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Full-Text Articles in Geology
The Southeastern Coastal Plain: An Overview, Lee J. Florea, H L. Vacher
The Southeastern Coastal Plain: An Overview, Lee J. Florea, H L. Vacher
Lee J Florea, PhD, P.G.
Florida enjoys the highest density of large springs in North America (Scott et al., 2004); Silver Springs is just one of the 33 first-magnitude springs (mean flow greater than 100 cfs (2.8 m3/s), and there are hundreds of smaller springs (Fig. 6.2; see Meinzer, 1927, and Scott et al., 2004). They are supplied by spectacular underwater caves that are internationally recognized in the cave-diving community. Less well known are the many air-filled caves of the region (see Florea, 2006; Moore, 2006; Lane 1986). Though generally smaller than their aquatic counterparts, their beauty can rival the world’s best show caves. This …
The Cumberland Plateau Of Eastern Kentucky, Larry C. Simpson, Lee J. Florea
The Cumberland Plateau Of Eastern Kentucky, Larry C. Simpson, Lee J. Florea
Lee J Florea, PhD, P.G.
Eastern Kentucky contains almost the same Mississippian limestones that appear at Mammoth Cave in south-central Kentucky (Chapter 3). To the east these strata dip below the Appalachian Basin and reappear as the Greenbrier Group in the Virginias. The limestone outcrop in eastern Kentucky follows the western margin of the Cumberland Plateau and forms a ragged ribbon of karst that is continuous from southeastern Ohio through Kentucky and Tennessee and into northern Alabama. There are more than 2,000 documented caves comprising over 470 km of surveyed passage in the Kentucky segment of the Cumberland Plateau (Fig. 2.115). At least 14 are …
Caves And Karst Of West-Central Florida, Lee J. Florea, David Budd, Robert Brinkmann
Caves And Karst Of West-Central Florida, Lee J. Florea, David Budd, Robert Brinkmann
Lee J Florea, PhD, P.G.
The real west-central Florida is far from the “Sunshine State” image of white sand beaches and palm trees. Gently rolling hills, dense jungle-like forests, pine and palmetto scrublands, impenetrable cypress swamps, and alligator-laden rivers are more common. Numerous crystal-clear springs offer a glimpse of the hidden world below – a world that could challenge the most imaginative Disney artists (Fig. 6.17).
The Biscayne Aquifer Of Southeastern Florida, Kevin Cunningham, Lee J. Florea
The Biscayne Aquifer Of Southeastern Florida, Kevin Cunningham, Lee J. Florea
Lee J Florea, PhD, P.G.
In southeastern Florida, locally delineated, small, poorly explored caves and subtle karst are characteristic of the limestone that composes the unconfined Biscayne aquifer – one of the most permeable aquifers in the world. The main units of the Biscayne aquifer are the Fort Thompson Formation and Miami Limestone, both characterized by eogenetic karst.
Geology And Hydrology Of Karst In West-Central And North-Central Florida, Lee J. Florea
Geology And Hydrology Of Karst In West-Central And North-Central Florida, Lee J. Florea
Lee J Florea, PhD, P.G.
The state of Florida is blessed with the highest density of large springs in North America and hundreds of smaller springs where the water from limestone aquifers returns to the surface (Scott et al., 2004). Spectacular underwater caves supply water to these springs. Lesser known are the equally fantastic air-filled caves of Florida and South Georgia (Florea, 2006; Lane, 1986). This paper features these underwater and airfilled caves, explores the impact of changes in sea level on karst in this near-coastal environment, and establishes several geologic and hydrologic characteristics that distinguish karst in the limestones of the southeast from karst …
I Sinkholes Nella Letteratura Scientifica Internazionale: Una Breve Rassegna, Con Particulare Riferimento Agli Stati Uniti D'America, Lee J. Florea, Mario Parise
I Sinkholes Nella Letteratura Scientifica Internazionale: Una Breve Rassegna, Con Particulare Riferimento Agli Stati Uniti D'America, Lee J. Florea, Mario Parise
Lee J Florea, PhD, P.G.
Fenomeni di sinkholes sono diffusi in moltissimi paesi del mondo, in ambiti geologici e morfologici alquanto differenziati, e coinvolgono svariate litologie, sia nelle successioni di copertura che in quelle direttamente affioranti alla superficie. Il presente contributo intende fornire una breve rassegna, certamente non esaustiva, sullo stato dell’arte delle ricerche relative ai sinkholes in ambito internazionale. Esso consiste in una descrizione della più aggiornata e diffusa classificazione dei sinkholes e, a seguire, in descrizioni delle più tipiche casistiche di sinkholes nei vari paesi. Tra questi, viene dato particolare risalto agli Stati Uniti d’America (e, più in particolare, alla Florida), dove le …
The Karst Of West-Central Florida, Lee J. Florea
The Karst Of West-Central Florida, Lee J. Florea
Lee J Florea, PhD, P.G.
Caves, the cornerstone feature of karst aquifers, are little understood in Florida. This dissertation, which analyzes the morphology, elevation, lithologic setting, and hydrology of caves in west-central Florida, demonstrates that the karst of the unconfined Floridan aquifer differs from the paradigm view of karst presented in modern geology textbooks. The differences reflect setting: eogenetic (west-central Florida) vs. telogenetic (conventional).
Architecture Of Air-Filled Caves Within The Karst Of The Brooksville Ridge, West-Central Florida, Lee J. Florea
Architecture Of Air-Filled Caves Within The Karst Of The Brooksville Ridge, West-Central Florida, Lee J. Florea
Lee J Florea, PhD, P.G.
Air-filled caves surveyed in the Brooksville Ridge of west-central Florida provide insight into the organization of karstic permeability within the unconfined portions of the Upper Floridan Aquifer. The morphology of the passages that compose these caves in geologically young, high-permeability limestones is strikingly different from caves found in ancient carbonates far from the influence of the coast. Cave passages in west-central Florida are laterally extensive and tiered. Principal horizons of cave development occur between +3 m and +5 m, +12 m and +15 m, and +20 m and +22 m above modern sea level. The primary guide of cave passage …
Le Voragini Catastrofiche Della Florida, Lee J. Florea, Robert Brooks, Tom Turner, Mario Parise
Le Voragini Catastrofiche Della Florida, Lee J. Florea, Robert Brooks, Tom Turner, Mario Parise
Lee J Florea, PhD, P.G.
The West-Central Florida landscape is worlds away from white-sand beaches and palm trees: gentle rolling hills, dense jungle-like forests, pine tree and palmetto scrub lands, impenetrable cypress swamps, and alligator-laden rivers. Numerous crystal-clear springs offer a glimpse of the hidden world below these wildly-diverse ecosystems. Internationally recognized in the cave diving community, Florida harbors some of the longest and most spectacular underwater cave systems. Lesser known are Florida’s “dry” caves, that rarely have large natural openings and, though often smaller than their aquatic counterparts, the beauty found within can rival the world’s best show-caves. Little was known about caves and …
Light & Dark: The Hidden Wonders Of Buck Creek, Lee J. Florea
Light & Dark: The Hidden Wonders Of Buck Creek, Lee J. Florea
Lee J Florea, PhD, P.G.
As early morning mists rise from the banks of its supple waters, beams of light penetrate the Buck Creek valley illuminating its beauty. While light illuminates most of the land, there are secret places, nestled within the forest where darkness reigns supreme. Places beyond the touch of the sun, beyond the influence of seasons. Here time is measured not in cycles of light but by the flow of water and fall of rock. These are the caves, conduits for water past and present. Nestled in the hills of south-central Kentucky the caves along Buck Creek provide the lifeblood for a …
Karst Gis Advances In Kentucky, Lee J. Florea, Randall L. Paylor, Larry Simpson, Jason Gulley
Karst Gis Advances In Kentucky, Lee J. Florea, Randall L. Paylor, Larry Simpson, Jason Gulley
Lee J Florea, PhD, P.G.
Little statewide geospatial data was available for Kentucky caves and karst in the past. Recent trends in land development have prompted a distinct need for these data in order to help minimize impact to cave and karst resources. During the past two years, the I-66 Special Project of the National Speleological Society, The Kentucky Speleological Survey, and the Kentucky Geological Survey have gathered, archived, and developed karst data for the state. Current projects include publication of karst basin maps, archiving cave entrance locations, archiving and georeferencing cave maps, creating polygon coverages of cave conduits, and a statewide sinkhole digitization project. …