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Articles 1 - 11 of 11
Full-Text Articles in Geology
Ecosystem Health In Guánica Bay And La Parguera, Puerto Rico: Remote Sensing Of Ocean Color And Metal Analysis Of Coral Tissue And Surficial Sediments, Jahnelle Howe
Dissertations and Theses
Guánica Bay is an estuary located in southwest Puerto Rico, with a coral reef ecosystem at its periphery. This ecosystem is affected by sediments, nutrients, and contaminants from the watershed through the Bay and into the offshore water. This project evaluates Guánica Bay and La Parguera coastal areas through remote sensing and chemical analysis to assess coastal ecosystem health. The concentration of metals in two coral species and their associated surface sediments was were analyzed by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and Direct Mercury Analyzer (DMA- 80). Ocean color remote sensing was used to estimate nutrient inputs and phytoplankton biomass through chlorophyll- …
Tropical Cyclone Hazards In Relation To Propagation Speed, Jiehao Huang
Tropical Cyclone Hazards In Relation To Propagation Speed, Jiehao Huang
Dissertations and Theses
As the population and infrastructure along the US East Coast increase, it becomes increasingly important to study the characteristics of tropical cyclones that can impact the coast. A recent study shows that the propagation speed of tropical cyclones has slowed over the past 60 years, which can lead to greater accumulation of precipitation and greater storm surge impacts. The study presented herein is meant to examine and analyze the relationships that exist between the propagation speed of tropical cyclones, their surface wind strength, displacement angles, and cyclone averaged winds. This analysis is focused on tropical cyclones spanning from 1950-2015 in …
Electrical Conductivity And Resistivity Study Of Heterogeneous Sediment In Inwood Hill Park, Manhattan, Ny, Rea A. Khaleda
Electrical Conductivity And Resistivity Study Of Heterogeneous Sediment In Inwood Hill Park, Manhattan, Ny, Rea A. Khaleda
Dissertations and Theses
The area near the inlet of Spuyten Duyvil Creek in Inwood Hill Park in New York City exhibits complex hydrological processes. The inlet is a tidal flat, which contains brackish water; a mixture of saltwater and freshwater. The area was modified by man, built on a shell bed and contains heterogeneous sediment. One field adjacent to the inlet contains several small sinkholes. Electrical resistivity and ground conductivity techniques were used in order to get an understanding of the hydrological processes of this field. It was hypothesized that the formation of the sinkholes is due to the tidal forcing of the …
Pressure, Temperature, And Stress Conditions Of Southern Alpine Fault (New Zealand) Mylonites, Jake T. Reitman
Pressure, Temperature, And Stress Conditions Of Southern Alpine Fault (New Zealand) Mylonites, Jake T. Reitman
Dissertations and Theses
The Alpine Fault, New Zealand, provides a unique window into the rheologic history of a seismically-active continental plate boundary. Due to lower exhumation rates along southern portions of the fault relative to the well-studied central Alpine Fault, deformation ages vary along strike by ~15 m.y.. Mylonites collected from two southern creeks near Haast, NZ, display a uniform recrystallized grain size of ~11 𝜇m in mylonitic quartz indicating differential stress values in the south of ~100 MPa, roughly twice the stress values observed in the central Alpine Fault. Constraints from Ti-in-quartz thermobarometry and Raman Spectroscopy of Carbonaceous Material (RSCM) indicate mylonitization …
Differentiation In Impact Melt Sheets As A Mechanism To Produce Evolved Magmas On Mars, Ari Koeppel
Differentiation In Impact Melt Sheets As A Mechanism To Produce Evolved Magmas On Mars, Ari Koeppel
Dissertations and Theses
Asteroid bombardment contributed to extensive melting and resurfacing of ancient (> 3 Ga) Mars, thereby influencing the early evolution of the Martian crust. However, information about how impact melting has altered Mars’ crustal petrology is limited. Evidence from some of the largest impact structures on Earth, such as Sudbury and Manicouagan, suggests that some impact melt sheets experience chemical differentiation. If these processes occur on Mars, we expect to observe differentiated igneous materials in some exhumed rock samples. Some rocks observed in Gale crater are enriched in alkalis (up to 14 wt% Na2O + K2O) and …
Mechanisms Of Shear Zone Localization And Raman Thermobarometry In Spinel Peridotites From The Alpine Fault, New Zealand, Emily J. Lubicich
Mechanisms Of Shear Zone Localization And Raman Thermobarometry In Spinel Peridotites From The Alpine Fault, New Zealand, Emily J. Lubicich
Dissertations and Theses
A suite of xenoliths from two localities on South Island, New Zealand, exhibit rare microstructures and provide information on deformation during the early stages of development of the Alpine Fault. The first set of samples has evidence of dislocation creep with subgrains, recrystallized grains, undulose extinction and a lattice preferred orientation. These samples also show evidence of post deformation static grain growth with polygonal grains, 120° triple junctions, and euhedral grains within larger grains of the same phase. Samples from the second locality also show evidence of dislocation creep but with minimal static grain growth. This set also has a …
Analyzing Evapotranspiration In The Tropical Montane Cloud Forest At Sierra De Bahoruco, Dominican Republic, Emmanuel Rodriguez-Gonzalez
Analyzing Evapotranspiration In The Tropical Montane Cloud Forest At Sierra De Bahoruco, Dominican Republic, Emmanuel Rodriguez-Gonzalez
Dissertations and Theses
Lake Enriquillo is located in the southwestern extreme of Dominican Republic and has been experiencing a rapid expansion in surface area, along with other water bodies in the same region, since 2004 causing major flooding to the surrounding agricultural and cattle-raising lands, infrastructure and communities. Understanding why the lake is expanding at such rapid rate and accurately forecast how they will behave in the future is the main goal of The Hispaniola Lakes Project. The purpose of this project is to investigate the effects that hydrometeorological drivers are having on the forested areas located in Sierra de Bahoruco, which is …
Modern Foraminiferal Assemblages Of The Denmark Strait, Laura Larocca
Modern Foraminiferal Assemblages Of The Denmark Strait, Laura Larocca
Dissertations and Theses
Foraminifera occupy a geological range from the early Cambrian to the present day. Their well preserved shells, high relative abundance, and short response time to changing environmental conditions make foraminifera ideal proxies for environmental change. Benthic foraminifera are a valuable but poorly understood paleobiological proxy for the reconstruction of environmental conditions on continental shelves occupied by arctic and subarctic waters. This study identifies, examines, and quantifies calcareous benthic foraminiferal faunas from a sediment core taken from the Denmark Strait. Our analysis of three-thousand individuals from ten discrete samples aim to provide a better understanding of the modern patterns of foraminiferal …
Assessing The Utility Of Imaging Radar For Identifying White Sand Vegetation Structure, Jessica Rosenqvist
Assessing The Utility Of Imaging Radar For Identifying White Sand Vegetation Structure, Jessica Rosenqvist
Dissertations and Theses
White sand vegetation communities are wide spread across South America; found in Peru, Venezuela, Brazilian Amazon and Guyana. They are distributed in patches ranging from <1 km2 to greater than tens of square kilometers and their origins and locations are still not well understood. The communities are related to a variety of factors (soil type, flooding, nutrient content and fire); hence a precise definition for the ecosystem is still not fully defined. Nevertheless, the result of these variations creates a unique environment for endemic plant and animal species to thrive. Furthermore, analysis of these areas has been very scattered and identification of local white sand areas (<1 km2) have not been accomplished. In addition, identification of these locations has currently only used optical satellite imagery (Landsat, MODIS). Hence, in this project, we have attempted to use synthetic aperture radar to create a classification system to locate the white sand vegetation systems. The goal is to be able to apply this method to identify white sand vegetation distribution across South America. The region of focus for this thesis has been in Aracá, a large white sand area located in Brazil in the State of Amazonas. Due to the lack of ground reference data, a classified map by Capurucho et al. (2013), generated using Landsat data, was used as a comparison and reference. JAXA’s ALOS-1 PALSAR (L-band), ESA’s Sentinel-1A (C-band) and NASA’s SRTM sensors were used for land classification. As microwave signals penetrate clouds and haze, the advantage of using sensors with this wavelength allows for an unobstructed coverage of the landscape all year round. Different combinations of polarizations and wavelengths were used during the analysis to try and separate the white sand vegetation from water and terra firme forest. The resulting classification images showed a 30% agreement with the classification map by Capurucho et al. It is important to note, that this number is in fact an agreement percentage as the map used was a classification image and coarse in resolution (due to the lack of reference data). Therefore, this value does not imply a bad classification. Future work will include time-series data, precise ground reference points and data from other sensors such as ALOS-2 PALSAR, to improve the classification accuracy.
3d Structural And Stratigraphic Architecture Of The Northwest Santa Barbara Basin And Implications For Submarine Landslide Generation, Alexis Wright
3d Structural And Stratigraphic Architecture Of The Northwest Santa Barbara Basin And Implications For Submarine Landslide Generation, Alexis Wright
Dissertations and Theses
Multiple submarine landslides have been previously documented on the north flank of the Santa Barbara Channel, and such failures are considered to be capable of generating local tsunamis hazards to the Santa Barbara region. 2D seismic-reflection datasets provide a general view of regional framework geology, including faulting and folding associated with north-south compression. However, better understanding of the relationships between faults, folds, stratigraphic architecture, and submarine landslides can be obtained with 3D seismic datasets. In this study we use an industry 3D seismic-reflection volume that encompasses the slope and shelfbreak surrounding the Gaviota submarine landslide (3.8 km2) to investigate structural …
Simultaneous Adsorption Of 11 Volatile Organic Compounds By An Activated Carbon Made From Polystyrene Sulfonic Acid-Based Organic Salt, Alejandro Smith
Simultaneous Adsorption Of 11 Volatile Organic Compounds By An Activated Carbon Made From Polystyrene Sulfonic Acid-Based Organic Salt, Alejandro Smith
Dissertations and Theses
Activated carbon is used in water treatment worldwide due to its ability to adsorb many different contaminants from water. The high adsorption capacity of activated carbon is linked to its high internal surface area and micro/meso- porosity. In this work an activated carbon obtained from polystyrene sulfonic acid-based organic salt was examined to simultaneously adsorb eleven volatile organic compounds from aqueous solution. Adsorption data were modeled with different isotherms to determine the equilibrium adsorptive capacities for these compounds. The performance of the polymer-based activated carbon was then compared with that of a commercial wood-based activated carbon. The results indicate that …