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- Art and Science, Art History, Physical Optics, Light, Cognitive Psychology, Cognitive Linguistics, Poetry, optics, and Pierre-Auguste Renoir (1)
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Articles 1 - 26 of 26
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
A Comparative Analysis Of Numerical Approaches To The Mechanics Of Elastic Sheets, Michael Taylor, Benny Davidovitch, Zhanlong Qiu, Katia Bertoldi
A Comparative Analysis Of Numerical Approaches To The Mechanics Of Elastic Sheets, Michael Taylor, Benny Davidovitch, Zhanlong Qiu, Katia Bertoldi
Benny Davidovitch
No abstract provided.
A Sheet On Deformable Sphere: "Wrinklogami" Patterns Suppress Curvature-Induced Delamination, Evan Hohlfeld, Benny Davidovitch
A Sheet On Deformable Sphere: "Wrinklogami" Patterns Suppress Curvature-Induced Delamination, Evan Hohlfeld, Benny Davidovitch
Benny Davidovitch
No abstract provided.
Chemical Potential In The First Law For Holographic Entanglement Entropy, David Kastor, Sourya Ray, Jennie Traschen
Chemical Potential In The First Law For Holographic Entanglement Entropy, David Kastor, Sourya Ray, Jennie Traschen
David Kastor
Entanglement entropy in conformal field theories is known to satisfy a first law. For spherical entangling surfaces, this has been shown to follow via the AdS/CFT correspondence and the holographic prescription for entanglement entropy from the bulk first law for Killing horizons. The bulk first law can be extended to include variations in the cosmological constant Λ, which we established in earlier work. Here we show that this implies an extension of the boundary first law to include varying the number of degrees of freedom of the boundary CFT. The thermodynamic potential conjugate to Λ in the bulk is called …
Innovative Representations Of Light, Behaving As Both Particles And Waves, Among The Paintings Of Monet And Renoir, Charles Smith
Innovative Representations Of Light, Behaving As Both Particles And Waves, Among The Paintings Of Monet And Renoir, Charles Smith
Charles Kay Smith
Monet and Renoir, friends collaborating in open air about 1865, discovered that sunlight filtering through a canopy of tree leaves does not produce the splotches and dapples that studio artists conventionally represented at the time but circles of light. Sometimes the circles of light punctuating the shade are clear, separate and crisp, as though light is being propagated as particles, but if the pin-hole gaps between leaves are very close together, they will project compound or superimposed circles that look like the waves that Thomas Young saw in his double slit experiment in 1803-4. Newton’s Opticks published in 1704 had …
Non-Vacuum Ads Cosmologies And The Approach To Equilibrium Of Entanglement Entropy, Sebastian Fischetti, David Kastor, Jennie Traschen
Non-Vacuum Ads Cosmologies And The Approach To Equilibrium Of Entanglement Entropy, Sebastian Fischetti, David Kastor, Jennie Traschen
David Kastor
We extend standard results for vacuum asymptotically locally AdS (AlAdS) spacetimes, showing that such spacetimes can be constructed as foliations where the induced metric on each hypersurface satisfies Einstein's equation with stress-energy. By an appropriate choice of stress-energy on the hypersurfaces, the resulting AlAdS spacetime satisfies Einstein's equation with a negative cosmological constant and physical stress tensor. We use this construction to obtain AlAdS solutions whose boundaries are FRW cosmologies sourced by a massless scalar field or by a perfect fluid obeying the strong energy condition. We focus on FRW universes that approach Minkowski spacetime at late times, yielding AlAdS …
Dissipative Superfluid Mass Flux Through Solid 4he, Ye. Vekhov, Robert Hallock
Dissipative Superfluid Mass Flux Through Solid 4he, Ye. Vekhov, Robert Hallock
Robert Hallock
The thermomechanical effect in superfluid helium is used to create an initial chemical potential difference ∆u_0 across a solid 4_He sample. This ∆u_0 causes a flow of helium atoms from one reservoir filled with superfluid helium, through a sample cell filled with solid helium, to another superfluid-filled reservoir until potential equilibrium between the reservoirs is restored. The solid helium sample is separated from each of the reservoirs by Vycor rods that allow only the superfluid component to flow. With an improved technique, measurements of the flow F at several fixed solid helium temperatures T have been made as a function …
Mechanics Of Large Folds In Thin Interfacial Films, Vincent Demery, Benny Davidovitch, Christian D. Santangelo
Mechanics Of Large Folds In Thin Interfacial Films, Vincent Demery, Benny Davidovitch, Christian D. Santangelo
Benny Davidovitch
A thin film at a liquid interface responds to uniaxial confinement by wrinkling and then by folding; its shape and energy have been computed exactly before self contact. Here, we address the mechanics of large folds, i.e. folds that absorb a length much larger than the wrinkle wavelength. With scaling arguments and numerical simulations, we show that the antisymmetric fold is energetically favorable and can absorb any excess length at zero pressure. Then, motivated by puzzles arising in the comparison of this simple model to experiments on lipid monolayers and capillary rafts, we discuss how to incorporate film weight, selfadhesion …
Roadmap To The Morphological Instabilities Of A Stretched Twisted Ribbon, Julien Chopin, Vincent Demery, Benny Davidovitch
Roadmap To The Morphological Instabilities Of A Stretched Twisted Ribbon, Julien Chopin, Vincent Demery, Benny Davidovitch
Benny Davidovitch
We address the mechanics of an elastic ribbon subjected to twist and tensile load. Motivated by the classical work of green and a recent experiment that discovered a plethora of morphological instabilities, we introduce a comprehensive theoretical framework through which we construct a 4D phase diagram of this basic system, spanned by the exerted twist and tension as well as the thickness and length of the ribbon. Different types of instabilities appear in various "corners" of this 4D parameter space, and are addressed through distinct types of asymptotic methods. Our theory employs three instruments, whose concerted implementation is necessary to …
Entropy- And Flow- Induced Superfluid States, Johan Carlström, Egor Babaev
Entropy- And Flow- Induced Superfluid States, Johan Carlström, Egor Babaev
Egor Babaev
No abstract provided.
Universal Temperature Dependence, Flux Extinction And The Role Of 3he Impurities In Superfluid Mass Transport Through Solid 4he, Ye. Vekhov, W. J. Mullin, Robert B. Hallock
Universal Temperature Dependence, Flux Extinction And The Role Of 3he Impurities In Superfluid Mass Transport Through Solid 4he, Ye. Vekhov, W. J. Mullin, Robert B. Hallock
Robert Hallock
The mass flux, F, carried by as-grown solid 4_He in the range 25.6-26.3 bar rises with falling temperature, and at a concentration-dependent temperature, T_d, the flux decreases sharply within a few mK. We study F as a function of 3_He impurity concentration, χ. We find that T_(d )is an increasing function of increasing χ. At temperatures above T_d the flux has a universal temperature dependence and the flux terminates in a narrow window near a characteristic temperature T_h ≈ 625 mK, which is independent of χ.
Magnetic Fields In An Expanding Universe, David Kastor, Jennie Traschen
Magnetic Fields In An Expanding Universe, David Kastor, Jennie Traschen
David Kastor
We find a solution to 4D Einstein-Maxwell theory coupled to a massless dilaton field describing a Melvin magnetic field in an expanding universe with 'stiff matter' equation of state parameter w=+1. As the universe expands, magnetic flux becomes more concentrated around the symmetry axis for dilaton coupling a<1/3√ and more dispersed for a>1/3√. An electric field circulates around the symmetry axis in the direction determined by Lenz's law. For a=0 the magnetic flux through a disk of fixed comoving radius is proportional to the proper area of the disk. This result disagrees with the usual expectation based on a test magnetic field that this …
Domain Walls And Their Experimental Signatures In S + Is Superconductors, Julien Garaud, Egor Babaev
Domain Walls And Their Experimental Signatures In S + Is Superconductors, Julien Garaud, Egor Babaev
Egor Babaev
No abstract provided.
Honeycomb, Square, And Kagome Vortex Lattices In Superconducting Systems With Multi-Scale Inter-Vortex Interactions, Qingyou Meng, Christopher N. Varney, Hans Fangohr, Egor Babaev
Honeycomb, Square, And Kagome Vortex Lattices In Superconducting Systems With Multi-Scale Inter-Vortex Interactions, Qingyou Meng, Christopher N. Varney, Hans Fangohr, Egor Babaev
Egor Babaev
The recent proposal of Romero-Isart et al. [1] to utilize the vortex lattice phases of superconducting materials to prepare a lattice for ultra-cold atoms-based quantum emulators, raises the need to create and control vortex lattices of different symmetries. Here we propose a mechanism by which honeycomb, hexagonal, square, and kagome vortex lattices could be created in superconducting systems with multi-scale inter-vortex interaction. Multiple scales of the inter-vortex interaction can be created and controlled in layered systems made of different superconducting material or with differing interlayer spacing.
Mechanics Of Large Folds In Thin Interfacial Films, Vincent Demery, Benny Davidovitch, Christian Santangelo
Mechanics Of Large Folds In Thin Interfacial Films, Vincent Demery, Benny Davidovitch, Christian Santangelo
Christian Santangelo
A thin film confined to a liquid interface responds to uniaxial compression by wrinkling, and then by folding, that has been solved exactly before self-contact. Here, we address the mechanics of large folds, i.e., folds that absorb a length much larger than the wrinkle wavelength. With scaling arguments and numerical simulations, we show that the antisymmetric fold is energetically favorable and can absorb any excess length at zero pressure. Then, motivated by puzzles arising in the comparison of this simple model to experiments on lipid monolayers or capillary rafts, we discuss how to incorporate film weight, self-adhesion, or energy dissipation.
Nonuniform Growth And Topological Defects In The Shaping Of Elastic Sheets, Nakul Bende, Ryan C. Hayward, Christian Santangelo
Nonuniform Growth And Topological Defects In The Shaping Of Elastic Sheets, Nakul Bende, Ryan C. Hayward, Christian Santangelo
Christian Santangelo
We demonstrate that shapes with zero Gaussian curvature, except at singularities, produced by the growth-induced buckling of a thin elastic sheet are the same as those produced by the Volterra construction of topological defects in which edges of an intrinsically flat surface are identified. With this connection, we study the problem of choosing an optimal pattern of growth for a prescribed developable surface, finding a fundamental trade-off between optimal design and the accuracy of the resulting shape which can be quantified by the length along which an edge should be identified.
Comparing Monte Carlo Methods For Finding Ground States Of Ising Spin Glasses: Population Annealing, Simulated Annealing And Parallel Tempering, Wenlong Wang, Jonathan Machta, Helmut G. Katzgraber
Comparing Monte Carlo Methods For Finding Ground States Of Ising Spin Glasses: Population Annealing, Simulated Annealing And Parallel Tempering, Wenlong Wang, Jonathan Machta, Helmut G. Katzgraber
Jonathan Machta
Population annealing is a Monte Carlo algorithm that marries features from simulated annealing and parallel tempering Monte Carlo. As such, it is ideal to overcome large energy barriers in the free-energy landscape while minimizing a Hamiltonian. Thus, population annealing Monte Carlo can be used as a heuristic to solve combinatorial optimization problems. We illustrate the capabilities of population annealing Monte Carlo by computing ground states of the three-dimensional Ising spin glass with Gaussian disorder, whilst comparing to simulated annealing and parallel tempering Monte Carlo. Our results suggest that population annealing Monte Carlo is significantly more effiicient than simulated annealing but …
Evidence Against A Mean-Field Description Of Short-Range Spin Glasses Revealed Through Thermal Boundary Conditions, Wenlong Wang, Jonathan Machta, Helmut G. Katzgraber
Evidence Against A Mean-Field Description Of Short-Range Spin Glasses Revealed Through Thermal Boundary Conditions, Wenlong Wang, Jonathan Machta, Helmut G. Katzgraber
Jonathan Machta
A theoretical description of the low-temperature phase of short-range spin glasses has remained elusive for decades. In particular, it is unclear if theories that assert a single pair of pure states, or theories that are based on infinitely many pure states—such as replica symmetry breaking—best describe realistic short-range systems. To resolve this controversy, the three-dimensional Edwards-Anderson Ising spin glass in thermal boundary conditions is studied numerically using population annealing Monte Carlo. In thermal boundary conditions all eight combinations of periodic vs antiperiodic boundary conditions in the three spatial directions appear in the ensemble with their respective Boltzmann weights, thus minimizing …
Low-Temperature Behavior Of The Statistics Of The Overlap Distribution In Ising Spin-Glass Models, Matthew Wittmann, B. Yucesoy, Helmut G. Katzgraber, Jonathan Machta, A. P. Young
Low-Temperature Behavior Of The Statistics Of The Overlap Distribution In Ising Spin-Glass Models, Matthew Wittmann, B. Yucesoy, Helmut G. Katzgraber, Jonathan Machta, A. P. Young
Jonathan Machta
Using Monte Carlo simulations, we study in detail the overlap distribution for individual samples for several spin-glass models including the infinite-range Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model, short-range Edwards-Anderson models in three and four space dimensions, and one-dimensional long-range models with diluted power-law interactions. We study three long-range models with different powers as follows: The first is approximately equivalent to a short-range model in three dimensions, the second to a short-range model in four dimensions, and the third to a short-range model in the mean-field regime. We study an observable proposed earlier by some of us which aims to distinguish the “replica symmetry breaking” …
Muon-Spin Rotation Measurements Of The Vortex State In Sr2ruo4: Type-1.5 Superconductivity, Vortex Clustering And A Crossover From A Triangular To A Square Vortex Lattice, S.J. Ray, A.S. Gibbs, S.J. Bending, P.J. Curran, Egor Babaev, C. Baines, A.P. Mackenzie, S.L. Lee
Muon-Spin Rotation Measurements Of The Vortex State In Sr2ruo4: Type-1.5 Superconductivity, Vortex Clustering And A Crossover From A Triangular To A Square Vortex Lattice, S.J. Ray, A.S. Gibbs, S.J. Bending, P.J. Curran, Egor Babaev, C. Baines, A.P. Mackenzie, S.L. Lee
Egor Babaev
Muon-spin rotation has been used to probe the vortex state in Sr2RuO4. At moderate fields and temperatures a lattice of triangular symmetry is observed, crossing over to a lattice of square symmetry with increasing field and temperature. At lower fields it is found that there are large regions of the sample that are completely free from vortices which grow in volume as the temperature falls. Importantly this is accompanied by increasing vortex density and increasing disorder within the vortex-cluster-containing regions. Both effects are expected to result from the strongly temperature-dependent long-range vortex attractive forces arising from the multiband chiral-order superconductivity.
Skyrmions Induced By Dissipationless Drag In U(1) U (1) Superconductors, Julien Garaud, Karl A. H. Sellin, Juha JAykk, Egor Babaev
Skyrmions Induced By Dissipationless Drag In U(1) U (1) Superconductors, Julien Garaud, Karl A. H. Sellin, Juha JAykk, Egor Babaev
Egor Babaev
Rather generically, multicomponent superconductors and superfluids have intercomponent current-current interaction. We show that in superconductors with substantially strong intercomponent drag interaction, the topological defects which form in an external field are characterized by a skyrmionic topological charge. We then demonstrate that they can be distinguished from ordinary vortex matter by a very characteristic magnetization process due to the dipolar nature of inter-skyrmion forces. The results provide an experimental signature to confirm or rule out the formation p-wave state with reduced spin stiffness in p-wave superconductors.
Microscopic Prediction Of Skyrmion Lattice State In Clean Interface Superconductors, Daniel F. Agterberg, Egor Babaev, Julien Garaud
Microscopic Prediction Of Skyrmion Lattice State In Clean Interface Superconductors, Daniel F. Agterberg, Egor Babaev, Julien Garaud
Egor Babaev
When an in-plane field is applied to a clean interface superconductor, a Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO)-like phase is stabilized. This phase has a U(1)×U(1) symmetry and, in principle, this symmetry allows for flux carrying topological excitations different from Abrikosov vortices (which are the simplest defects associated with S1 → S1 maps). However, in practice, largely due to electromagnetic and other intercomponent interactions, such topological excitations are very rare in superconducting systems. Here, we demonstrate that a realistic microscopic theory for interface superconductors, such as SrTiO3/LaAlO3, predicts an unconventional magnetic response where the flux-carrying objects are skyrmions, characterized by homotopy invariants of S2 …
Topological Defects In Mixtures Of Superconducting Condensates With Different Charges, Julien Garaud, Egor Babaev
Topological Defects In Mixtures Of Superconducting Condensates With Different Charges, Julien Garaud, Egor Babaev
Egor Babaev
We investigate the topological defects in phenomenological models describing mixtures of charged condensates with commensurate electric charges. Such situations are expected to appear for example in liquid metallic deuterium. This is modeled by a multicomponent Ginzburg-Landau theory where the condensates are coupled to the same gauge field by different coupling constants whose ratio is a rational number. We also briefly discuss the case where electric charges are incommensurate. Flux quantization and finiteness of the energy per unit length dictate that the different condensates have different winding and thus different number of (fractional) vortices. Competing attractive and repulsive interactions lead to …
Erratum: Glassy Chimeras Could Be Blind To Quantum Speedup: Designing Better Benchmarks For Quantum Annealing Machines, Martin Weigel, Helmut G. Katzgraber, Jonathan Machta, Firas Hamze, Ruben S. Andrist
Erratum: Glassy Chimeras Could Be Blind To Quantum Speedup: Designing Better Benchmarks For Quantum Annealing Machines, Martin Weigel, Helmut G. Katzgraber, Jonathan Machta, Firas Hamze, Ruben S. Andrist
Jonathan Machta
No abstract provided.
Phase Transitions And Anomalous Normal State In Superconductors With Broken Time Reversal Symmetry, Troels Arnfred Bojesen, Egor Babaev, Asle Sudbo
Phase Transitions And Anomalous Normal State In Superconductors With Broken Time Reversal Symmetry, Troels Arnfred Bojesen, Egor Babaev, Asle Sudbo
Egor Babaev
No abstract provided.
Rotational Response Of Superconductors: Magneto-Rotational Isomorphism And Rotation-Induced Vortex Lattice, Egor Babaev, Boris Svistunov
Rotational Response Of Superconductors: Magneto-Rotational Isomorphism And Rotation-Induced Vortex Lattice, Egor Babaev, Boris Svistunov
Egor Babaev
The analysis of nonclassical rotational response of superfluids and superconductors was performed by Onsager [Onsager, Nuovo Cimento, Suppl. 6, 279 (1949)] and London [Superfluids(Wiley, New York, 1950)] and crucially advanced by Feynman [Prog. Low Temp. Phys. 1, 17 (1955)]. It was established that, in the thermodynamic limit, neutral superfluids rotate by forming—without any threshold—a vortex lattice. In contrast, the rotation of superconductors at angular frequency —supported by uniform magnetic field BL ∝ due to surface currents—is of the rigid-body type (London law). Here we show that, neglecting the centrifugal effects, the behavior of a rotating superconductor is identical to that …
Vortex Matter In U(1)×U(1)×Z2 Phase-Separated Superconducting Condensates, Julien Garaud, Egor Babaev
Vortex Matter In U(1)×U(1)×Z2 Phase-Separated Superconducting Condensates, Julien Garaud, Egor Babaev
Egor Babaev
We study the properties of vortex solutions and magnetic response of two-component U(1)×U(1)×Z2 superconductors, with phase separation driven by intercomponent density-density interaction. Such a theory can be viewed arising from the breakdown of SU(2) symmetry by a biquadratic interaction between the components of the field. Depending on the symmetry-breaking term, there are two ground-state phases: one where both components of the doublet are equal (the miscible phase) and one where only one component assumes a nonzero vacuum expectation value (the immiscible state). In the latter phase, the spectrum of topological excitations contains both domain walls and vortices. We show the …