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Full-Text Articles in Geology

Correlation Of The Upper Ellensburg Formation With The Old Scab Mountain Eruptive Center, East-Central Cascade Range, Washington, Christopher Charles Humphrey Jul 1996

Correlation Of The Upper Ellensburg Formation With The Old Scab Mountain Eruptive Center, East-Central Cascade Range, Washington, Christopher Charles Humphrey

Dissertations and Theses

The Ellensburg Formation, preserved in the Nile basin 50 km northwest of Yakima, Washington, consists of a series of middle to late Miocene epiclastic and pyroclastic rock assemblages rich in porphyritic hornblende-biotite dacite. Geochemical, petrographic, and stratigraphic correlations indicate that Old Scab Mountain, a dacite porphyry intrusion, located at the western margin of the basin (lat. 46°53'30", long. 121°13'00"), is the probable source for much of the upper Ellensburg volcaniclastic material in the basin. The dacite intrusion exposed at Old Scab Mountain was emplaced at depths of 1 to 3 km and underlaid a now eroded volcanic edifice. This volcanic …


Beach Response To Subsidence Following A Cascadia Subduction Zone Earthquake Along The Washington-Oregon Coast, Debra Lee Doyle Jun 1996

Beach Response To Subsidence Following A Cascadia Subduction Zone Earthquake Along The Washington-Oregon Coast, Debra Lee Doyle

Dissertations and Theses

Beach shoreline retreat induced by coseismic subsidence in the Cascadia subduction zone is an important post-earthquake hazard. Sand on a beach acts as a buffer to wave attack, protecting dunes, bluffs and terraces. The loss of sand from a beach could promote critical erosion of the shoreline. This study was initiated in order to estimate the potential amount of post subsidence shoreline retreat on a regional scale in the Central Cascadia Margin. The study area is a 331 km stretch of coastline from Copalis, Washington to Florence, Oregon. Several erosion models were evaluated, and the Bruun model was selected as …


Wear Due To The Physical And Petrographic Properties Of Rocks And Their Dynamic Interactions With Mining Equipment, Christian Poppeliers May 1996

Wear Due To The Physical And Petrographic Properties Of Rocks And Their Dynamic Interactions With Mining Equipment, Christian Poppeliers

Dissertations and Theses

Wear to mining equipment reduces operational efficiency. If wear rates can be predicted, appropriate matching of alloys to the mine' s geologic conditions can aid in improving the operational efficiency. This study addresses rock characteristics which lead to wear. Macroscopic rock tools which lead to wear include sharp edges and comers on rocks. During a rock/equipment interaction, these rock tools cause high point pressures on the surface of the equipment which leads to ductile cutting and gouging of the surface and subsequent removal of metal. Hard mineral grains, or grain tools, produce abrasion as the grains move across equipment surfaces. …


The Use Of Hydrochemistry To Identify Potential Processes Operating In The Saddle Mountains Basalt Aquifer And The Use Of The Nitrate-Nitrogen Isotope To Distinguish Between Potential Sources Of Nitrate To The Shallow Alluvial Aquifer In The Lower Umatilla Basin, Oregon, Margot Truini Feb 1996

The Use Of Hydrochemistry To Identify Potential Processes Operating In The Saddle Mountains Basalt Aquifer And The Use Of The Nitrate-Nitrogen Isotope To Distinguish Between Potential Sources Of Nitrate To The Shallow Alluvial Aquifer In The Lower Umatilla Basin, Oregon, Margot Truini

Dissertations and Theses

Nitrate concentration in excess of national drinking-water standards (10 mg/l) are present in the shallow alluvial aquifer and Saddle Mountains Basalt (SMB) aquifer in the Lower Umatilla Basin, Oregon. To determine sources responsible for elevated nitrate concentrations in the SMB aquifer mass-balance and reaction-path models (NETPATH and PHREEQE) were used to understand observed geochemical trends. Nitrate-nitrogen isotopes were used to distinguish potential nitrate sources in the shallow alluvial aquifer. NETPATH-validated simple water/rock reactions in the SMB aquifers in Irrigon (dissolving glass, precipitating smectite, dissolving or precipitating calcite, and cation exchange) using constituents (calcium, magnesium, sodium and carbon). Diversity of composition …