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Articles 1 - 30 of 38
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Fail-Safe Test Generation Of Safety Critical Systems, Salwa Elakeili
Fail-Safe Test Generation Of Safety Critical Systems, Salwa Elakeili
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation introduces a technique for testing proper failure mitigation in safety critical systems. Unlike other approaches which integrate behavioral and failure models, and then generate tests from the integrated model, we build safety mitigation tests from an existing behavioral test suite, using an explicit mitigation model for which we generate mitigation paths which are then woven at selected failure points into the original test suite to create failure-mitigation tests (safety mitigation test).
Broadband Coherent Perfect Absorption In One-Dimensional Optical Systems, Massimo Maximilian Villinger
Broadband Coherent Perfect Absorption In One-Dimensional Optical Systems, Massimo Maximilian Villinger
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Absorption plays a critical role in a variety of optical applications – sometimes it is desirable to minimize it as in optical fibers and waveguides, or to enhance it as in solar cells and photodetectors. We describe here a new optical scheme that controllably produces high optical absorption over a broad wavelength range (hundreds of nm) in systems that have low intrinsic absorption over the same range. This effect, 'coherent perfect absorption' or CPA, arises from a subtle interplay between interference and absorption of two beams incident on a weakly absorbing medium. In the first part of this study, we …
Reasoning Tradeoffs In Implicit Invocation And Aspect Oriented Languages, Jose Sanchez Salazar
Reasoning Tradeoffs In Implicit Invocation And Aspect Oriented Languages, Jose Sanchez Salazar
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
To reason about a program means to state or conclude, by logical means, some properties the program exhibits; like its correctness according to certain expected behavior. The continuous need for more ambitious, more complex, and more dependable software systems demands for better mechanisms to modularize them and reason about their correctness. The reasoning process is affected by the design decisions made by the developer of the program and by the features supported by the programming language used. Beyond Object Orientation, Implicit Invocation and Aspect Oriented languages pose very hard reasoning challenges. Important tradeoffs must be considered while reasoning about a …
True Linearized Intensity Modulation For Photonic Analog To Digital Conversion Using An Injection-Locked Mode-Locked Laser, Edris Sarailou
True Linearized Intensity Modulation For Photonic Analog To Digital Conversion Using An Injection-Locked Mode-Locked Laser, Edris Sarailou
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
A true linearized interferometric intensity modulator for pulsed light has been proposed and experimentally presented in this thesis. This has been achieved by introducing a mode-locked laser into one of the arms of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer and injection-locking it to the input light (which is pulsed and periodic). By modulating the injection-locked laser, and combining its output light with the light from the other arm of interferometer in quadrature, one can achieve true linearized intensity modulator. This linearity comes from the arcsine phase response of the injection-locked mode-locked laser (as suggested by steady-state solution of Adler's equation) when it is …
Improving Fairness, Throughput And Blocking Performance For Long Haul And Short Reach Optical Networks, Sana Tariq
Improving Fairness, Throughput And Blocking Performance For Long Haul And Short Reach Optical Networks, Sana Tariq
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Innovations in optical communication are expected to transform the landscape of global communications, internet and datacenter networks. This dissertation investigates several important issues in optical communication such as fairness, throughput, blocking probability and differentiated quality of service (QoS). Novel algorithms and new approaches have been presented to improve the performance of optical circuit switching (OCS) and optical burst switching (OBS) for long haul, and datacenter networks. Extensive simulations tests have been conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms. These simulation tests were performed over a number of network topologies such as ring, mesh and U.S. Long-Haul, some high …
Liquid Crystal-Based Biosensors For The Detection Of Bile Acids, Sihui He
Liquid Crystal-Based Biosensors For The Detection Of Bile Acids, Sihui He
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Bile acids are physiologically important metabolites, which are synthesized in liver as the end products of cholesterol metabolism and then secreted into intestine. They are amphiphilic molecules which play a critical role in the digestion and absorption of fats and fat-soluble vitamins through emulsification. The concentration of bile acids is an indicator for liver function. Individual suffering from liver diseases has a sharp increase in bile acid concentrations. Hence, the concentration level of bile acids has long been used as a biomarker for the early diagnosis of intestinal and liver diseases. Conventional methods of bile acid detection such as chromatography-mass …
Functional Characterization Of Green Sorption Media And Scaling Of Pilot Studies For Copper Removal In Stormwater Runoff, Cameron Houmann
Functional Characterization Of Green Sorption Media And Scaling Of Pilot Studies For Copper Removal In Stormwater Runoff, Cameron Houmann
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Green adsorption media with the inclusion of renewable and recycled materials can be applied as a stormwater best management practice for copper removal. A green adsorption media mixture composed of recycled tire chunk, expanded clay aggregate, and coconut coir was physicochemically evaluated for its potential use in an upflow media filter. The results found that the use of the green adsorption media mixture in isolation or the coconut coir with an expanded clay filtration chamber could be an effective and reliable stormwater best management practice for copper removal. A suite of tests were conducted on the media mixture and the …
High Efficiency And Wide Color Gamut Liquid Crystal Displays, Zhenyue Luo
High Efficiency And Wide Color Gamut Liquid Crystal Displays, Zhenyue Luo
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Liquid crystal display (LCD) has become ubiquitous and indispensable in our daily life. Recently, it faces strong competition from organic light emitting diode (OLED). In order to maintain a strong leader position, LCD camp has an urgent need to enrich the color performance and reduce the power consumption. This dissertation focuses on solving these two emerging and important challenges. In the first part of the dissertation we investigate the quantum dot (QD) technology to improve the both the color gamut and the light efficiency of LCD. QD emits saturated color and grants LCD the capability to reproduce color vivid images. …
Computerized Evaluatution Of Microsurgery Skills Training, Payal Jotwani
Computerized Evaluatution Of Microsurgery Skills Training, Payal Jotwani
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The style of imparting medical training has evolved, over the years. The traditional methods of teaching and practicing basic surgical skills under apprenticeship model, no longer occupy the first place in modern technically demanding advanced surgical disciplines like neurosurgery. Furthermore, the legal and ethical concerns for patient safety as well as cost-effectiveness have forced neurosurgeons to master the necessary microsurgical techniques to accomplish desired results. This has lead to increased emphasis on assessment of clinical and surgical techniques of the neurosurgeons. However, the subjective assessment of microsurgical techniques like micro-suturing under the apprenticeship model cannot be completely unbiased. A few …
Entanglement And Coherence In Classical And Quantum Optics, Kumel Kagalwala
Entanglement And Coherence In Classical And Quantum Optics, Kumel Kagalwala
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
We explore the concepts of coherence and entanglement as they apply to both the classical and quantum natures of light. In the classical domain, we take inspiration from the tools and concepts developed in foundational quantum mechanics and quantum information science to gain a better understanding of classical coherence theory of light with multiple degrees of freedom (DoFs). First, we use polarization and spatial parity DoFs to demonstrate the notion of classical entanglement, and show that Bell's measure can serve as a useful tool in distinguishing between classical optical coherence theory. Second, we establish a methodical yet versatile approach called …
Modeling The Impact Of Future Climate On Drainage Infrastructures, Tyler J. Baumbach
Modeling The Impact Of Future Climate On Drainage Infrastructures, Tyler J. Baumbach
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Research has shown a potential 20% increase in future heavy and extreme precipitation events over the Midwestern States. Drainage infrastructures designed using current design conditions may not be able to convey projected runoffs resulting in flooding and damage to infrastructure. The objective of this paper is to determine the effects of future climate variability on culvert selections in a southwest South Dakota watershed. The scope of the study was defined through a comprehensive literature review. Future climate events were based on a 20% increase in current annual precipitation over the Upper White River Subbasin Watershed. A portion of the White …
Conservation Laws And Electromagnetic Interactions, Veerachart Kajorndejnukul
Conservation Laws And Electromagnetic Interactions, Veerachart Kajorndejnukul
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Aside from energy, light carries linear and angular momenta that can be transferred to matter. The interaction between light and matter is governed by conservation laws that can manifest themselves as mechanical effects acting on both matter and light waves. This interaction permits remote, precise, and noninvasive manipulation and sensing at microscopic levels. In this dissertation, we demonstrated for the first time a complete set of opto-mechanical effects that are based on nonconservative forces and act at the interface between dielectric media. Without structuring the light field, forward action is provided by the conventional radiation pressure while a backward movement …
Nanoscale Control Of Gap-Plasmon Enhanced Optical Processes, Chatdanai Lumdee
Nanoscale Control Of Gap-Plasmon Enhanced Optical Processes, Chatdanai Lumdee
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Surface plasmon resonances of metal nanostructures have been studied intensely in recent years. The strong plasmon-mediated electric field enhancement and field confinement well beyond the diffraction limit has been demonstrated to improve the performance of optical devices including ultrasensitive sensors, light emitters, and optical absorbers. A plasmon resonance mode of particular recent interest is the gap plasmon resonance that occurs on closely spaced metallic structures. In contrast to plasmon resonances supported by isolated metal nanostructures, coupled nanostructures provide additional spectral and spatial control over the plasmon resonance response. For example, the resonance frequencies of metal nanoparticle dimers depend strongly on …
Photon Statistics In Disordered Lattices, Hasan Kondakci
Photon Statistics In Disordered Lattices, Hasan Kondakci
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Propagation of coherent waves through disordered media, whether optical, acoustic, or radio waves, results in a spatially redistributed random intensity pattern known as speckle -- a statistical phenomenon. The subject of this dissertation is the statistics of monochromatic coherent light traversing disordered photonic lattices and its dependence on the disorder class, the level of disorder and the excitation configuration at the input. Throughout the dissertation, two disorder classes are considered, namely, diagonal and off-diagonal disorders. The latter exhibits disorder-immune chiral symmetry -- the appearance of the eigenmodes in skew-symmetric pairs and the corresponding eigenvalues in opposite signs. When a disordered …
Nonlinear Optical Response Of Simple Molecules And Two-Photon Semiconductor Lasers, Matthew Reichert
Nonlinear Optical Response Of Simple Molecules And Two-Photon Semiconductor Lasers, Matthew Reichert
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation investigates two long standing issues in nonlinear optics: complete characterization of the ultrafast dynamics of simple molecules, and the potential of a two-photon laser using a bulk semiconductor gain medium. Within the Born-Oppenheimer approximation, nonlinear refraction in molecular liquids and gases can arise from both bound-electronic and nuclear origins. Knowledge of the magnitudes, temporal dynamics, polarization and spectral dependences of each of these mechanisms is important for many applications including filamentation, white-light continuum generation, all-optical switching, and nonlinear spectroscopy. In this work the nonlinear dynamics of molecules are investigated in both liquid and gas phase with the recently …
Modeling Social Norms In Real-World Agent-Based Simulations, Rahmatollah Beheshti
Modeling Social Norms In Real-World Agent-Based Simulations, Rahmatollah Beheshti
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Studying and simulating social systems including human groups and societies can be a complex problem. In order to build a model that simulates humans' actions, it is necessary to consider the major factors that affect human behavior. Norms are one of these factors: social norms are the customary rules that govern behavior in groups and societies. Norms are everywhere around us, from the way people handshake or bow to the clothes they wear. They play a large role in determining our behaviors. Studies on norms are much older than the age of computer science, since normative studies have been a …
Research On Improving Reliability, Energy Efficiency And Scalability In Distributed And Parallel File Systems, Junyao Zhang
Research On Improving Reliability, Energy Efficiency And Scalability In Distributed And Parallel File Systems, Junyao Zhang
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
With the increasing popularity of cloud computing and "Big data" applications, current data centers are often required to manage petabytes or exabytes of data. To store this huge amount of data, thousands or tens of thousands storage nodes are required at a single site. This imposes three major challenges for storage system designers: (1) Reliability---node failure in these datacenters is a normal occurrence rather than a rare situation. This makes data reliability a great concern. (2) Energy efficiency---a data center can consume up to 100 times more energy than a standard office building. More than 10% of this energy consumption …
Optical Propagation Of Self-Sustaining Wavefronts And Nonlinear Dynamics In Parabolic Multimode Fibers, Matthew Mills
Optical Propagation Of Self-Sustaining Wavefronts And Nonlinear Dynamics In Parabolic Multimode Fibers, Matthew Mills
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The aim of this thesis is to introduce my work which has generally been focused on optical wavefronts that have the unusual property of resisting commonplace phenomena such as diffraction and dispersion. Interestingly, these special beams are found both in linear and nonlinear situations. For example, in the linear regime, localized spatio-temporal waves which resemble the spherical harmonic symmetries of the hydrogen quantum orbitals can simultaneously negotiate both diffractive and dispersive effects. In the nonlinear regime, dressed optical filaments can be arranged to propagate multi-photon produced plasma channels orders of magnitude longer than expected. The first portion of this dissertation …
An Integrated Framework For Automated Data Collection And Processing For Discrete Event Simulation Models, Carlos Rodriguez
An Integrated Framework For Automated Data Collection And Processing For Discrete Event Simulation Models, Carlos Rodriguez
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Discrete Events Simulation (DES) is a powerful tool of modeling and analysis used in different disciplines. DES models require data in order to determine the different parameters that drive the simulations. The literature about DES input data management indicates that the preparation of necessary input data is often a highly manual process, which causes inefficiencies, significant time consumption and a negative user experience. The focus of this research investigation is addressing the manual data collection and processing (MDCAP) problem prevalent in DES projects. This research investigation presents an integrated framework to solve the MDCAP problem by classifying the data needed …
Modeling Crowd Mobility And Communication In Wireless Networks, Gurkan Solmaz
Modeling Crowd Mobility And Communication In Wireless Networks, Gurkan Solmaz
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation presents contributions to the fields of mobility modeling, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) with mobile sinks, and opportunistic communication in theme parks. The two main directions of our contributions are human mobility models and strategies for the mobile sink positioning and communication in wireless networks. The first direction of the dissertation is related to human mobility modeling. Modeling the movement of human subjects is important to improve the performance of wireless networks with human participants and the validation of such networks through simulations. The movements in areas such as theme parks follow specific patterns that are not taken into …
Development Of An Automated Method For Identification Of Wet And Dry Channel Segments Using Lidar Data And Fuzzy Logic Cluster Analysis, Chris Rowney
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Research into the use of LiDAR data for purposes other than simple topographic elevation determination, such as urban land cover classification and the identification of forest biomass, has become prominent in recent years. In many cases, alternative analysis methodologies conducted using airborne LiDAR data are possible because the raw data collected during a survey can include information other than the classically used elevation and coordinate points, the X, Y, and Z of the plane. In particular, intensity return values for each point in a LiDAR grid have been found to provide a useful data set for wet and dry channel …
Towards High-Flux Isolated Attosecond Pulses With A 200 Tw Cpa, Eric Cunningham
Towards High-Flux Isolated Attosecond Pulses With A 200 Tw Cpa, Eric Cunningham
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Attosecond pulses have been developed as a means for investigating phenomena that proceed on the order of the atomic unit of time (24 as). Unfortunately, these extreme ultraviolet (XUV) pulses by themselves contain too few photons to initiate nonlinear dynamics or dress states in an attosecond pump--attosecond probe scheme. As a result, most attosecond experiments thus far have featured complementary near infrared (NIR) femtosecond lasers for instigating electron dynamics. In order to access the benefits of all-attosecond measurements and open attosecond physics to new fields of exploration, the photon flux of these pulses must be increased. One way to boost …
Nano And Nanostructured Materials For Optical Applications, Panit Chantharasupawong
Nano And Nanostructured Materials For Optical Applications, Panit Chantharasupawong
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Nano and nanostructured materials offer unique physical and chemical properties that differ considerably from their bulk counterparts. For decades, due to their fascinating properties, they have been extensively explored and found to be beneficial in numerous applications. These materials are key components in many cutting-edge optic and photonic technologies, including photovoltaics, waveguides and sensors. In this dissertation, the uses of nano and nanostructured materials for optical applications are investigated in the context of optical limiting, three dimensional displays, and optical sensing. Nanomaterials with nonlinear optical responses are promising candidates for self-activating optical limiters. In the first part of this study, …
Autonomous Quadcopter Videographer, Quiquia Rey Coaguila
Autonomous Quadcopter Videographer, Quiquia Rey Coaguila
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In recent years, the interest in quadcopters as a robotics platform for autonomous photography has increased. This is due to their small size and mobility, which allow them to reach places that are difficult or even impossible for humans. This thesis focuses on the design of an autonomous quadcopter videographer, i.e. a quadcopter capable of capturing good footage of a specific subject. In order to obtain this footage, the system needs to choose appropriate vantage points and control the quadcopter. Skilled human videographers can easily spot good filming locations where the subject and its actions can be seen clearly in …
Low Absorption Liquid Crystal Materials For Midwave Infrared, Amy Creekmore
Low Absorption Liquid Crystal Materials For Midwave Infrared, Amy Creekmore
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Liquid crystal is an amazing class of soft matters with applications spanning from visible, infrared, millimeter wave, to terahertz. In addition to direct-view displays and projection displays, liquid crystal is also widely used in adaptive optics, tunable-focus lens, and laser beam steering. Although the visible region has well developed materials and mixtures for the vast variety of applications, the midwave infrared (MWIR) region of the electromagnetic spectrum invites much development as only a few materials have been developed with these applications in mind. Unlike visible region, the major challenge for mid-wave infrared liquid crystal is inherently large absorption loss. To …
Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition Of Functional Oxide Materials For Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells, Kristopher Davis
Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition Of Functional Oxide Materials For Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells, Kristopher Davis
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Functional oxides are versatile materials that can simultaneously enable efficiency gains and cost reductions in crystalline silicon (c-Si) solar cells. In this work, the deposition of functional oxide materials using atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition (APCVD) and the integration of these materials into c-Si solar cells are explored. Specifically, thin oxide films and multi-layer film stacks are utilized for the following purposes: (1) to minimize front surface reflectance without increasing parasitic absorption within the anti-reflection coating(s); (2) to maximize internal back reflectance of rear passivated cells, thereby increasing optical absorption of weakly absorbed long wavelength photons (? > 900 nm); (3) …
Two-Photon Absorption In Bulk Semiconductors And Quantum Well Structures And Its Applications, Himansu Pattanaik
Two-Photon Absorption In Bulk Semiconductors And Quantum Well Structures And Its Applications, Himansu Pattanaik
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this dissertation is to provide a study and possible applications of two-photon absorption (2PA), in direct-gap semiconductors and quantum-well (QW) semiconductor structures. One application uses extremely nondegenerate (END) 2PA, for mid-infrared (mid-IR) detection in uncooled semiconductors. The use of END, where the two photons have very different energies gives strong enhancement comapared to degenerate 2PA. This END-2PA enhanced detection is also applied to mid-IR imaging and light detection and ranging (LIDAR) in uncooled direct-gap photodiodes. A theoretical study of degenerate 2PA (D-2PA) in quantum wells, QWs, is presented, along with a new theory of ND 2PA in …
The Design, Implementation, And Refinement Of Wait-Free Algorithms And Containers, Steven Feldman
The Design, Implementation, And Refinement Of Wait-Free Algorithms And Containers, Steven Feldman
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
My research has been on the development of concurrent algorithms for shared memory systems that provide guarantees of progress. Research into such algorithms is important to developers implementing applications on mission critical and time sensitive systems. These guarantees of progress provide safety properties and freedom from many hazards, such as dead-lock, live-lock, and thread starvation. In addition to the safety concerns, the fine-grained synchronization used in implementing these algorithms promises to provide scalable performance in massively parallel systems. My research has resulted in the development of wait-free versions of the stack, hash map, ring buffer, vector, and a multi-word compare-and-swap …
Providing Context To The Clues: Recovery And Reliability Of Location Data From Android Devices, Connie Bell
Providing Context To The Clues: Recovery And Reliability Of Location Data From Android Devices, Connie Bell
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Mobile device data continues to increase in significance in both civil and criminal investigations. Location data is often of particular interest. To date, research has established that the devices are location aware, incorporate a variety of resources to obtain location information, and cache the information in various ways. However, a review of the existing research suggests varying degrees of reliability of any such recovered location data. In an effort to clarify the issue, this project offers case studies of multiple Android mobile devices utilized in controlled conditions with known settings and applications in documented locations. The study uses data recovered …
Transverse Mode Selection And Brightness Enhancement In Laser Resonators By Means Of Volume Bragg Gratings, Brian Anderson
Transverse Mode Selection And Brightness Enhancement In Laser Resonators By Means Of Volume Bragg Gratings, Brian Anderson
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The design of high power lasers requires large mode areas to overcome various intensity driven nonlinear effects. Increasing the aperture size within the laser can overcome these effects, but typically result in multi-transverse mode output and reduced beam quality, limiting the brightness of the system. As one possible solution, the angular selectivity of a diffractive optical element is proposed as a spatial filter, allowing for the design of compact high brightness sources not possible with conventional methods of transverse mode selection. This thesis explores the angular selectivity of volume Bragg gratings (VBGs) and their use as spatial transverse mode filters …