic Interaction Spheres Reflected In The Megalithic Styles, Jennifer Mathews, Rubén Cárdenas
Jennifer P Mathews
Interpreting the politics of the Late Formative and Early Classic periods has special challenges. This chapter examines the topic in the Yucatán Peninsula through the concept of the interaction sphere, as reflected in shared architectural styles.
Yalahau Region, Jennifer Mathews
Yalahau Region, Jennifer Mathews
Jennifer P Mathews
This 3,000-km² region is located in northern Quintana Roo, Mexico, in the northeastern corner of the Yucatan Peninsula. The boundary of this region runs from the north coast 75 km southward, is 40 km wide, and is defined primarily by its unique water resources. It is characterized by a karstic limestone platform that contains only a few small lakes and no surface rivers. Despite this, it has the most abundant water sources of the entire peninsula. First, it receives the greatest annual rainfall of the northern Maya lowlands (up to 2,000 mm), which recharges an underground aquifer and contributes …
A Tale Of Two Projects: Comparative Findings Of The Cras And Yalahau Projects, Jennifer Mathews
A Tale Of Two Projects: Comparative Findings Of The Cras And Yalahau Projects, Jennifer Mathews
Jennifer P Mathews
I have worked with Justine M. Shaw in the Yucatán peninsula for more than 20 years, and it is a real pleasure to see the summation of her project's work thus far in this edited volume. As codirector of the Yalahau Regional Human Ecology Project (with Scott Fedick), I have worked to the north of the CRAS project in the Yalahau region of Quintana Roo. The CRAS and Yalahau projects have shared a similar trajectory for many years. Although both projects have focused several seasons on individual sites (for example, El Naranjal, T'isil, Vista Alegre, and Xuxub in the Yalahu …
Quintana Roo Archaeology, Justine Shaw, Jennifer Mathews
Quintana Roo Archaeology, Justine Shaw, Jennifer Mathews
Jennifer P Mathews
Mexico’s southern state of Quintana Roo is often perceived by archaeologists as a blank spot on the map of the Maya world, a region generally assumed to hold little of interest thanks to its relative isolation from the rest of Mexico. But salvage archaeology required by recent development along the “Maya Riviera,” along with a suite of other ongoing and recent research projects, have shown that the region was critical in connecting coastal and inland zones, and it is now viewed as an important area in its own right from Preclassic through post-contact times. The first volume devoted to the …
Chichén Itzá, Jennifer Mathews
Ways Of War In The Americas: Mayas And Aztecs (Ad 700-1500), Jennifer Mathews
Ways Of War In The Americas: Mayas And Aztecs (Ad 700-1500), Jennifer Mathews
Jennifer P Mathews
No abstract provided.
Chicle, Jennifer Mathews
How To Argue With A Computer: Hiv/Aids, Numbers, And The Form Of The Future In Contemporary Vietnam, Alfred Montoya
How To Argue With A Computer: Hiv/Aids, Numbers, And The Form Of The Future In Contemporary Vietnam, Alfred Montoya
Alfred Montoya
This article explores the collection, compilation and circulation of contested quantitative data within an emerging HIV/AIDS apparatus in Vietnam, a United States–led apparatus that prioritizes indicators of performance, fiscal efficiency, and quantitative measures of program effectiveness. In Vietnam, as in many places, biological and behavioral surveillance data are virtually always incomplete and contestable, even as such data has become an essential driver of funding and programming. Experts in Vietnam have developed tentative systems by which such data are “negotiated” into usable forms. Such data are then deployed in computer models to determine funding allocations and select target populations and interventions …
From “The People” To “The Human”: Hiv/Aids, Neoliberalism, And The Economy Of Virtue In Contemporary Vietnam, Alfred Montoya
From “The People” To “The Human”: Hiv/Aids, Neoliberalism, And The Economy Of Virtue In Contemporary Vietnam, Alfred Montoya
Alfred Montoya
Drawing on archival research and fieldwork conducted in Ho Chi Minh City and its environs in 2007–2008, this article examines a shift from a moral-economic model of protection/patronage turning on the long-standing figure of “the People,” to a biopolitical mechanism of power deploying neoliberal practices and technologies centered on a new figure, here instantiated as “the Human.” In Vietnam in the early 2000s, an older social-evils-based HIV/AIDS apparatus was destabilized by new epidemiological conditions, a reproblematization of epidemic disease after SARS, and the arrival of PEPFAR. Building on literature concerning global humanitarian intervention, I argue that in Vietnam HIV/AIDS prevention …
Sea Snake Harvest In The Gulf Of Thailand, Nguyen Cao, Nguyen Tao, Amelia Moore, Alfred Montoya, Arnie Rasmussen, Kenneth Broad, Harold Voris, Zoltan Takacs
Sea Snake Harvest In The Gulf Of Thailand, Nguyen Cao, Nguyen Tao, Amelia Moore, Alfred Montoya, Arnie Rasmussen, Kenneth Broad, Harold Voris, Zoltan Takacs
Alfred Montoya
Conservation of sea snakes is virtually nonexistent in Asia, and its role in human–snake interactions in terms of catch, trade, and snakebites as an occupational hazard is mostly unexplored. We collected data on sea snake landings from the Gulf of Thailand, a hotspot for sea snake harvest by squid fishers operating out of the ports of Song Doc and Khanh Hoi, Ca Mau Province, Vietnam. The data were collected during documentation of the steps of the trading process and through interviewers with participants in the trade. Squid vessels return to ports once per lunar synodic cycle and fishers sell snakes …
Ethnographers In The Library, Angi Faiks, Dianna Shandy
Ethnographers In The Library, Angi Faiks, Dianna Shandy
Angi Faiks
No abstract provided.
Everything Gardens And Other Stories: Growing Transition Culture, Luigi Russi
Everything Gardens And Other Stories: Growing Transition Culture, Luigi Russi
Luigi Russi
The Transition movement is more than an instrumental strategy to address climate change and fossil fuel shortage. It is a collective form of life. Against the tendency to reduce social movements to mission statements and policy solutions, this book insists on de-strategising the development of Transition. It argues that the flourishing of its distinctive culture is open to both uncertainty and paradox, and resistant to prediction and mapping. Everything Gardens and Other Stories focuses instead on the body as the site where politics begins, engaging with the disquiets and anxieties that instigate the development of Transition practices: from Inner Transition, …
Everyday Life In Southeast Asia, Kathleen Adams
Everyday Life In Southeast Asia, Kathleen Adams
Kathleen M. Adams
This lively survey of the peoples, cultures, and societies of Southeast Asia introduces a region of tremendous geographic, linguistic, historical, and religious diversity. Encompassing both mainland and island countries, these engaging essays describe personhood and identity, family and household organization, nation-states, religion, popular culture and the arts, the legacies of war and recovery, globalization, and the environment. Throughout, the focus is on the daily lives and experiences of ordinary people. Most of the essays are original to this volume, while a few are widely taught classics.