Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Forage Spokesman Information, Lowell J. Clifford, Barry Drury, John Mcglone, Mac Stone

Kentucky Grazing Conference

No abstract provided.

Techniques For Reducing Mud Problems And Improving Pasture Abused Areas, Ken Johnson

Kentucky Grazing Conference

I would like to approach this topic from two directions, mud control and then problem areas. Mud control in concentrated areas almost impossible with forages alone. Using a mud control product is usually advised. I will talk about several.

My Experiences With Summer Lovegrass, Tim Phillips

Kentucky Grazing Conference

I first heard about teff (Eragrostis tef) being used as a hay crop in early 2006 at a meeting near the Shenandoah Valley area of Virginia. The meeting was about orchardgrass production, so I was speaking about new varieties that are available for producers to grow. Several farmers had experienced massive stand losses of their established orchardgrass hay fields, so they had tried this ‘new’ summer annual grass. Some of the farmers were surprised that I knew about this grass, but I didn’t know about its use as a hay or pasture grass. Teff is the Ethiopian name for a …

Experiences With "Teff" (Summer Love Grass) In Kentucky, Bob Jaynes

Kentucky Grazing Conference

Following publicity about the Klamath Experiment Station evaluation of Teff as an annual forage in 2003 and 2004, requests for more information and seed sources kept KES staff busy for weeks last spring. We received over 300 contacts from 41 states. Local seed salesman Laverne Hankins processed over 150 orders for more than 5 tons of seed. Those who received seed were sent a questionnaire this fall in hopes that we would get feedback on growers experience with this new forage species. To date we have received responses from about 15 growers.

Options For Summer Grazing, David C. Ditsch

Kentucky Grazing Conference

Summer is the time during the growing season when shortages of forage most often occur in Kentucky. The summer of 2007 will long be remembered as one the warmest and driest in recent years and cause many livestock producers to evaluate their current forage systems. Most Kentucky pastures are predominately cool-season grasses such as tall fescue, orchardgrass and bluegrass. During the historically hot, dry periods in July and August, these species produce very little growth and can quickly become overgrazed. At this point, some producers have no alternative except to buy feed or begin feeding stored forage intended for winter …

Does Grazing Method Matter?, Garry D. Lacefield

Kentucky Grazing Conference

Interest in and opportunities for grazing continues to increase not only in Kentucky, but throughout the U.S. In Wisconsin, 12% or approximately 5000 dairymen are now using grazing. In Michigan, over 40% of the dairymen are using grazing for a significant part of their feed requirements. Over 15% of these dairymen are using intensive grazing. Similar numbers exist for Pennsylvania.

Surviving The 2007 Drought, Roy Burris

Kentucky Grazing Conference

Kentucky beef producers could feel the effects of the ’07 drought for a long time. Decisions made now will impact the ’08 and ’09 calf crops. The current hay/feed shortage has stimulated a lot of “panic buying”. Feedstuffs with very low nutritive values are being purchased at an alarming rate. These “feeds” are being purchased at much higher costs than we normally pay for good quality hay. If properly supplemented, they can be used successfully. However, their use to replace the normal hay supply could have disastrous results.

Recovering From The "Freeze" And "Drought" Of 2007, S. Ray Smith

Kentucky Grazing Conference

As all of you know, 2007 has been a devastating year for forage agriculture in Kentucky. The season started with an abnormally warm 7 weeks during late winter and early spring, which promoted lush vegetative growth. Normally this would have been a “good thing”, but it actually made forage plants more vulnerable to below freezing temperatures. Then the severe freeze occurred, with April 7, 8, and 9 the coldest 3 day period in April in KY history. Pastures were stunted for weeks and first cut hay yields were reduced by 35 to 100%. At this point we were still hopeful …

Foreword And Kfgc Award Winners [2007], Garry D. Lacefield, Christi L. Forsythe

Kentucky Grazing Conference

No abstract provided.

Concurrent Panel Session 1: Environmental Sustainability And Las Vegas, Dale A. Devitt, David E. James, Patricia Mulroy, Alan O'Neill, Thomas C. Piechota, Doug Selby, Krystyna Anne Stave, Michael Yackira, Bruce Turner

Shaping the Future of Southern Nevada: Economic, Environmental, and Social Sustainability

Moderator: Dr. Stan Smith, UNLV School of Life Sciences Scribe: Crystal Jackson, UNLV Department of Sociology Conference white paper & Full summary of panel session, 6 pages

Spectral Procedures Enhance The Analysis Of Three Agricultural Time Series, D. Meek, J. Prueger, M. Tomer, R. Malone

Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture

Many agricultural and environmental variables are influenced by cyclic processes that occur naturally. Consequently their time series often have cyclic behavior. This study develops time series models for three different phenomena: (1) a 60 year-long state annual average crop yield record, (2) a four year-long daily stream flow record with values aggregated to weekly averages, and (3) a half-hour long wind speed record sampled at 10 hertz with values aggregated to 0.5 min averages. Trend tests, simple high pass filtering, and spectral analysis on original and detrended and residual data series are used to guide model development. Next, as a …

Sample Size Determination In Animal Health Studies, Zhanglin Cui, Alan G. Zimmermann, Daniel H. Mowrey

Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture

Oftentimes in animal health studies, a treatment group is randomly assigned to a pen of animals, and the pen of animals as a whole is treated (fed the same medicated feed or water) together. In this scenario, the pen of animals is the experimental unit and the individual animal may be an observational unit. In addition to having the pen as the experimental unit, if multiple sites are used and site is treated as a random factor, this adds complexity to the study. To properly design the study, it is necessary to determine the number of animals in a pen, …

Using A Nonlinear Crossed Random Effects Model With Three-Way Treatment Structure For Describing Circadian Patterns Of Serum Prolactin Concentrations In Heat Stressed Holsteins, M. Zhou, A. M. Parkhurst, B. C. Pollard, R. J. Collier

Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture

A modified Gaussian model with three-level crossed and nested random effects is used to describe circadian patterns of serum prolactin concentrations in a crossover experiment. Testing of three-way treatment effects and carryover effects are incorporated with the model building process as is the within-group correlation. We found that the interaction between environment and parity had significant effect (p<0.05) on both initial serum prolactin concentration and range of the prolactin concentration. There was no significant effect of recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbST) on either the initial value or concentration of serum prolactin. The inclusion of carryover effects in the model significantly improves the fit of the multilevel nonlinear mixed effects model. We present in detail a general approach to nonlinear crossed random effects model building and three-way treatment effects testing.

Using Nonlinear Fixed And Mixed Models With Switching Functions To Allow For Hormesis In Growth Of Escherichia Coli, C. Tu, A. M. Parkhurst, L. M. Durso, R. W. Hutkins

Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture

Individual Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains can be characterized by measuring growth rate. Strains better adapted to the environment are expected to grow faster. Classic bacterial growth curves display an increase in optical density over time. In this paper, we use the logistic function to model growth in optical density of E. coli over time. We examine 16 curves for 8 E. coli strains originally isolated from cattle and found many curves have a paradoxical dip at the beginning that is indicative of hormesis (an initial contrarian response showing, stimulation or suppression of growth). We examine several switching functions that …

Tolerance Intervals For Gene Flow Rates From Transgenic To Non-Transgenic Wheat And Corn Using A Logistic Regression Model With Random Location Effects, Samuel Broderick, Phillip Chapman, Patrick Byrne, Todd Gaines

Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture

Crop scientists and government regulators are interested in mediating pollen flow from transgenic crops to other crops and weed species. To this end, a multi-year, multilocation series of experiments was conducted in eastern Colorado by the Department of Soil and Crop Sciences at Colorado State University. These experiments were done to estimate the distance required between plots of transgenic corn and wheat and plots of the respective non-transgenic crop to obtain at most a regulated limit of cross-pollination. The experiments involved planting a rectangle of transgenic crop in the middle of a non-transgenic field and measuring the proportion of cross-pollinated …

Adjusting Population Estimates For Genotyping Error In Non-Invasive Dna-Based Mark-Recapture Experiments, Shannon M. Knapp, Bruce A. Craig

Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture

DNA from non-invasive sources is increasingly being used as molecular tags for markrecapture population estimation. These sources, however, provide small quantities of often contaminated DNA, which can lead to genotyping errors that will bias the population estimate. We describe a novel approach, called Genotyping Uncertainty Added Variance Adjustment (GUAVA), to address this problem. GUAVA incorporates an explicit model of genotyping error to generate a distribution of complete-information capture histories that is used to estimate the population size. This approach both reduces the genotyping-error bias and incorporates the additional uncertainty due to genotyping error into the variance of the estimate. We …

Selection Of Blocked Two-Level Fractional Factorial Designs For Agricultural Experiments, Weiming Ke, Cuirong Ren, Huitian Lu

Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture

Blocked two-level fractional factorial designs are a very useful tool for efficient data collection in agricultural and other scientific research. In most experiments, in addition to the main effects, some two-factor interactions are also meaningful and need to be estimated. We propose a method for efficiently selecting blocked two-level fractional factorial designs when some of the two-factor interactions are non-negligible. We then present some results for a design with only 8 or 16 runs to illustrate how to use this method.

Specifications Of A Prototype Software System For Developing Variable-Rate Treatment Prescriptions For Use In Precision Agriculture, Kevin S. Mccarter, Eugene Burris, George A. Milliken, Ernest L. Clawson, Hoi Yee Wong, Jeffrey L. Willers

Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture

This paper discusses the process of developing variable-rate treatment prescriptions and gives specifications for a prototype software system for implementing that process. The process is based on statistical analysis of data from embedded field trials, and incorporates producer preferences in determining a treatment prescription. The system can be used by researchers in agricultural research stations for developing prescriptions for commercial agricultural producers. The specifications provided are general enough to be implemented using a variety of statistical and database packages that are available to researchers. In addition to these specifications we provide online access to source code for implementing the system …

Using The Cumulative-Size Mechanistic Model For Analyzing Insect Data, T. I. Matis, J. H. Matis, G .J. Michels Jr., M. N. Parajulee

Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture

Two data sets of aphid abundance are analyzed using a new cumulative-size based mechanistic model. The first data set pertains to the cotton aphid, and its analysis demonstrates the power of the mechanistic model-based approach. The second data set pertains to greenbug populations, and its analysis shows the key role that birth and death rate coefficients may play in predicting the peak and the cumulative population sizes.

Alternative Estimation Techniques For Assessing Probability Of Frost Damage In Subalpine Fir Trees, William J. Price, Bahman Shafii, Danny L. Barney

Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture

Subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa var. lasiocarpa) is commonly used for nursery stock and Christmas tree applications. Spring frost damage to new buds, however, can jeopardize the longterm investment of growers and reduce the quality of the resulting fir trees. Hence, it is important to evaluate the risk of frost damage when considering prospective growing sites. A prediction model for bud development based on heat units can be used in conjunction with historical climate data to assess the likelihood of frost damage. That is, given the probability of a frost event at a given location and time, and the corresponding probability …

Tridimensional Regression, Kendra Schmid, David Marx, Ashok Samal

Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture

Shape analysis is useful for a wide variety of disciplines and has many applications. There are many different approaches to shape analysis, one of which focuses on the analysis of shapes that are represented by the coordinates of predefined landmarks on the object. This paper introduces Tridimensional Regression, a technique that can be used for mapping images and shapes that are represented by sets of three-dimensional landmark coordinates. The degree of similarity between shapes can be quantified using the tridimensional coefficient of determination (R²). An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of this technique to correctly match …

Editor's Preface And Table Of Contents, John E. Boyer Jr.

Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture

These proceedings contain papers presented in the nineteenth annual Kansas State University Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture, held in Manhattan, Kansas, April 27-May 1, 2007.

Poster Session, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• Identification of potential bacterial sources and levels, Red Duck Creek, Mayfield, Kentucky, Brooke Vorbeck, Travis Martin, and Mike Kemp, Dept of Industrial and Engineering Technology, Murray State University
• Water-quality trend analysis for streams in Kentucky, A.S. Crain and G.R. Martin, USGS, Louisville
• Preliminary Results of a Fecal Microbe Survey in a Eutrophic Lake, Wilgreen Lake, Madison County, Kentucky, W.S. Borowski and M.S. Albright, Depts of Earth Sciences and Geography, EKU
• Preliminary Physical and Chemical Characteristics of an Eutrophic Lake, Wilgreen Lake, Madison County, Kentucky, E.C. Jolly and W.S. Borowski, Dept of Earth Sciences, EKU
• Lethal and …

Session 2d: Superfund, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• Challenges and Opportunities in Working Directly with Affected Superfund Communities in Kentucky, Lisa Gaetke, Nutrition and Food Science, UK
• Selected Chloro-Organic Detoxifications by Poly-Chelate (polyacrylic acid) and Citrate-Based Fenton Reaction at Neutral pH Environment, YongChao Li, L. G. Bachas, and Dibakar Bhattacharyya, Depts of Chemical & Materials Engineering and Chemisty, UK
• Reductive Degradation of Cholorinated Organics by Membrane-Supported Nonoparticles, Jian Xu and Dibakar Bhattacharyya, Dept of Chemical & Materials Engineering, UK

Session 2c: Education/Outreach, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• 5 Stars, 15 Students, and 5000 Trees, A.A. Gumbert and others, Extension Associate for Environmental and Natural Resource Issues, UK
• The Water Pioneers Water Quality Initiative, Stephanie Jenkins, Doug McLaren, Blake Newton, Amanda Abnee, UK
• Local and State Partnership for MS4 Success in Kentucky – Coordinated Communication, Education and Outreach, C.D. McCormick and Shelby Jett, FMSM Engineers, Louisville and Kentucky Transportation Cabinet
• Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination: A Challenge for Kentucky’s Stormwater Program Cities, B. Tonning, R. Walker, and J. Arnold, Tetra Tech, Lexington

Session 2b: Goundwater, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• Kentucky Groundwater-Quality Mapping Service, R.S. Fisher and Bart Davidson, KGS
• Kentucky Groundwater-Quality Data Search Engine, Bart Davidson and R.S. Fisher, KGS
• Water Quality in the Karst Terrane of the Sinking Creek Basin, Kentucky 2004-06, Angela S. Crain, USGS, Louisville
• Salt Movement Through the Vadose Zone of a Karst Soil – First Experiences with a Transfer Function Approach, Ole Wendroth and others, Dept Plant and Soil Sciences, UK

Session 2a: Surface Water, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• Development and Application of a New Sediment Fingerprinting Methodology for the Commonwealth of Kentucky, Charles Davis and Jimmy Fox, Dept of Civil Engineering, UK
• Accounting for Construction Stormwater in TMDL Development for Sediment Impaired Streams in Rapidly Growing Residential Areas, Jon Ludwig and John Bekman, Tetra Tech, and David Montali, WVDEP
• Responses of Riparian Plant Diversity to Gradients in Flood Frequency and Severity, Patrick Lawless and Jimmy Fox, Depts of Geography and Civil Engineering, UK

Session 1d: Biology, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• Long-Term Assessments and Seasonal Variations of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) in Water, Sediments, Floodplain Soils, and Sentinel Fish Species from Big and Little Bayou Creeks, McCracken County, Kentucky, D.J. Price, Dept of Biology, UK
• Characterization of total dissolved solids (TDS) toxicity to Ceriodaphnia dubia associated with effluent discharges from a meat packaging industry, Agus Sofyan and David Price, Dept of Biology, UK
• Wilson Creek Restoration and the Response in Food Web Function and Fish Community Structure, Wesley Daniel and Jeff Jack, Dept of Biology and Center for Environmental Science, U of L

Session 1c: Epscor Projects, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• Colloidal Arsenic in Poultry-Litter Amended Soils, Lisa Y. Blue and others, Dept of Chemistry, UK
• Environmental Monitoring and Assessment of Arsenic Metal in Groundwater Samples from Ballard, Carlisle, and Graves Counties, Kentucky, H.B. Fannin and others, Dept of Chemistry, Murray State University
• Environmental Monitoring and Assessment of the Groundwater Quality in Calloway County, Kentucky, Dan Kotter and others, KGS, Henderson, KY
• Land-Use Effects on Water Quality Within Lower Howard Creek Watershed, Southwestern Clark County, Kentucky, S.D. Daugherty and J.S. Dinger, Dept Earth & Environmental Sciences and KGS, UK

Session 1b: Student Research Projects, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• Experimental Study of the Impact of Upland Sediment Supply upon Cohesive Streambank Erosion Part I: Fluid Turbulence, Brian Belcher and Jimmy Fox, Dept of Civil Engineering, UK
• Toward Using a Three-Dimensional Numerical Model for Simulating Hydrodynamics Near a Dam for Constructing the Rating Curve, Z.S. Shao and S.A. Yost, Dept of Civil Engineering, UK
• Property Taxation and Forest Fragmentation in Kentucky Watersheds, Scott Brodbeck and Tamara Cushing, Dept of Forestry, UK
• Solute and Particle Tracer Movement Under Various Flow Conditions in a Karst Groundwater Basin, Inner Bluegrass Region, Kentucky, J.W. Ward and others, Dept Earth and …