Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Experimental Investigation On Combustion And Emission Characteristics Of Co-Combustion Of Pulverized Biomass With Diesel Fuel In An Industrial Burner, Medhat Elkelawy Prof. Dr, Eng., Hagar Alm-Eldin Bastawissi, Ahmed Abou El-Yazied Prof. Dr., Saad El-Malla Dr. Eng.

Journal of Engineering Research

This study presents the combustion and emission results obtained from a laboratory furnace equipped with a 35 kW industrial burner that utilizes co-combustion of pulverized biomass and diesel fuel. The experiment compared the co-combustion of pulverized biomass and diesel fuel with diesel fuel alone. Three different loading ratios of pulverized biomass from residual beet samples were used. Temperatures were measured at various positions inside the furnace to analyze combustion performance. It was observed that increasing the biomass loading ratios led to higher flame temperatures and improved combustion compared to diesel fuel alone. The concentrations of pollutants such as Co, HC, …

Optimization Of The Bio-Synthesis Of Magnesium Nanoparticles From Staphylococcus Haemolyticus: A Pilot Study, Mariam Bassam, Malak Mezher, Mahmoud Khalil

BAU Journal - Science and Technology

Nanotechnology is developing rapidly. This field has many influences in humans’ life. Nanoparticles (NPs) have many unique properties including the size, shape, morphology, and surface area. The synthesis of NPs could be achieved by three ways: physical, chemical, and biological. However, the biological synthesis of NPs has a priority on the other domains due to its safety and environmental friendship. In this regard, the main objective of this study was to synthesize magnesium (Mg) NPs from the bacterium S. haemolyticus which was isolated from the Lebanese wastewater. Different parameters were applied to detect the best conditions to produce the highest …

Research On Permeability Model Of Coal Reservoir Along Producing Wellbores, Jia Lidan, Zhang Lin, Li Bobo, Wu Xuehai, Gao Zheng, Wang Zhonghui, Fu Jiale

Coal Geology & Exploration

Permeability is an important parameter to characterize gas flow. In order to ensure the safe and efficient gas drainage, it is necessary to explore the evolution characteristics of coal reservoir gas seepage at different positions from the producing wellbores. However, the effective stress, the gas adsorption/desorption capacity of coal matrix and the temperature of coal reservoir are constantly changing with the gas drainage, and even the drainage damage may occur, which makes the gas migration behavior in coal seam extremely complicated. In order to explore the seepage characteristics of coal reservoir gas during gas drainage, the space-time evolution function of …

Impact Of Number Of Solar Cells In Parallel/Series And Temperature On Junction Capacitance, Zhigang Zhao, Chunjie Zhang, Gao Pu, Hutang Sang, Xiaoqian Li

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: The study to the dynamic parameters of the photovoltaic cell is of crucial importance for the design of the corresponding afterward stage controller in the photovoltaic power generation system. Beginning with the analysis to physical mechanism of the photovoltaic cell, more accurate equivalent formulation of the junction voltage and bias voltage of the photovoltaic cells /module/array was deduced, and the explicit formulation between the bias voltage and output voltage was received by using the Lambert W function based on equivalent series resistance and the saturation current. The formulation was adopted which combined the engineering mathematics model and intrinsic carrier …

Prediction Of Long-Term Physical Properties Of Low Density Polyethylene (Ldpe)Cable Insulation Materials By Artificial Neural Network Modeling Approach Underenvironmental Constraints, Ferhat Slimani, Abdallah Hedir, Mustapha Moudoud, Ali̇ Durmuş, Mounir Amir, Mohamed Megherbi

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

This study quantifies long-term physical properties of low density polyethylene (LDPE) cables insulations exposed to environmental constraints such as UV radiation and temperature via both experimental measurements and mathematical modeling approach. For this purpose, tensile test and electrical breakdown test were carried out to determine elongation at break, tensile strength, and dielectric strength of unaged and aged specimens, respectively. Experimental results showed that both UV and temperature exposures affected the LDPE properties, significantly. A supervised artificial neural network (ANN) trained by the Levenberg?Marquardt algorithm was designed for predicting the long-term characteristics of specimens and also for minimizing the experimental procedures. …

Enhancing The Visibility Of Vernier Effect In A Tri-Microfiber Coupler Fiber Loop Interferometer For Ultrasensitive Refractive Index And Temperature Sensing, Fangfang Wei, Dejun Liu, Zhe Wang, Zhuochen Wang, Gerald Farrell, Qiang Wu, Gang-Ding Peng, Yuliya Semenova

Articles

In this paper a Vernier effect based sensor is analyzed and demonstrated experimentally in a tri-microfiber coupler (Tri-MFC) and polarization-maintaining fiber (PMF) loop interferometer (Tri-MFC-PMF) to provide ultrasensitive refractive index and temperature sensing. The main novelty of this work is an analysis of parameters of the proposed Tri-MFC-PMF with the objective of determining the conditions leading to a strong Vernier effect. It has been identified by simulation that the Vernier effect is a primary factor in the design of Tri-MFC-PMF loop sensing structure for sensitivity enhancement. It is furthermore demonstrated experimentally that enhancing the visibility of the Vernier spectrum in …

Simulation Research On Influence Of Blood Flow On Heating During Hifu Treatment, Suqin Dai, Shengyou Qian, Yaosheng Gui, Xiao Sheng

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: When blood vessel exists in the tumor tissue, and its boundary portion close to the vessel will be strongly influenced by the cooling effect of the blood vessel. This influence will lead to the incomplete cancer treatment. To study the influence of blood flow on heating towards the above situation, concave spherical transducer was used as the heat source, and sound intensity distribution was obtained by Rayleigh integral. Pennes equation was solved with finite difference method, then the dose distribution was calculated to determine the thermal damage degree of tissue using quantitative relationship between the heating time and temperature. …

University Of Kentucky Measurements Of Wind, Temperature, Pressure And Humidity In Support Of Lapse-Rate Using Multisite Fixed-Wing And Rotorcraft Unmanned Aerial Systems, Sean C. C. Bailey, Michael P. Sama, Caleb A. Canter, Luis Felipe Pampolini, Zachary S. Lippay, Travis J. Schuyler, Jonathan D. Hamilton, Sean B. Macphee, Isaac S. Rowe, Christopher D. Sanders, Virginia G. Smith, Christina N. Vezzi, Harrison M. Wight, Jesse B. Hoagg, Marcelo I. Guzman, Suzanne Weaver Smith

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications

In July 2018, unmanned aerial systems (UASs) were deployed to measure the properties of the lower atmosphere within the San Luis Valley, an elevated valley in Colorado, USA, as part of the Lower Atmospheric Profiling Studies at Elevation – a Remotely-piloted Aircraft Team Experiment (LAPSE-RATE). Measurement objectives included detailing boundary layer transition, canyon cold-air drainage and convection initiation within the valley. Details of the contribution to LAPSE-RATE made by the University of Kentucky are provided here, which include measurements by seven different fixed-wing and rotorcraft UASs totaling over 178 flights with validated data. The data from these coordinated UAS flights …

Research On Building Mechanism Model Simulation In Energy-Saving Control, Bai Yang, Decheng Yuan, Li Ling

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: In the existing building system, the energy consumption is huge, the control system is complex, and the electricity cost is high. In order to reduce the cost of electricity, the mechanism model of the building is established for simulation. The accuracy of the model is verified by simulation to confirm the model applicability to the building system. Comparing the constant electricity price with the time-varying electricity price, the system under the model predictive control can response to the price change of electricity with time and can achieve the cost control and energy-saving.

Experiment On Methane Displacement In Coalbed By Supercritical Carbon Dioxide, Wu Di, Liu Xueying, Sun Keming, Xin Liwei, Miao Feng

Coal Geology & Exploration

Using self-made experimental system, experiments were performed on coal samples to study supercritical CO₂ seepage, adsorption and CH₄ displacement by supercritical CO₂. Experimental results show that permeability and adsorption of supercritical CO₂ in coal increase with CO₂ pressures. Pressures and temperatures of CO₂ influence the values of displaced CH₄. Values of displaced CH₄ increase by average 0.076 cm³/g and sweep efficiency rises by 17%-23% with the CO₂ pressure increasing from 8 MPa to 12 MPa, while displacement volume decreases linearly. With the temperature rising by 10℃, sweep …

Multi-Resolution Spatio-Temporal Change Analyses Of Hydro-Climatological Variables In Association With Large-Scale Oceanic-Atmospheric Climate Signals, Kazi Ali Tamaddun

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

The primary objective of the work presented in this dissertation was to evaluate the change patterns, i.e., a gradual change known as the trend, and an abrupt change known as the shift, of multiple hydro-climatological variables, namely, streamflow, snow water equivalent (SWE), temperature, precipitation, and potential evapotranspiration (PET), in association with the large-scale oceanic-atmospheric climate signals. Moreover, both observed datasets and modeled simulations were used to evaluate such change patterns to assess the efficacy of the modeled datasets in emulating the observed trends and shifts under the influence of uncertainties and inconsistencies. A secondary objective of this study was to …

Using A Balloon-Launched Unmanned Glider To Validate Real-Time Wrf Modeling, Travis J. Schuyler, S. M. Iman Gohari, Gary Pundsack, Donald Berchoff, Marcelo I. Guzman

Chemistry Faculty Publications

The use of small unmanned aerial systems (sUAS) for meteorological measurements has expanded significantly in recent years. SUAS are efficient platforms for collecting data with high resolution in both space and time, providing opportunities for enhanced atmospheric sampling. Furthermore, advances in mesoscale weather research and forecasting (WRF) modeling and graphical processing unit (GPU) computing have enabled high resolution weather modeling. In this manuscript, a balloon-launched unmanned glider, complete with a suite of sensors to measure atmospheric temperature, pressure, and relative humidity, is deployed for validation of real-time weather models. This work demonstrates the usefulness of sUAS for validating and improving …

Future Changes Of Hydroclimatic Extremes In Western North America Using A Large Ensemble: The Role Of Internal Variability, Mohammad Hasan Mahmoudi

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Increases in the intensity and frequency of extreme events in Western North America (WNA) can cause significant socioeconomic problems and threaten existing infrastructure. In this study we analyze the impacts of climate change on hydroclimatic extremes and assess the role of internal variability over WNA, which collectively drain an area of about 1 million km². We used gridded observations and downscaled precipitation, maximum and minimum temperature from seven General Circulation Models (GCMs) that participated in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) and a large ensemble of CanESM2 model simulations (CanESM2-LE; 50 members) for this analysis. Spatial …

Improved Bp Neural Network Of Heat Load Forecasting Based On Temperature And Date Type, Li Qi, Zhao Feng

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: The heat load forecasting provides data support for urban district heating systems, which is the basis of need-based heating. The change of heat load is greatly influenced by various exterior factors, especially the outdoor temperature. To meet demand of heating system, save energy and balance the comfort of human body, a kind of improved BP neural network method is proposed by temperature and date type. The temperature and date type are quantified and the heat load forecasting model is established by using BP neural network. To guarantee prediction accuracy, the genetic algorithm is used to optimize the weights and …

Simulation Analysis In Dynamic Performance Of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Under Starting Condition, Yan Xiao, Ying-Jie Chang, Wei Zhang, Qiu-Hong Jia

Journal of Electrochemistry

Based on the equivalent circuit model, by considering both the dynamic gas pressure model and the dynamic heat transfer model, a lumped parameter model is developed. The start process of the fuel cell is simulated by using SIMULINK software. The undershoot of the voltage is observed from the simulation results, and the response time of the voltage is basically the same as that of the fuel cell temperature, which indicates that the temperature has great influence on the dynamic performance of the fuel cell. From the perspective of the temperature, the dynamic responses of the thermodynamic potential, the activation overvoltage, …

Effects Of Temperature On The Nucleation And Growth Mechanism Of Pbo2 Electrodeposition, Lei Wang, Juan-Qin Xue, Li-Hua Yu, Chang-Bin Tang, Qiang Bi

Journal of Electrochemistry

In order to investigate the effects of temperature on the nucleation and growth of lead dioxide (PbO₂)， the in situ electrochemical depositions of PbO₂ were carried out on the glassy carbon electrode at different temperatures, namely, 25℃,35℃, 45℃, 55℃, and 65℃.The cyclic voltammetric curves, the time-current and the time-potential curves，SEM images and XRD patterns of the PbO₂ coatings deposited at different temperatures were obtained. The results showed that the PbO₂ underwent nucleation and grew at different temperatures. The 3D continuous nucleation mode of PbO₂ electrodeposition remained unchanged with the increase of temperature. However, the …

Heat Of Fusion Of Primary Alcohol Confined In Nanopores, Harrisonn Griffin

Honors Theses

Melting behavior of physically confined 1-decanol in nano porous silica was probed using a Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC). In agreement with the Gibbs-Thomson prediction, we observe that the melting temperature of the confined 1-decanol scales inversely with the physical size of the pores. Contrary to the assumption used in developing the Gibbs-Thomson equation, however, the apparent heat of fusion decreases as the pore size decreases. Previously, several models have been proposed where interfacial layers of molecules do not participate in the phase transition and thereby would not contribute to the heat of fusion. While these could reconcile the seeming contradiction, …

Flying By Fire: Making Controlled Burns Safer For Humans And Uavs, Rebecca Horzewski, Carrick Detweiler

UCARE Research Products

A temperature sensing circuit board was developed that will allow Nimbus Lab's controlled burn starting UAV to react to the temperatures around it.

Temperature Effects On Properties Of Aerospace Nickel Hydrogen Cells, Hai-Chang Zhang, Yu-Qi Diao, Wen-Cheng Ming, Xue-Ying Ren, Fei Ding

Journal of Electrochemistry

This has been done using the 60 Ah nickel-hydrogen cell to investigate the temperature effects on properties of aerospace nickel hydrogen cells. The charge-discharge, trickle charge, overcharge, self-discharge and cycle life tests were carried out at different temperatures. The results show that the discharge capacity and overcharge rate were increased first, and then decreased with the raising temperature. On the other hand, the trickle charge value and the 3 days self-discharge rate were raised with increasing temperature. When the temperature was -5 ^oC, the discharge capacity of cell reached the maximum discharge capacity of 63.68 Ah. Based on the …

Improved Superconducting Properties In The Mg11b2 Low Activation Superconductor Prepared By Low-Temperature Sintering, Fang Cheng, Yongchang Liu, Zongqing Ma, M Shahriar Al Hossain, Mehmet Somer

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Mg11B2 has a great application prospect in the superconducting coils for fusion reactor as the "low activation superconductors". The un-doped Mg11B2 and Cu-doped Mg11B2 bulks using 11B as a boron precursor were fabricated by low-temperature sintering in present work. It was found that the prepared Mg11B2 low activation superconductors exhibit better Jc performance than all of other Mg11B2 samples reported in previous studies. As for Cu doped Mg11B2, minor Cu addition can obviously improve the Mg11B2 grain crystallization and reduce the amount of MgO impurity. Hence, improved grain connectivity and higher Jc at low fields is obtained in Cu doped …

Thermal Model Of Oil Power Transformers With A Tap Changer, Zoran Radakovic, Stefan Tenbohlen

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

No abstract provided.

Measurements Of Methyl Radicals And Temperatures By Using Coherent Microwave Rayleigh Scattering From Resonance Enhanced Multiphoton Ionization, Yue Wu

Doctoral Dissertations

This thesis includes two main parts: (I) The CH₃[methyl radical] detection in methane/air flames and (II) the rotational temperature measurement of O₂[molecular oxygen] in a variety of environments by using coherent microwave Rayleigh scattering from resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization (Radar REMPI).

In first the part, from Chapter I to Chapter III, the methyl radical detection and quantitative measurements have been conducted in hydrocarbon flame with one-dimensional and two-dimensional spatial-resolved concentration distribution. Due to the proximity of the argon resonance state (4+1 REMPI by 332.5 nm) with the CH₃ state (2+1 REMPI by 333.6 nm), in …

Changes In Heavy Rainstorm Characteristics With Time And Temperature, Barry A. Palynchuk Phd, Yiping Guo Phd

Barry A. Palynchuk PhD

The effects of climate change upon extreme rainfall is evaluated, based upon the identification of individual storms, and the changes in their statistical parameters and distributions. Those changes will be measured based upon historical time spans, and climatic temperature associated with the events. A brief review and comparison with other research is provided.

Changes In Heavy Rainstorm Characteristics With Time And Temperature - Presentation, Barry A. Palynchuk Phd

Barry A. Palynchuk PhD

The effects of climate change upon extreme rainfall is evaluated, based upon the identification of individual storms, and the changes in their statistical parameters and distributions. Those changes will be measured based upon historical time spans, and climatic temperature associated with the events. A brief review and comparison with other research provided.

Contribution Of Radicals And Ions In Catalyzed Growth Of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes From Low-Temperature Plasmas, Z Marvi, S Xu, G Foroutan, Kostya Ostrikov

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

The growth kinetics of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) in a low-temperature, low-pressure reactive plasma is investigated using a multiscale numerical simulation, including the plasma sheath and surface diffusion modules. The plasma-related effects on the characteristics of SWCNT growth are studied. It is found that in the presence of reactive radicals in addition to energetic ions inside the plasma sheath area, the effective carbon flux, and the growth rate of SWCNT increase. It is shown that the concentration of atomic hydrogen and hydrocarbon radicals in the plasma plays an important role in the SWCNT growth. The effect of the effective carbon …

Superior Critical Current Density Obtained In Mg11b2 Low Activation Superconductor By Using Reactive Amorphous 11b And Optimizing Sintering Temperature, Fang Cheng, Yongchang Liu, Zongqing Ma, Huijun Li, Md Shahriar Hossain

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

The un-doped Mg¹¹B2 and Cu-doped Mg¹¹B2 bulks using ¹¹B as a boron precursor were fabricated by solid-state reaction and sintered at different temperature in present work. By analyzing the sintering process, it was found that ¹¹B original powder is more reactive and can react with Mg severely even at low temperature before Mg melting, which leads to the formation of refined Mg¹¹B2 grains. Consequently, the critical current density of Mg¹¹B2 sample prepared in this work is higher than that of natural MgB2. Furthermore, it was found that proper Cu addition …

Significantly Enhanced Critical Current Density In Nano-Mgb2 Grains Rapidly Formed At Low Temperature With Homogeneous Carbon Doping, Yongchang Liu, Feng Lan, Zongqing Ma, Ning Chen, Huijun Li, Shaon Barua, Dipakkumar Patel, Md S. Hossain, S Acar, Jung Ho Kim, S X. Dou

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

High performance MgB₂ bulks using carbon-coated amorphous boron as a boron precursor were fabricated by Cu-activated sintering at low temperature (600 °C, below the Mg melting point). Dense nano-MgB₂ grains with a high level of homogeneous carbon doping were formed in these MgB₂ samples. This type of microstructure can provide a stronger flux pinning force, together with depressed volatility and oxidation of Mg owing to the low-temperature Cu-activated sintering, leading to a significant improvement of critical current density (J_c) in the as-prepared samples. In particular, the value of J_c for the carbon-coated (Mg …

Harvesting Temperature Fluctuations As Electrical Energy Using Torsional And Tensile Polymer Muscles, Shi Hyeong Kim, Marcio Dias Lima, Mikhail E. Kozlov, Carter S. Haines, Geoffrey M. Spinks, Shazed Aziz, Changsoon Choi, Hyeon Jun Sim, Xuemin Wang, Hongbing Lu, Dong Qian, John D. W Madden, Ray H. Baughman, Seon Jeong Kim

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Diverse means have been deployed for harvesting electrical energy from mechanical actuation produced by low-grade waste heat, but cycle rate, energy-per-cycle, device size and weight, or cost have limited applications. We report the electromagnetic harvesting of thermal energy as electrical energy using thermally powered torsional and tensile artificial muscles made from inexpensive polymer fibers used for fishing line and sewing thread. We show that a coiled 27 μm-diameter nylon muscle fiber can be driven by 16.7 °C air temperature fluctuations to spin a magnetic rotor to a peak torsional rotation speed of 70 000 rpm for over 300 000 heating-cooling …

Harvesting Temperature Fluctuations As Electrical Energy Using Torsional And Tensile Polymer Muscles, Shi Hyeong Kim, Marcio Dias Lima, Mikhail E. Kozlov, Carter S. Haines, Geoffrey M. Spinks, Shazed Aziz, Changsoon Choi, Hyeon Jun Sim, Xuemin Wang, Hongbing Lu, Dong Qian, John D. W Madden, Ray H. Baughman, Seon Jeong Kim

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Diverse means have been deployed for harvesting electrical energy from mechanical actuation produced by low-grade waste heat, but cycle rate, energy-per-cycle, device size and weight, or cost have limited applications. We report the electromagnetic harvesting of thermal energy as electrical energy using thermally powered torsional and tensile artificial muscles made from inexpensive polymer fibers used for fishing line and sewing thread. We show that a coiled 27 μm-diameter nylon muscle fiber can be driven by 16.7 °C air temperature fluctuations to spin a magnetic rotor to a peak torsional rotation speed of 70 000 rpm for over 300 000 heating-cooling …

Improvement In Structure And Superconductivity Of Bulk Fese0.5te0.5 Superconductors By Optimizing Sintering Temperature, Ning Chen, Yongchang Liu, Zongqing Ma, Liming Yu, Huijun Li

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Sintering temperature plays a vital role in the evolution of phase structure and microstructure in polycrystalline FeSe0.5Te0.5 bulks fabricated by the two-step sintering method, and thus significantly influences their superconducting properties. Elevated sintering temperature (600-700°C) at second step facilitates the substitution of Te into the superconducting phase, which leads to the increased lattice distortion and thus contributes to the enhancement of superconductivity (the value of Tc reaches 15.6K). At the same time, the accelerated growth of the superconducting grains and the improved homogeneity motivated by elevated sintering temperature serve as the main reason for the sharp superconducting transition.