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Environmental Health and Protection Commons™
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- Research and Technical Reports (25)
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- American Oyster Diseaeses (17)
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- Exposure assessment; organophosphate flame retardants (OFRs); spray polyurethane foam (SPF); sprayers; TCPP (TCIPP); TDCPP (1)
- Firefighters; flame-retardants; hoods; laundering; PAHs; PBDEs (1)
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Articles 1 - 30 of 36
Full-Text Articles in Environmental Health and Protection
Assessment Of Spray Polyurethane Foam Worker Exposure To Organophosphate Flame Retardants Through Measures In Air, Hand Wipes, And Urine, Cf Estill, J Slone, Et Al, Mark J. La Guardia, Et Al
Assessment Of Spray Polyurethane Foam Worker Exposure To Organophosphate Flame Retardants Through Measures In Air, Hand Wipes, And Urine, Cf Estill, J Slone, Et Al, Mark J. La Guardia, Et Al
VIMS Articles
Tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TCPP, also referenced as TCIPP), a flame retardant used in spray polyurethane foam insulation, increases cell toxicity and affects fetal development. Spray polyurethane foam workers have the potential to be exposed to TCPP during application. In this study, we determined exposure to TCPP and concentrations of the urinary biomarker bis(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BCPP) among 29 spray polyurethane foam workers over 2 work days. Work was conducted at residential or commercial facilities using both open-cell (low density) and closed-cell (high density) foam. Study participants provided two personal air samples (Day 1 and Day 2), two hand wipe samples (Pre-shift Day …
The Problem Of Failing Septic Systems, Center For Coastal Resources Management, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science.
The Problem Of Failing Septic Systems, Center For Coastal Resources Management, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science.
Reports
Rivers & Coast is a periodic publication of the Center for Coastal Resources Management, Virginia Institute of Marine Science. The goal of Rivers & Coast is to keep readers well informed of current scientific understanding behind key environmental issues related to watershed rivers and coastal ecosystems of the Chesapeake Bay.
Firefighter Hood Contamination: Efficiency Of Laundering To Remove Pahs And Frs, Ac Mayer, Kw Fent, S Bertke, Gp Horn, Dl Smith, K Kerber, Mark J. La Guardia
Firefighter Hood Contamination: Efficiency Of Laundering To Remove Pahs And Frs, Ac Mayer, Kw Fent, S Bertke, Gp Horn, Dl Smith, K Kerber, Mark J. La Guardia
VIMS Articles
Firefighters are occupationally exposed to products of combustion containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and flame retardants (FRs), potentially contributing to their increased risk for certain cancers. Personal protective equipment (PPE), including firefighter hoods, helps to reduce firefighters’exposure to toxic substances during fire responses by providing a layer of material on which contaminants deposit prior to reaching the firefighters skin.However, over time hoods that retain some contamination may actually contribute to fire-fighters’systemic dose. We investigated the effectiveness of laundering to reduce or remove contamination on the hoods, specifically PAHs and three classes of FRs: polybrominateddiphenyl ethers (PBDEs), non-PBDE flame retardants (NPBFRs), …
Plastic As A Habitat For Bacteria And Human Pathogens. Subjects: Life Science / Biology Grades: 6-8, Amanda Laverty
Plastic As A Habitat For Bacteria And Human Pathogens. Subjects: Life Science / Biology Grades: 6-8, Amanda Laverty
Reports
This lesson plan invites 7th grade life science students to investigate marine plastic pollution as a habitat for bacteria and human pathogens. Students will examine the hazards of marine plastic pollution and learn about current science. They will have the opportunity to use data to create graphs and discuss patterns.
2016 Greenhouse Gas Inventory Report: Virginia Institute Of Marine Science, Green Team, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science, Pamela Braff, Elisabeth Clyne, Andrew J. Johnson, Patricia S. Thibodeau, Kelley Uhlig
2016 Greenhouse Gas Inventory Report: Virginia Institute Of Marine Science, Green Team, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science, Pamela Braff, Elisabeth Clyne, Andrew J. Johnson, Patricia S. Thibodeau, Kelley Uhlig
Reports
During summer 2016 the VIMS Green Team completed an inventory of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) Gloucester Point campus during FY2015. GHG emissions were estimated using the Campus Carbon Calculator maintained by the Sustainability Institute at the University of New Hampshire, and compared to a previous GHG audit from FY2010.
Climate Change As Migration Driver From Rural And Urban Mexico, Raphael J. Nawrotzki, Lori M. Hunter, Daniel Runfola, Fernando Riosmena
Climate Change As Migration Driver From Rural And Urban Mexico, Raphael J. Nawrotzki, Lori M. Hunter, Daniel Runfola, Fernando Riosmena
Arts & Sciences Articles
Studies investigating migration as a response to climate variability have largely focused on rural locations to the exclusion of urban areas. This lack of urban focus is unfortunate given the sheer numbers of urban residents and continuing high levels of urbanization. To begin filling this empirical gap, this study investigates climate change impacts on US-bound migration from rural and urban Mexico, 1986–1999. We employ geostatistical interpolation methods to construct two climate change indices, capturing warm and wet spell duration, based on daily temperature and precipitation readings for 214 weather stations across Mexico. In combination with detailed migration histories obtained from …
Marine Debris & Microplastics: Sources & Solutions For Coastal Virginia, Center For Coastal Resources Management, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science
Marine Debris & Microplastics: Sources & Solutions For Coastal Virginia, Center For Coastal Resources Management, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science
Reports
Rivers & Coast is a periodic publication of the Center for Coastal Resources Management, Virginia Institute of Marine Science. The goal of Rivers & Coast is to keep readers well informed of current scientific understanding behind key environmental issues related to watershed rivers and coastal ecosystems of the Chesapeake Bay.
Undocumented Migration In Response To Climate Change, Raphael J. Nawrotzki, Fernando Riosmena, Lori M. Hunter, Daniel Runfola
Undocumented Migration In Response To Climate Change, Raphael J. Nawrotzki, Fernando Riosmena, Lori M. Hunter, Daniel Runfola
Arts & Sciences Articles
In the face of climate change-induced economic uncertainties, households may em-ploy migration as an adaptation strategy to diversify their livelihood portfolio through remit-tances. However, it is unclear whether such climate-related migration will be documented or undocumented. In this study we combined detailed migration histories with daily temperature and precipitation information from 214 weather stations to investigate whether climate change more strongly impacted undocumented or documented migrations from 68 rural Mexican mu-nicipalities to the U.S. from 1986−1999. We employed two measures of climate change, the warm spell duration index (WSDI) and precipitation during extremely wet days (R99PTOT). Results from multi-level event-history …
Recurrent Flooding Study For Tidewater Virginia, Molly Mitchell, Carl Hershner, Julie Herman, Daniel E. Schatt, Emily Eggington, Center For Coastal Resources Management, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science
Recurrent Flooding Study For Tidewater Virginia, Molly Mitchell, Carl Hershner, Julie Herman, Daniel E. Schatt, Emily Eggington, Center For Coastal Resources Management, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science
Reports
No abstract provided.
Simulation Of Coastal Inundation Instigated By Storm Surge And River Discharge In The Chesapeake Bay Using Sub-Grid Modeling Coupled With Lidar Data, J. D. Loftis, H. V. Wang
Simulation Of Coastal Inundation Instigated By Storm Surge And River Discharge In The Chesapeake Bay Using Sub-Grid Modeling Coupled With Lidar Data, J. D. Loftis, H. V. Wang
Presentations
Sub-grid modeling is a novel method by which water level elevations on the sub-grid level can be obtained through the combination of water levels and velocities efficiently calculated at the coarse computational grid, the discretized bathymetric depths, and local friction parameters without resorting to solve the full set of equations. Sub-grid technology essentially allows velocity to be determined rationally and efficiently at the sub-grid level. This salient feature enables coastal flooding to be addressed in a single cross-scale model from the ocean to the upstream river channel without overly refining the grid resolution. To this end, high-resolution DEMs will be …
Virginia Institute Of Marine Science 2011 Greenhouse Gas Inventory Report, Green Team, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science, Justin Birchler, Matt Freedman, Cassie Glaspie, Katie May Laumann, Gar Secrist
Virginia Institute Of Marine Science 2011 Greenhouse Gas Inventory Report, Green Team, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science, Justin Birchler, Matt Freedman, Cassie Glaspie, Katie May Laumann, Gar Secrist
Reports
During the spring of 2011, members of the VIMS Green Team, with support from the College of William and Mary’s Committee on Sustainability, collected data on resource use at the VIMS Gloucester Point campus in order to monitor our greenhouse gas emissions and develop methods for reducing our carbon footprint in the future. We processed these data using the Campus Carbon Calculator, a tool developed by Clean Air Cool Planet, a nonprofit organization. This program, used by over 1,200 colleges and universities, calculates the total greenhouse gas emissions of a campus using emissions factors developed by the Intergovernmental Panel on …
Status Of The Major Oyster Diseases In Virginia 2006-2008 A Summary Of The Annual Oyster Disease Monitoring Program, Ryan Carnegie, Eugene M. Burreson
Status Of The Major Oyster Diseases In Virginia 2006-2008 A Summary Of The Annual Oyster Disease Monitoring Program, Ryan Carnegie, Eugene M. Burreson
Reports
Fall Survey sampling revealed P. marinus levels to be generally normal to high in Virginia tributaries. By 2007 P. marinus was present on every oyster reef sampled, and by the end of the 2006-2008 period the parasite was probably causing some mortality throughout Virginia waters. Data for H. nelsoni are still incomplete for 2006/7 because of funding limitations, but in 2008 H. nelsoni was observed at 17 of 31 sampled reefs, a marked expansion in distribution since 2003/4. A significant MSX disease outbreak occurred in the Great Wicomico River in 2008, as a mild winter and a long period of …
A Guide To Shoreline Management Planning For Virginia’S Coastal Localities, Donna A. Milligan, C. Scott Hardaway Jr.
A Guide To Shoreline Management Planning For Virginia’S Coastal Localities, Donna A. Milligan, C. Scott Hardaway Jr.
Reports
Short pamphlet describing methods for managing and making recommendations for shorelines.
Status Of The Major Oyster Diseases In Virginia 2005 A Summary Of The Annual Monitoring Program, Ryan Carnegie, Eugene M. Burreson
Status Of The Major Oyster Diseases In Virginia 2005 A Summary Of The Annual Monitoring Program, Ryan Carnegie, Eugene M. Burreson
Reports
More normal riverflows and salinities returned in 2005 after two very wet years. Temperatures were somewhat colder than normal during the winter, and warmer during the summer. The physical environment was generally more favorable for parasite activity, and thus brought a slight increase in prevalence and intensity of the oyster diseases caused by Perkinsus marinus (Dermo) and Haplosporidium nelsoni (MSX). Among quarterly James River Survey sites, maximum annual P. marinus prevalences returned to levels typical of the mid- 1990s, before the years of drought. P. marinus prevalence reached 92% at Wreck Shoal, 56% at Point of Shoal, 68% at Horsehead …
Ecosystem Approaches To Aquatic Health Assessment: Linking Subtidal Habitat Quality, Shoreline Condition And Estuarine Fish Communities, Donna M. Bilkovic, Carl Hershner, Kory Angstadt
Ecosystem Approaches To Aquatic Health Assessment: Linking Subtidal Habitat Quality, Shoreline Condition And Estuarine Fish Communities, Donna M. Bilkovic, Carl Hershner, Kory Angstadt
Reports
In the Chesapeake Bay, there is currently no comprehensive assessment of aquatic habitat heterogeneity or understanding of the effects of multiple stressors on the viability of these habitats. To assess the use of side-scan sonar technology with specially designed classification software, QTC SIDEVIEW developed by Quester Tangent Corporation as a tool to define subtidal nearshore habitat, two representative watersheds of the Chesapeake Bay were surveyed. Relationships between subtidal habitat and shoreline condition as well as linkages of habitat condition to fish community indices were assessed. Side-scan technology had the ability to image habitat at a resolution of less than 1 …
Status Of The Major Oyster Diseases In Virginia 2004 A Summary Of The Annual Monitoring Program, Ryan Carnegie, Eugene M. Burreson
Status Of The Major Oyster Diseases In Virginia 2004 A Summary Of The Annual Monitoring Program, Ryan Carnegie, Eugene M. Burreson
Reports
2004 was the second very wet year in a row. While rainfall and streamflows were normal in winter and early spring, and just slightly above average during the summer, the fall of 2004 was nearly as wet as the year before. Salinities were again depressed throughout the lower Bay. Water temperatures were below normal during the winter, but typical otherwise. Low salinities and, in the winter, temperatures brought continued abatement in the oyster diseases caused by Perkinsus marinus (Dermo) and Haplosporidium nelsoni (MSX). Among quarterly James River Survey sites, maximum annual P. marinus prevalences were the lowest they had been …
Status Of The Major Oyster Diseases In Virginia 2003 A Summary Of The Annual Monitoring Program, Ryan Carnegie, Lisa M. Ragone Calvo, Eugene M. Burreson
Status Of The Major Oyster Diseases In Virginia 2003 A Summary Of The Annual Monitoring Program, Ryan Carnegie, Lisa M. Ragone Calvo, Eugene M. Burreson
Reports
Low temperatures and salinities brought abatement in the oyster diseases caused by Perkinsus marinus (Dermo) and Haplosporidium nelsoni (MSX) for the first time since 1998. In the James River, P. marinus prevalences were the lowest they had been since 1998. In summer and fall, when P. marinus is normally most prevalent, it was found in a maximum of 72% of oysters at Wreck Shoal and in less than half the oysters at Horsehead Rock and Point of Shoals. Advanced infections were very rare. Haplosporidium nelsoni had disappeared completely from quarterly James River samples by July
Categorization Of Shellfish Tmdl Sites Final Report, Julie Herman, Carl Hershner, Howard Kator
Categorization Of Shellfish Tmdl Sites Final Report, Julie Herman, Carl Hershner, Howard Kator
Reports
There were two important goals for this project, including the assembly and compilation of digital data for the Coastal Plain and tidal waters of Virginia, and the categorization of the Division of Shellfish Sanitation (DSS) shellfish growing areas to determine if some are similar enough for water quality models to be effectively transferred from the modeled growing areas to other areas. This report summarizes the data and statistical analyses and discusses the results. Note: The digital data has a very fine resolution. The maps displayed in this report cannot convey this information on 8.5x11" paper. All digital data layers (shape …
Status Of The Major Oyster Diseases In Virginia 2002 A Summary Of The Annual Monitoring Program, Lisa M. Ragone Calvo, Eugene M. Burreson
Status Of The Major Oyster Diseases In Virginia 2002 A Summary Of The Annual Monitoring Program, Lisa M. Ragone Calvo, Eugene M. Burreson
Reports
Samples collected monthly from the upper James River sites from January through May showed a decline in P. marinus prevalence during the 4 winter and spring following a typical annual pattern; however, annual minimums were atypically high, particularly at Point of Shoals and Wreck Shoal (12-44%). Unusually high salinity conditions and warm winter temperatures promoted high overwintering survival of the pathogen and an early onset of the disease in the summer months. Perkinsus marinus prevalence increased to 100% at all four of the upper river stations and record high infection intensities were observed at Deepwater Shoal and Horsehead Rock. It …
Status Of The Major Oyster Diseases In Virginia 2001 A Summary Of The Annual Monitoring Program, Lisa M. Ragone Calvo, Eugene M. Burreson
Status Of The Major Oyster Diseases In Virginia 2001 A Summary Of The Annual Monitoring Program, Lisa M. Ragone Calvo, Eugene M. Burreson
Reports
Thirty-nine oyster populations were surveyed for disease in fall 2001. Perkinsus marinus was found in all areas sampled and prevalence exceeded 90% at all but 5 sample locations. In the James River P. marinus prevalence ranged from 88-100% at Deepwater Shoal, Horsehead Rock, Point of Shoals, Wreck Shoal, Mulberry Point, Swash, Long Shoal, and Dry Shoal. A lower prevalence was observed down river at Thomas Rock, 72%, and at Nansemond Ridge, 12%. The extremely low prevalence at Nansemond Ridge is likely age and density related; the oyster population was primarily comprised of spat; few small to market oysters were present …
Status Of The Major Oyster Diseases In Virginia 2000 A Summary Of The Annual Monitoring Program, Lisa M. Ragone Calvo, Eugene M. Burreson
Status Of The Major Oyster Diseases In Virginia 2000 A Summary Of The Annual Monitoring Program, Lisa M. Ragone Calvo, Eugene M. Burreson
Reports
As a consequence of the relatively warm temperatures, high salinities, and high oyster parasite abundances in the fall of 1999, both P. marinus and H. nelsoni were widely distributed throughout oyster populations in Virginia in 2000. Fortunately, however, we did not see severe epizootics of the diseases as observed in some areas in 1999.
Status Of The Major Oyster Diseases In Virginia 1999 A Summary Of The Annual Monitoring Program, Lisa M. Ragone Calvo, Eugene M. Burreson
Status Of The Major Oyster Diseases In Virginia 1999 A Summary Of The Annual Monitoring Program, Lisa M. Ragone Calvo, Eugene M. Burreson
Reports
As a consequence of the relatively warm temperatures and high salinities severe epizootics of both H. nelsoni and P. marinus occurred in most tributaries in VA. In the upper James River, VA prevalences and intensities of P. marinus were the highest on record. The proportion of advanced infections (moderate and heavy intensity) in October was 60% at Wreck Shoal and 48% at Horsehead Rock suggesting that significant oyster mortalities occurred in these areas. 1 Record high levels of P. marinus were also observed in Virginia's other major tributaries. Of the 39 bay oyster populations surveyed in the fall, P. marinus …
Status Of The Major Oyster Diseases In Virginia 1998 A Summary Of The Annual Monitoring Program, Lisa M. Ragone Calvo, Eugene M. Burreson
Status Of The Major Oyster Diseases In Virginia 1998 A Summary Of The Annual Monitoring Program, Lisa M. Ragone Calvo, Eugene M. Burreson
Reports
No abstract provided.
Status Of The Major Oyster Diseases In Virginia 1997 A Summary Of The Annual Monitoring Program, Lisa M. Ragone Calvo, Eugene M. Burreson
Status Of The Major Oyster Diseases In Virginia 1997 A Summary Of The Annual Monitoring Program, Lisa M. Ragone Calvo, Eugene M. Burreson
Reports
No abstract provided.
Status Of The Major Oyster Diseases In Virginia 1996 A Summary Of The Annual Monitoring Program, Lisa M. Ragone Calvo, Eugene M. Burreson
Status Of The Major Oyster Diseases In Virginia 1996 A Summary Of The Annual Monitoring Program, Lisa M. Ragone Calvo, Eugene M. Burreson
Reports
No abstract provided.
Research Needs For The Risk Assessment Of Health And Environmental Effects Of Endocrine Disruptors: A Report Of The Us Epa-Sponsored Workshop, Rj Kavlock, Gp Daston, C Derosa, P Fennercrisp, Le Gray, S Kaattari, Et Al
Research Needs For The Risk Assessment Of Health And Environmental Effects Of Endocrine Disruptors: A Report Of The Us Epa-Sponsored Workshop, Rj Kavlock, Gp Daston, C Derosa, P Fennercrisp, Le Gray, S Kaattari, Et Al
VIMS Articles
The hypothesis has been put forward that humans and wildlife species have suffered adverse health effects after exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals. Reported adverse effects include declines in populations, increases in cancers, and reduced reproductive function. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency sponsored a workshop in April 1995 to bring together interested parties in an effort to identify research gaps related to this hypothesis and to establish priorities for future research activities. Approximately 90 invited participants were organized into work groups developed around the principal reported health effects-carcinogenesis, reproductive toxicity, neurotoxicity, and immunotoxicity--as well as along the risk assessment paradigm--hazard identification, dose-response …
Status Of The Major Oyster Diseases In Virginia 1995 A Summary Of The Annual Monitoring Program, Lisa M. Ragone Calvo, Eugene M. Burreson
Status Of The Major Oyster Diseases In Virginia 1995 A Summary Of The Annual Monitoring Program, Lisa M. Ragone Calvo, Eugene M. Burreson
Reports
No abstract provided.
Status Of The Major Oyster Diseases In Virginia 1994 A Summary Of The Annual Monitoring Program, Lisa M. Ragone Calvo, Eugene M. Burreson
Status Of The Major Oyster Diseases In Virginia 1994 A Summary Of The Annual Monitoring Program, Lisa M. Ragone Calvo, Eugene M. Burreson
Reports
No abstract provided.
Status Of The Major Oyster Diseases In Virginia 1993 A Summary Of The Annual Monitoring Program, Eugene M. Burreson, Lisa M. Ragone Calvo
Status Of The Major Oyster Diseases In Virginia 1993 A Summary Of The Annual Monitoring Program, Eugene M. Burreson, Lisa M. Ragone Calvo
Reports
No abstract provided.
Status Of The Major Oyster Diseases In Virginia 1992 A Summary Of The Annual Monitoring Program, Eugene M. Burreson
Status Of The Major Oyster Diseases In Virginia 1992 A Summary Of The Annual Monitoring Program, Eugene M. Burreson
Reports
No abstract provided.