Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Public Beach Assessment Report Gloucester Point Public Beach, Gloucester County, Virginia, Donna A. Milligan, C. Scott Hardaway Jr., George R. Thomas

Reports

Gloucester Point Public Beach is located at the southern end of Gloucester County, Virginia on the York River. It is a southeastward facing shoreline about 960 ft long and it is part of a larger stretch of moderately low shore between Sarah Creek and the George P. Coleman Bridge. While no shoreline improvement projects have taken place at the public beach, shore protection projects updrift and including the Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) affect it. In 1983, erosion along the shoreline at VIMS just updrift of the public beach led to the installation of a riprap revetment in front …

Distribution Of Submerged Aquatic Vegetation In The Chesapeake Bay And Tributaries And Chincoteague Bay - 1995, Robert J. Orth, Judith F. Nowak, Gary F. Anderson, David J. Wilcox, Jennifer R. Whiting, Leah S. Nagy

Reports

No abstract provided.

Yellow Sea & East China Sea Bibliography, Nicole D. Scott, Patricia T. Carrier, John D. Milliman

Reports

No abstract provided.

Public Beach Assessment Report Yorktown Public Beach, Yorktown, Virginia, Donna A. Milligan, C. Scott Hardaway Jr., George R. Thomas

Reports

No abstract provided.

Detritus: Mother Nature's Rice Cake, Pamela Mason, Lyle M. Varnell, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science, Wetlands Program

Reports

No abstract provided.

Semiclassical Scattering In A Circular Semiconductor Microstructure, C. D. Schwieters, J. A. Alford, John B. Delos

Arts & Sciences Articles

The conductance of a microscopic junction shows fluctuations caused by quantum interference of waves that follow different paths between the leads. We give a semiclassical formula for these fluctuations. The theory utilizes trajectories which travel between the centers of the lead apertures; it also incorporates diffraction at these apertures. We extend the theory to include ‘‘ghost paths,’’ which scatter diffractively off the lead mouths. Semiclassical S-matrix elements are computed for a circular junction over a range of Fermi wave numbers, and the large-scale structure of these matrix elements shows good agreement with quantum results. Finally, we propose a hypothesis …

Slow Down, D. Chris Benner, Rodelle A. Benner

Arts & Sciences Articles

No abstract provided.

Computational Algebra Applications In Reliability, G Hartless, Lawrence Leemis

Arts & Sciences Articles

Reliability analysts are typically forced to choose between using an 'algorithmic programming language' or a 'reliability package' for analyzing their models and lifetime data. This paper shows that computational languages can be used to bridge the gap to combine the flexibility of a programming language with the ease of use of a package. Computational languages facilitate the development of new statistical techniques and are excellent teaching tools. This paper considers three diverse reliability problems that are handled easily with a computational algebra language: system reliability bounds; lifetime data analysis; and model selection.

Methods Of Risk Analysis: Traditional And Ecological Approaches, John Buie, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science, Wetlands Program

Reports

No abstract provided.

Research Needs For The Risk Assessment Of Health And Environmental Effects Of Endocrine Disruptors: A Report Of The Us Epa-Sponsored Workshop, Rj Kavlock, Gp Daston, C Derosa, P Fennercrisp, Le Gray, S Kaattari, Et Al

VIMS Articles

The hypothesis has been put forward that humans and wildlife species have suffered adverse health effects after exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals. Reported adverse effects include declines in populations, increases in cancers, and reduced reproductive function. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency sponsored a workshop in April 1995 to bring together interested parties in an effort to identify research gaps related to this hypothesis and to establish priorities for future research activities. Approximately 90 invited participants were organized into work groups developed around the principal reported health effects-carcinogenesis, reproductive toxicity, neurotoxicity, and immunotoxicity--as well as along the risk assessment paradigm--hazard identification, dose-response …

Bifurcation Of The Periodic Orbits Of Hamiltonian Systems: An Analysis Using Normal Form Theory, D. A. Sadovskii, John B. Delos

Arts & Sciences Articles

We develop an analytic technique to study the dynamics in the neighborhood of a periodic trajectory of a Hamiltonian system. The theory begins with Poincaré and Birkhoff; major modern contributions are due to Meyer, Arnol'd, and Deprit. The realization of the method relies on local Fourier-Taylor series expansions with numerically obtained coefficients. The procedure and machinery are presented in detail on the example of the ‘‘perpendicular’’ (z=0) periodic trajectory of the diamagnetic Kepler problem. This simple one-parameter problem well exhibits the power of our technique. Thus, we obtain a precise analytic description of bifurcations observed by J.-M. Mao …

Advances In Wetland Status And Trends Monitoring Cumulative Error Comparisons, Stacie A.C. Nelson, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science, Wetlands Program

Reports

No abstract provided.

Restoration And Creation Of Forested Wetlands: A Guide, Cathy Palmintier, Bonny Lee Appleton, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science, Wetlands Program

Reports

No abstract provided.

Plant Adaptations To Saturated Soils And The Formation Of Hypertrophied Lenticels And Adventitious Roots In Woody Species, Kirk J. Havens, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science, Wetlands Program

Reports

No abstract provided.

1996 Gloucester Point Station Tide Prediction Calendars, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science, David A. Evans

Miscellaneous

These calendars are produced monthly using David Evans' Tidecal.

1996 Hampton Roads Station Tide Prediction Calendars, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science, David A. Evans

Miscellaneous

These calendars are produced monthly using David Evans' Tidecal.

Virginia Game Fish Tagging Program Annual Report 1995, Cm Bain Iii, John A. Lucy

Reports

The Virginia Came Fish tagging Program (VGFTP) was established in 1995 as an ongoing, cooperative project of the Virginia Marine Resources Commission and the Virginia Institute of Marine Science of the College of William and Mary The project is funded with revenues generated by Virginia's marine recreational fishing license.

Status Of The Major Oyster Diseases In Virginia 1995 A Summary Of The Annual Monitoring Program, Lisa M. Ragone Calvo, Eugene M. Burreson

Reports

No abstract provided.

Effects Of The June 1995 Freshet On The Main Virginia Tributaries To The Chesapeake Bay, Herbert M. Austin, Christopher F. Bonzek

VIMS Articles

Environmental conditions in the Virginian waters of the Chesapeake Bay area during the summerof 1995 have been characterized as a severe drought. This drought was punctuated on 27 June with a headwater (James and Rappahannock River) rain storm that produced a "freshet". Although it did not rain in the Tidewater area of Virginia, surface salinities were depressed by the run-off, and main-stem bottom ox}'gen levels dropped to z.ero in the James and Rappahannock rivers. The effects of the reduced oxygen were apparent on the James River oyster stock, particularly the reduction in spatfall, and to a lesser degree on the …

Temporal And Spatial Patterns In The Ross Sea: Phytoplankton Biomass, Elemental Composition, Productivity And Growth Rates, Walker O. Smith Jr., David Nelson, Giacomo R. Ditullio, Amy R. Leventer

VIMS Articles

The temporal and spatial patterns of phytoplankton biomass, productivity, and particulate matter composition in the Ross Sea were assessed during cruises in January 1990 and February 1992. Biomass and primary productivity in the southern Ross Sea were greatest during mid-January, with surface chlorophyll concentrations, particulate organic carbon levels, and integrated primary productivity averaging 4.9 Ixg L 'l, 0.54 mg L-•, and 2.63 g C m"• d '•, respectively. Comparable mean concentrations and rates for February were 1.1 Ixg L 'l, 0.29 mg L 'l, and 0.78 g C m '•- d '• (decreases of 76, 46, and 70%, respectively), indicative …

Gas Chromatographic Isolation Of Individual Compounds From Complex Matrices For Radiocarbon Dating, Ti Eglinton, Li Alueihare, Je Bauer, Erm Druffel, Ap Mcnichol

VIMS Articles

This paper describes the application of a novel, practical approach for isolation of individual compounds from complex organic matrices for natural abundance radiocarbon measurement. This is achieved through the use of automated preparative capillary gas chromatography (PCGC) to separate and recover sufficient quantities of individual target compounds for C-14 analysis by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). We developed and tested this approach using a suite of samples (plant lipids, petroleums) whose ages spanned the C-14 time scale and which contained a variety of compound types (fatty acids, sterols, hydrocarbons), Comparison of individual compound and bulk radiocarbon signatures for the isotopically homogeneous …

Linking Sediment Transport And Stratigraphy On The Continental Shelf, Pl Wilberg, Da Cacchione, Rw Sternberg, L. Donelson Wright

VIMS Articles

The goal of the shelf sediment dynamics component of STRATAFORM is to link sediment transport processes active on the continental shelf to the formation and preservation of event beds in shelf sediment deposits. An approach combining shelf sediment-transport models with high-resolution measurements of water-column and bed properties over periods from several months to several years allows us to make quantitative estimates of bed modification caused by sediment resuspension during episodic transport events. These modifications include erosion and deposition of bed material, formation of graded storm beds, and changes in small-scale bed surface morphology. The characteristics of the resulting “event bed” …

Effects Of Sand-Mining On Benthic Communities And Resource Value : Thimble Shoal, Lower Chesapeake Bay, Linda C. Schaffner, Michele A. Horvath, Carl H. Hobbs Iii

Reports

In August 1990 the City of Hampton placed approximately 276,000 cubic yards of sand from a designated borrow site on Thimble Shoal onto Buck:roe Beach for beach restoration. The Buck:roe reserve identified by Kimball et al. (1989) contains large quantities of beach quality material and is located less then 2.5 km offshore of Buck:roe Beach. In early 1989 a small section (330 m by 240 m) located in 5 m of water was delineated and permitted for dredging. This project represents the first instance of permitted, sand-mining activities for beach nourishment in the lower bay. Although the impacts of the …

Preliminary Evaluation Of Water Quality In Tidal Creeks Of Virginia's Eastern Shore In Relation To Vegetable Cultivation, Mark W. Luckenbach, Morris H. Roberts Jr., Keith Boyd

Reports

In response to concerns raised about the impacts of vegetable cultivation using plastic ground covers on water quality, we have initiated a broad-scale, systematic study of water quality in seaside tidal creeks of Virginia' s Eastern Shore. Our objective was to determine if acute toxicity associated with heavy metals or pesticides was more prevalent in tidal creeks with drainage areas which include this agricultural practice than in those which do not. Though such correlations do not confirm cause and effect, they may serve as the basis for future, more targeted investigations and for some immediate changes in land management practices …

Hydrodynamics Of Sediment Suspensions In The Littoral Zone Of The Lower York River - Phase Ii, John D. Boon

Reports

This report covers the second year (Phase II) of a two-year study. An earlier contract report (Boon,1996) was submitted in January, 1996, to the Virginia Coastal Resources Management Program covering the first year (Phase I) results of a wave , current and suspended sediment monitoring study conducted at the mouth of the York River (Figure 1).

The purpose of the monitoring study , as originally planned , was to investigate processes governing sediment suspension within the shallow waters of the littoral zone (depths< 2m) in coastal estuaries. These are regions in which bottom sediment, in the absence of vegetative cover and depending on sediment grain sizes present, has the potential to be actively eroded and entrained in the water column by wind waves and/or currents. Suspended sediment has the further potential to impact water quality and promote eutrophication through nutrient enrichment processes (Kemp et al., 1983; Orth and Moore, 1983). High sediment loadings also lead to light reduction in the photic zone which can impact the growth or survival of submerged aquatic vegetation (De Groot and de Jonge, 1990) .

Linking Sediment Transport And Stratigraphy On The Continental Shelf, Patrica Wiberg, David Cacchione, Richard Sternberg, L. Donelson Wright

VIMS Articles

The goal of the shelf sediment dynamics component of STRATAFORM is to link sediment transport processes active on the continental shelfto the formation and preservation of event beds inshelf sediment deposits. An approach combining
shelf sediment-transport models with high-resolution measurements of water-column and bed properties over periods from several months to several
years allows us to make quantitative estimates of bed modification caused by sediment resuspension during episodic transport events.

Lipid Biomarker Composition Of Particulate Organic Matter In The Lower Chesapeake Bay : A Final Data Report, Elizabeth Canuel, Andrew Zimmerman, Shannon Burcham

Reports

In this report we present results from a sampling program designed to characterize the abundance, sources, and composition of particulate organic matter (POM) in the lower Chesapeake Bay. To meet these objectives, we used measurements of bulk parameters (total suspended solids, chlorophylls, particulate carbon and nitrogen concentrations) combined with information on the concentration of two classes of lipid biomarker compounds (fatty acids and sterols). In addition to providing baseline information on the sources and composition of POM important to the lower Bay, the study addressed spatial and temporal variations in organic matter quality. This was accomplished using an experimental design …

Analysis Of Temporal And Spatial Variations In Vegetation Communities For The Buxton Woods Region Of Cape Hatteras National Seashore, Marcia Berman, Gene Silberhorn, Carl Hershner

Reports

Residential development and growth along private lands bordering the southern portion of Cape Hatteras may be increasing at a rate inconsistent with the current water supply and demand. In the late 1960's and again in the late 1970's a series of wells were drilled to supply area residences and businesses with potable water from the local shallow water aquifer. Today, additional wells are being considered to serve the expanding community of Buxton Woods.

At the same time, the National Park Service maintains a series of ditches for both mosquito and flood control management. A large ditch which trends approximately northeast/southwest …

Investigations Of Isolated Sand Shoals And Associated Deposits, Virginia Inner Shelf : Final Contract Report Primarily In The Form Of A Data Report, C. H. Hobbs Iii

Reports

This report primarily serves to present minimally interpreted data from a tight spaced set of high-resolution, seismic-reflection, sub-bottom profiles obtained during the summer of 1992. The profiles were run in the inner continental shelf adjacent to Virginia Beach, Virginia as part of an investigation of offshore sounds potentially usable in beach nourishment and hurricane protection projects along Virginia's Atlantic shore south of the mouth of Chesapeake Bay. Figure 1 depicts the general study area.

Berquist and Gomillion (1993) presented an interpretation of a small portion of the work. A larger, interpretive report (Hardaway et al., 1995) also utilizes information from …

Hydrodynamics Of Sediment Suspensions In The Littoral Zone Of The Lower York River - Phase I, John D. Boon

Reports

Motivation for this study derives from a need to know more about processes governing sediment suspension within the shallow waters of the littoral zone (depths< 2m) in coastal estuaries. These are regions in which bottom sediment, in the absence of vegetative cover and depending on grain sizes present, has the potential to be actively eroded and entrained in the water column by wind waves and/or currents. Suspended sediment has the further potential to impact water quality and promote eutrophication through nutrient enrichment processes (Kemp et al., 1983; Orth and Moore, 1983). High sediment loadings also lead to light reduction in the photic zone which can impact the growth or survival of submerged aquatic vegetation (De Groot and de Jonge, 1990).