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Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Experiments On Chemical Control Of Behavior In Brown Tree Snakes, David Chiszar, Gordon H. Rodda, Hobart M. Smith
Experiments On Chemical Control Of Behavior In Brown Tree Snakes, David Chiszar, Gordon H. Rodda, Hobart M. Smith
National Wildlife Research Center Repellents Conference 1995
The brown tree snake (Boiga irregularis), accidentally introduced on Guam shortly after World War 11, is the target of extensive efforts aimed at reducing populations and preventing their spread to other Pacific islands. Chemical attractants and repellents have been investigated, and this paper presents an overview of current knowledge. In particular, chemical cues that have strong effects in laboratory tests have had only modest (though significant) effects in field tests on Guam. Reasons for the different outcomes of laboratory and field studies are discussed along with recommendations for the redesign of laboratory experiments.
Behavioral Responses To Pine Needle Oil In The Northern Pocket Gopher, Gisela Epple, Dale L. Nolte, J. Russell Mason, Eugeny Aronov, Shirley Wager-Page
Behavioral Responses To Pine Needle Oil In The Northern Pocket Gopher, Gisela Epple, Dale L. Nolte, J. Russell Mason, Eugeny Aronov, Shirley Wager-Page
National Wildlife Research Center Repellents Conference 1995
For many herbivorous mammals, oils from conifers are feeding repellents. Our study investigated effects of pine needle oil on feeding and other behaviors of northern pocket gophers. In one-choice feeding trials pocket gophers were offered sweet potato from single feeding stations placed into each subject's home cage. Stations contained either a scent dispenser with pine needle oil or with mineral oil. Pine needle oil did not inhibit food retrieval under these conditions. Responses to pine needle oil and to a control odorant, d-pulegone, were also tested in mazes where subjects were offered choices between two goal boxes, each containing food …
Repellents: Integrating Sensory Modalities, Michael L. Avery
Repellents: Integrating Sensory Modalities, Michael L. Avery
National Wildlife Research Center Repellents Conference 1995
Recommendations for managing wildlife damage situations often involve application of multiple methods or techniques. The basis for such recommendations is unclear as there is little evidence that such combinations of methods work more effectively than the individual methods alone. In order to improve beyond hit or miss repellent applications, we should adopt principles exhibited in nature and develop repellent treatments based on the design of signals used in animal communications. In particular, characteristics that increase detectability, discriminability, and memorability should be identified and incorporated into repellent design. To do so, the sensory capabilities of the target species need to be …
Repellency Of Plant, Natural Products, And Predator Odors To Woodchucks, N. Jay Bean, Wyatt L. Korff, J. Russell Mason
Repellency Of Plant, Natural Products, And Predator Odors To Woodchucks, N. Jay Bean, Wyatt L. Korff, J. Russell Mason
National Wildlife Research Center Repellents Conference 1995
Woodchuck (Marmota monax) damage to lawns, gardens, orchards, and other agricultural areas is of concern to homeowners and fanners throughout the northeastern region of the United States. Currently, the only effective control methods are live-trapping and relocation, shooting, or lethal trapping. Each of these techniques, though effective, has drawbacks that limit its use in residential areas. Using odors to repel the animals could provide a nonlethal option to help mitigate the vegetation and property damage caused by these animals. For this reason, we studied the repellency of several commonly available odorants to repel woodchucks. Nine different burrow sites …
The Public Is Attracted By The Use Of Repellents, Cathy A. Liss
The Public Is Attracted By The Use Of Repellents, Cathy A. Liss
National Wildlife Research Center Repellents Conference 1995
Americans have long been in favor of humane treatment of animals. Increasingly, the public is involved in dictating acceptable wildlife management practices. The U.S. Department of Agriculture's Animal Damage Control program has been the recipient of much adverse publicity regarding its killing of target and nontarget animals. Growing opposition to various methods of lethal control such as use of steel jaw leghold traps or poisons likely will result in continuing restrictions or outright prohibitions against their use in the future. Alternative methods of wildlife control are critical. Nonlethal techniques are key to the future of the Animal Damage Control program. …
Avian Repellents: Options, Modes Of Action, And Economic Considerations, J. Russell Mason, Larry Clark
Avian Repellents: Options, Modes Of Action, And Economic Considerations, J. Russell Mason, Larry Clark
National Wildlife Research Center Repellents Conference 1995
The present manuscript considers visual, auditory, tactile, chemosensory, and physiologic repellents currently available for use in the United States. Discussion of tactile, chemosensory, and physiologic repellents is emphasized for three reasons. First, these products are preferred by users. Second, application of these substances is regulated by state and federal agencies. Third, only four active ingredients are legally available at the present time. This lack reflects difficulties in obtaining regulatory approval and limited market size.
Predator Odors As Repellents To Brushtail Possums And Rabbits, David R. Morgan, Anthony D. Woolhouse
Predator Odors As Repellents To Brushtail Possums And Rabbits, David R. Morgan, Anthony D. Woolhouse
National Wildlife Research Center Repellents Conference 1995
Repellents are being developed as an alternative to the use of poisons, traps, or firearms for controlling damage to forest and farm plantings by the introduced Australian brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula) and European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Such repellents need to protect seedlings from irreversible damage for at least 6 months after application. Seven synthetic predator odor compounds were compared with "Treepel", a moderately effective commercial repellent, by assessing relative browse on treated Pinus radiata seedlings in pen tests. Predator odors were repellent to both animals. Generally they were more repellent to possums than to rabbits, but the predator odor-based TOM …
Recent Studies On Flavor Aversion Learning In Wildlife Damage Management, Russell F. Reidinger Jr.
Recent Studies On Flavor Aversion Learning In Wildlife Damage Management, Russell F. Reidinger Jr.
National Wildlife Research Center Repellents Conference 1995
Flavor aversion learning (FAL) occurs experimentally when a mammal is presented with a distinctive-flavored food followed by a postingestional illness. Birds may learn aversions to visual cues. Aversions follow a single pairing and may be robust. During the past decade, at least four directions were followed in evaluating FAL for managing wildlife damage: compounds already registered for use on crops such as herbicides, insecticides, or fungicides were tested for their abilities to also repel birds and small mammals from crops; naturally occurring compounds such as sucrose or charcoal were similarly evaluated; eggs were treated with different compounds in attempts to …
An Integrated Strategy To Decrease Eared Dove Damage In Sunflower Crops, Ethel N. Rodriguez, Richard L. Bruggers, Roger W. Bullard, Robert Cook
An Integrated Strategy To Decrease Eared Dove Damage In Sunflower Crops, Ethel N. Rodriguez, Richard L. Bruggers, Roger W. Bullard, Robert Cook
National Wildlife Research Center Repellents Conference 1995
Eared doves (Zenaida auriculata) damage mature sunflowers in Uruguay. Although repellents might be useful as a control method, durability and expense have discouraged their use. In the present report, we describe laboratory, aviary, and field research designed to evaluate methiocarb and calcium carbonate as durable, economical repellents. Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) was as effective as CaCO3 /methiocarb in combination in deterring consumption of sunflowers. Moreover, treating field borders with CaCO3 or the CaCO3 /methiocarb combination was as effective as treating the entire field for at least 12 days. This period is sufficiently long to …
Repellent Trials To Reduce Reforestation Damage By Pocket Gophers, Deer, And Elk, Gary W. Witmer, Rodney D. Sayler, Michael J. Pipas
Repellent Trials To Reduce Reforestation Damage By Pocket Gophers, Deer, And Elk, Gary W. Witmer, Rodney D. Sayler, Michael J. Pipas
National Wildlife Research Center Repellents Conference 1995
We tested selected, potential repellents in pen and field trials to determine their ability to reduce consumption of palatable foods by pocket gophers (Thomomys talpoides), deer (Odocoileus spp.), and elk (Cervus elaphus). Only sulfur-based compounds (predator urines and Deer Away®) deterred feeding by captive gophers. Chemically hot, bitter, and noxious compounds and plants did not deter gopher feeding. Rapid reinvasion of available habitat by pocket gophers in a field trial occurred despite the presence of encapsulated, sulfur-based semiochemicals of stoat (Mustela erminea) on trial plots. Coyote urine and Deer Away deterred browsing by …
Using Sound, Visual, And Tactile Products To Repel Birds, Mona Zemsky
Using Sound, Visual, And Tactile Products To Repel Birds, Mona Zemsky
Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings
Birds are typically thought of as beautiful, graceful, tuneful creatures by the general public. However, there are many reasons to control birds. Birds and their droppings can create unsightly visual conditions and an unhealthy atmosphere that promotes disease transmission. In addition, cleaning costs including time spent, and property, equipment, or product damage can cause financial loss. Some bird control products, though widely used, are not suitable in many situations. For environmental and safety reasons, poison perches, poison grain and shotguns may not be ideal choices under certain circumstances. Because of high cost and unfeasibility, netting and spikes may be inappropriate. …