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Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Discovery Of An Enzyme And Substrate Selective Inhibitor Of Adam10 Using An Exosite-Binding Glycosylated Substrate, Franck Madoux, Daniela Dreymuller, Jean-Phillipe Pettiloud, Radleigh Santos, Christoph Becker-Pauly, Andreas Ludwig, Gregg B. Fields, Thomas Bannister, Timothy P. Spicer, Mare Cudic, Louis D. Scampavia, Dmitriy Minond Dec 2016

Discovery Of An Enzyme And Substrate Selective Inhibitor Of Adam10 Using An Exosite-Binding Glycosylated Substrate, Franck Madoux, Daniela Dreymuller, Jean-Phillipe Pettiloud, Radleigh Santos, Christoph Becker-Pauly, Andreas Ludwig, Gregg B. Fields, Thomas Bannister, Timothy P. Spicer, Mare Cudic, Louis D. Scampavia, Dmitriy Minond

Mathematics Faculty Articles

ADAM10 and ADAM17 have been shown to contribute to the acquired drug resistance of HER2-positive breast cancer in response to trastuzumab. The majority of ADAM10 and ADAM17 inhibitor development has been focused on the discovery of compounds that bind the active site zinc, however, in recent years, there has been a shift from active site to secondary substrate binding site (exosite) inhibitor discovery in order to identify non-zinc-binding molecules. In the present work a glycosylated, exosite-binding substrate of ADAM10 and ADAM17 was utilized to screen 370,276 compounds from the MLPCN collection. As a result of this uHTS effort, a selective, …


Mathematical Relativity And The Nature Of The Universe, Priscila Reyes Nov 2016

Mathematical Relativity And The Nature Of The Universe, Priscila Reyes

Mathematics Colloquium Series

In this talk, I will be discussing certain space-times, which can be used to model celestial objects and events in the universe. These are solutions to Einstein's field equations, which roughly describe the relation between matter, energy and the geometry of the universe. The concept of time in relation to an observer will be demonstrated. I will also include some interesting phenomena that arise out of the unusual mathematical structure of space-times , such as Lorentz contraction, reverse Cauchy-Schwarz, and the twin paradox.


Mathematical Optimization And Applications, Teodora Suciu Nov 2016

Mathematical Optimization And Applications, Teodora Suciu

Mathematics Colloquium Series

This talk centers on mathematical optimization in the context of Calculus of Variations. Optimization involves choosing the best element from a set of choices, usually through mathematical approaches. Solving these kinds of problems is considered an essential tool in many areas of science and engineering. Additionally, various mathematics and business applications are discussed. Also explored is a real-life example with a detailed algorithm that is closely related to the Traveling Salesman problem.


Minimum Number Of Distinct Eigenvalues Of Graphs, Shahla Nasserasr Nov 2016

Minimum Number Of Distinct Eigenvalues Of Graphs, Shahla Nasserasr

Mathematics Colloquium Series

For a simple graph G on n vertices, a real symmetric nxn matrix A is said to be compatible with G, if for different i and j, the (i; j) entry of A is nonzero whenever there is an edge between the vertices i and j, it is zero otherwise. The minimum number of distinct eigenvalues, when minimum is taken over all compatible matrices with G, is denoted by q(G). In this talk, a survey of some known and new results about q(G) is presented.


Continuous Dependence And Differentiating Solutions Of A Second Order Boundary Value Problem With Average Value Condition, Samantha A. Major Nov 2016

Continuous Dependence And Differentiating Solutions Of A Second Order Boundary Value Problem With Average Value Condition, Samantha A. Major

Mathematics Colloquium Series

Using a few conditions, continuous dependence, and a result regarding smoothness of initial conditions, we show that derivatives, with respect to each of the boundary data, of solutions to a second order boundary value problem with an average value integral condition solve the associated variational equation with interesting boundary conditions.


Spatial Population Models With Fitness Based Dispersal, Chris Cosner Oct 2016

Spatial Population Models With Fitness Based Dispersal, Chris Cosner

Mathematics Colloquium Series

Traditional continuous time models in spatial ecology typically describe movement in terms of linear diffusion and advection, which combine with nonlinear population dynamics to produce semi-linear parabolic equations and systems. In environments that are favorable everywhere in the sense that the local population growth rate is always positive, organisms can use linear advection and diffusion to achieve an optimal spatial distribution. (Here optimal means evolutionarily stable.) In regions where there are environmental “sinks” where the local growth rate is negative, it does not seem possible to achieve an optimal distribution via linear dispersal. It is possible for organisms using advection …


Symmetric Integer Matrices Having Integer Eigenvalues, Lei Cao, Selcuk Koyuncu Oct 2016

Symmetric Integer Matrices Having Integer Eigenvalues, Lei Cao, Selcuk Koyuncu

Mathematics Faculty Articles

We provide characterization of symmetric integer matrices for rank at most 2 that have integer spectrum and give some constructions for such matrices of rank 3. We also make some connection between Hanlon’s conjecture and integer eigenvalue problem.


Modeling And Methods Of Signal Separations With Applications In Spectroscopic Sensing, Yuanchang Sun Sep 2016

Modeling And Methods Of Signal Separations With Applications In Spectroscopic Sensing, Yuanchang Sun

Mathematics Colloquium Series

Spectroscopic sensing is a powerful and a widely used family of techniques for detecting and identifying chemical and biological substances. For example, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relies on the magnetic properties of the atomistic nucleus to determine the molecular structures. Raman spectroscopy (RS) uses laser light scattering and the resulting energy shift of photons to sense the vibrational modes of a sample. In remote sensing, hyperspectral imaging (HSI) makes use of hundreds of contiguous spectral bands to identify nearly invisible objects at subpixel level. Differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) is based on the light absorption property of matter to identify …


An Update On A Few Permanent Conjectures, Fuzhen Zhang Aug 2016

An Update On A Few Permanent Conjectures, Fuzhen Zhang

Mathematics Faculty Articles

We review and update on a few conjectures concerning matrix permanent that are easily stated, understood, and accessible to general math audience. They are: Soules permanent-on-top conjecture†, Lieb permanent dominance conjecture, Bapat and Sunder conjecture† on Hadamard product and diagonal entries, Chollet conjecture on Hadamard product, Marcus conjecture on permanent of permanents, and several other conjectures. Some of these conjectures are recently settled; some are still open.We also raise a few new questions for future study. (†conjectures have been recently settled negatively.)


Finite Involution Semigroups With Infinite Irredundant Bases Of Identities, Edmond W. H. Lee May 2016

Finite Involution Semigroups With Infinite Irredundant Bases Of Identities, Edmond W. H. Lee

Mathematics Faculty Articles

A basis of identities for an algebra is irredundant if each of its proper subsets fails to be a basis for the algebra. The first known examples of finite involution semigroups with infinite irredundant bases are exhibited. These involution semigroups satisfy several counterintuitive properties: their semigroup reducts do not have irredundant bases, they share reducts with some other finitely based involution semigroups, and they are direct products of finitely based involution semigroups.


Identification Of Protein Palmitoylation Inhibitors From A Scaffold Ranking Library, Laura D. Hamel, Brian J. Lenhart, David A. Mitchell, Radleigh Santos, Marc A. Giulianotti, Robert J. Deschenes May 2016

Identification Of Protein Palmitoylation Inhibitors From A Scaffold Ranking Library, Laura D. Hamel, Brian J. Lenhart, David A. Mitchell, Radleigh Santos, Marc A. Giulianotti, Robert J. Deschenes

Mathematics Faculty Articles

The addition of palmitoyl moieties to proteins regulates their membrane targeting, subcellular localization, and stability. Dysregulation of the enzymes which catalyzed the palmitoyl addition and/or the substrates of these enzymes have been linked to cancer, cardiovascular, and neurological disorders, implying these enzymes and substrates are valid targets for pharmaceutical intervention. However, current chemical modulators of zDHHC PAT enzymes lack specificity and affinity, underscoring the need for screening campaigns to identify new specific, high affinity modulators. This report describes a mixture based screening approach to identify inhibitors of Erf2 activity. Erf2 is the Saccharomyces cerevisiae PAT responsible for catalyzing the palmitoylation …


Geometric Flows, Ming-Liang Cai Apr 2016

Geometric Flows, Ming-Liang Cai

Mathematics Colloquium Series

A geometric flow is a process which is defined by a differential equation and is used to evolve a geometric object from a general shape to a one with more symmetries. For example, the curve-shortening flow deforms a simple closed curve to a round one ; the Ricci flow deforms a simply connected surface (say, a football shaped one) to a round sphere. In this talk, we will give an overview of some of these geometric flows, in particular, some discussions on singularities that these flows often run into.


Asymptotic Stability Of Non-Unique Solutions Of Initial Value Problems, Muhammad Islam Mar 2016

Asymptotic Stability Of Non-Unique Solutions Of Initial Value Problems, Muhammad Islam

Mathematics Colloquium Series

We consider an initial value problem (I. V. P.) of a first order nonlinear ordinary differential equations. We assume that the I. V. P. can have more than one solution. We study a new type of stability property of these solutions. This stability is not the standard Liapunov stability, commonly studied in the field of differential equations.


Periodicity In Quantum Calculus, Jeffrey T. Neugebauer Mar 2016

Periodicity In Quantum Calculus, Jeffrey T. Neugebauer

Mathematics Colloquium Series

After a brief introduction to time scales, we will explore periodic functions on time scales. We will discuss how periodicity is defined on time scales that are not periodic. In particular, we will look at periodicity in the quantum case. Two definitions of periodicity have recently been introduced. One definition is based on the equality of areas lying below the graph of the function at each period; the other regards a periodic function to be one that repeats its values after a certain number of steps. We will show a relation between these two definitions and then use this relation …


Existence Results For Functional Dynamic Equations With Delay, Gnana Bhaskar Tenali Feb 2016

Existence Results For Functional Dynamic Equations With Delay, Gnana Bhaskar Tenali

Mathematics Colloquium Series

Time scale, arbitrary nonempty closed subset of the real numbers (with the topology and ordering inherited from the real numbers) is an efficient and general framework to study different types of problems to discover the commonalities and highlight the essential differences. Sometimes, we may need to choose an appropriate time scale to establish parallels to known results. We present a few recent results from existence theory of funcational dynamic equations including a few (counter) examples. In particular, we discuss first order functional dynamic equations with delay xDelta(t)=f(t,xt) on a time scale. Here, xt is in Crd([-tau,0],Rn) and is given by …


Algorithmic Foundations Of Heuristic Search Using Higher-Order Polygon Inequalities, Newton Henry Campbell Jr. Jan 2016

Algorithmic Foundations Of Heuristic Search Using Higher-Order Polygon Inequalities, Newton Henry Campbell Jr.

CCE Theses and Dissertations

The shortest path problem in graphs is both a classic combinatorial optimization problem and a practical problem that admits many applications. Techniques for preprocessing a graph are useful for reducing shortest path query times. This dissertation studies the foundations of a class of algorithms that use preprocessed landmark information and the triangle inequality to guide A* search in graphs. A new heuristic is presented for solving shortest path queries that enables the use of higher order polygon inequalities. We demonstrate this capability by leveraging distance information from two landmarks when visiting a vertex as opposed to the common single landmark …


Decomposition Of Finite Schmidt Rank Bounded Operators On The Tensor Product Of Separable Hilbert Spaces, Abdelkrim Bourouihiya Jan 2016

Decomposition Of Finite Schmidt Rank Bounded Operators On The Tensor Product Of Separable Hilbert Spaces, Abdelkrim Bourouihiya

Mathematics Faculty Articles

Inverse formulas for the tensor product are used to develop an algorithm to compute Schmidt decompositions of Finite Schmidt Rank (FSR) bounded operators on the tensor product of separable Hilbert spaces. The algorithm is then applied to solve inverse problems related to the tensor product of bounded operators. In particular, we show how properties of a FSR bounded operator are reflected by the operators involved in its Schmidt decomposition. These properties include compactness of FSR bounded operators and convergence of sequences whose terms are FSR bounded operators.


Energy-Conserving Numerical Scheme For The Poisson-Nerst-Plank Equations, Julienne Kabre Jan 2016

Energy-Conserving Numerical Scheme For The Poisson-Nerst-Plank Equations, Julienne Kabre

Mathematics Faculty Proceedings, Presentations, Speeches, Lectures

Preliminary report.
The Poisson-Nernst-Planck equations are a system of nonlinear partial differential equations that describe flow of charged particles in solution. In particular, we are interested in the transport of ions in the biological membrane proteins (ion channels). This work is about the design of numerical schemes that preserve exactly (up to roundoff error) a discretized form of the energy dynamics of the system. We will present a scheme that achieves the goal of preserving the energy dissipation law and some preliminary numerical results.