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Articles 1 - 8 of 8
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Carbon Sources To Microbes And Cryoconite On Alaskan Alpine Glacier Surfaces, Drake Mccrimmon
Carbon Sources To Microbes And Cryoconite On Alaskan Alpine Glacier Surfaces, Drake Mccrimmon
Theses and Dissertations
Cryoconite are depressions in the ice surface filled with diverse microorganisms and dark debris, which are reducing albedo and increasing glacier melt. In order to understand cryoconite carbon composition and carbon sources to microorganisms living on glacier surfaces, bulk organic carbon and microbial lipids from supraglacial cryoconite sediment within the ablation zones of Spencer, Matanuska, and Mendenhall glaciers in southern Alaska have been coupled with radiocarbon (14C) analyses. The microbial lipids analyzed in these studies, phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA), are components of microbial membranes, quickly degrade after cell death, and give a snapshot of the viable microbial community. PLFA structure …
High Resolution Gravity, Helicopter Magnetic, And Electromagnetic Study, Haile Gold Mine, South Carolina, Saad Saud Alarifi
High Resolution Gravity, Helicopter Magnetic, And Electromagnetic Study, Haile Gold Mine, South Carolina, Saad Saud Alarifi
Theses and Dissertations
The goal of this research was to calibrate and test geophysical methods for the detection of disseminated sulfides in the area of the Haile Gold Mine, South Carolina. The work focused on the calibration of high resolution gravity, and helicopter electromagnetic (EM) and magnetic data provided by OceanaGold. While high resolution potential field data (gravity and magnetics) has not been proven to be effective at small scales in exploration for disseminated sulfides, there is a strong regional correlation between high amplitude gravity and magnetic anomalies and the most productive gold mines in the Carolina terrane. Helicopter EM methods have been …
Drivers Of Sediment Accumulation And Nutrient Burial In Coastal South Carolina Residential Stormwater Detention Ponds, William Schroer
Drivers Of Sediment Accumulation And Nutrient Burial In Coastal South Carolina Residential Stormwater Detention Ponds, William Schroer
Theses and Dissertations
Stormwater detention ponds are widely utilized as control structures to manage runoff waters during storm events. These sediments also represent significant sites of organic carbon and nutrient burial. Here, carbon (C) and nutrient sources and burial rates were determined in 14 residential stormwater detention ponds throughout coastal counties of South Carolina. Bulk sediment accumulation was directly correlated with catchment impervious surface coverage (R2 = 0.90) with sediment accumulation rates ranging from 0.06 to 0.50 cm y-1. These rates of sediment accumulation and subsequent pond volume loss are lower than expected indicating that required maintenance dredging schedules be reassessed. Strong, positive …
The Summerville Formation: Evidence For A Sub-Horizontal Stratigraphic Sequence Below The Post-Rift Unconformity In The Middleton Place Summerville Seismic Zone, Joseph Edward Getz
The Summerville Formation: Evidence For A Sub-Horizontal Stratigraphic Sequence Below The Post-Rift Unconformity In The Middleton Place Summerville Seismic Zone, Joseph Edward Getz
Theses and Dissertations
The Middleton Place Summerville Seismic Zone (MPSSZ) near Summerville, South Carolina was the site of renewed extensive investigation, beginning in the 1970’s, for the source of the 1886 Charleston earthquake. Reactivation of faults associated with a putative fault-bounded Triassic rift basin through analysis of seismic reflection, seismic refraction, and well data has since become the favored interpretation for the source of MPSSZ seismicity. Critical to this interpretation is the association of continental redbed sedimentary rocks in Triassic basins throughout the North American Atlantic margin. Reanalysis of 18 seismic reflection profiles and 25 seismic refraction profiles within the MPSSZ suggests that …
Glacial To Holocene Changes In Eastern Equatorial Pacific Deep-Water Chemistry And Circulation, Natalie E. Umling
Glacial To Holocene Changes In Eastern Equatorial Pacific Deep-Water Chemistry And Circulation, Natalie E. Umling
Theses and Dissertations
It has been hypothesized that the oceans store CO2 during glacial periods and then release it to the atmosphere, causing the onset of warm interglacial periods (Sigman and Boyle, 2000). Documenting this past transfer of CO2 between the oceans and atmosphere is of utmost importance for better understanding the impact that anthropogenic CO2 has and will have on Earth’s climate. The last deglaciation is a good analogue to modern increases in CO2 and temperature and is recent enough to be studied using radiocarbon. This period provides important insights into the nature of climate changes during the transition from glacial to …
Subsurface Transport In A North Inlet, South Carolina Salt Marsh: A Porewater Salinity Model, Carolyn Ryan
Subsurface Transport In A North Inlet, South Carolina Salt Marsh: A Porewater Salinity Model, Carolyn Ryan
Theses and Dissertations
Subsurface transport in coastal salt marshes influences the nutrient budget of coastal environments, but is not fully understood. To expand our understanding of this transport, a simple numerical model was developed. The model simulated vertical transport of salt through the surficial muds at a North Inlet marsh on the coastal plain of South Carolina. To improve the model, a tracer study was utilized to calculate the average velocity of groundwater flow through the system. The model was compared with porewater salinity measured using tension samplers and passive diffusion samplers. Each method produced different, uncorrelated results. However, accounting for macro-pores in …
Utilizing Structure-From-Motion Photogrammetry And Unmanned Aerial Vehicles To Characterize Variability In Fluvial Deposits From The Salt Wash Member Of The Morrison Formation, East-Central Utah, John Chesley
Theses and Dissertations
Modern fluvial systems are highly variable, often containing the entire spectrum of fluvial styles (e.g., braided to meandering). This variability is difficult to capture in ancient fluvial deposits due to limited 1- and 2-dimesional exposures, which provide only a snapshot of the depositional history at one location. As a result, researchers are forced to interpolate between exposures and develop regional scale models that often underestimate the complexity and variability seen in modern environments. Outcrops of the Upper Jurassic Salt Wash Member of the Morrison Formation in east-central Utah, USA provide a relatively unique opportunity to examine ancient fluvial sandstone bodies …
Serpentinization And Synthesis: Searching For Abiotic And Biotic Non-Volatile Organic Molecules In The Subsurface Of The Atlantis Massif, Katherine A. Hickok
Serpentinization And Synthesis: Searching For Abiotic And Biotic Non-Volatile Organic Molecules In The Subsurface Of The Atlantis Massif, Katherine A. Hickok
Theses and Dissertations
High concentrations of hydrogen created during serpentinization can promote the formation of abiotic organic carbon molecules such as methane, formate, and short chain hydrocarbons and, in laboratory experiments, larger molecules containing up to 32 carbon atoms. Subsurface archaeal and bacterial communities can use these reduced compounds for metabolic energy. International Ocean Discovery Project Expedition 357 drilled 17 boreholes into the Atlantis Massif with the goals of investigating carbon cycling and the presence of life in a zone of active serpentinization. The expedition recovered multiple lithologies including gabbros, basalts, carbonate sands, and serpentinites. A subset of contrasting lithologies were analyzed for …