Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Quaternary Alluvial Sequence Of The Upper Pecos River And A Tributary, Glorieta Creek, North-Central New Mexico, Paul Arthur Karas

Earth and Planetary Sciences ETDs

Quaternary alluvial deposits preserved on terraces along the Pecos River and a tributary, Glorieta Creek, provide a record of the evolution of these two drainages. Alluvium deposited by the Pecos River can be subdivided into six units on the basis of relative topographic position and degree of soil development on original surfaces. Deposits consist of thin (1 to 10m) veneers on scattered strath terrace remnants. Only four Quaternary alluvial units have been identified along Glorieta Creek. Alluvium deposited by this stream forms nearly continuous fill terraces of thickness equal to or greater than the Pecos River alluvium. Alluvial deposits of …

The Soils Of The Salmon Gums District, Western Australia, George Henry Burvill

Technical Bulletins

Most of the soils are grey and brown solonized soils. The subsoils, to about 2 m, are calcareous sandy clays with limestone rubble, but there are three main surface variations: sandy surfaced, 5-30 cm deep, passing abruptly to the sandy clay subsoil with lime nodules. The Circle Valley sand and Scaddan sand are major types. Scaddan sand has a domed subsoil clay. Powdery calcareous sandy loam; and clay loam and clay with some lime in the subsoil, but less than in 1 and 2.

Safe Disposal Of Pesticide Containers And Residue, Doug Johnson, Monroe Rasnake, James Martin

Soil Science News and Views

The use of pesticides (herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, etc.) has been an important factor in improving productivity of American agriculture to the point that quantity and quality of food and fiber produced by American farmers is unequalled in the world. However, in recent years, increased concern is being expressed regarding potential harmful effects of pesticide use on the environment. Most farmers want to know how to safely handle pesticides and dispose of waste materials, and the pesticide industry is working hard to develop better systems for handling pesticides. However, poor disposal practices are still too common.

Geology Newsletter- 1988, Department Of Geology

Geological and Environmental Sciences News

Vol. 1, No. 13

• Dear Alumni and Friends
• Core Research Studies
• Institute for Water Studies
• W. David Kuenzi Scholarship Fund
• Geology Development and Scholarship Fund Donations
• Faculty Briefs
• News from the Support Staff
• Geology/Earth Science Club
• Awards & Scholarships
• 1988 Speakers Program
• Alumni Lines

A Seismic Analysis Of Reefs In The Traverse Limestone Of Allegan County, Michigan, William Charles Henderson

Masters Theses

A seismic reflection study was performed across the Diamond Springs oil field in Allegan County, Michigan. The horizon of interest was the Middle Devonian Traverse Limestone located 1,700 feet in the subsurface. Within the Traverse Limestone are scattered patch reefs which characterize a targeted reservoir. The use of high-resolution, shallow seismic reflection techniques are useful for defining detailed subsurface porosity zones within the patch reef reservoirs.

Common source-offset profiling utilizing high-frequency sources and proper determination of field parameters are important in obtaining the desired optimum reflection. Also, the use of synthetic seismograms for modeling waveforms is essential for identifying the …

Geometry And Kinematics Of The Central Snowcrest Range: A Rocky Mountain Forehand Uplift In Southwestern Montana, Barry Christopher Mcbride

Masters Theses

The Snowcrest Range forms the southeastern limb of the Late Cretaceous Blacktail-Snowcrest uplift. The northeast-trending uplift is bounded by the northwest-dipping Snowcrast-Greenhom thrust system which consists of seven thrust zones which merge and flatten at depth along a regional detachment horizon within the Archean basement.

The structures forming the Snowcrest Range are concave westward with trends varying from N 55° E in the southern region to north-south in the northern region. Calcite twin lamellae and fracture orientations indicate that the principal shortening direction was oriented S 85° E during late Cretaceous time. This orientation requires that a significant component of …

Study Of Economic Heavy Minerals Of The Virginia Inner Continental Shelf, C. R. Berquist, C. H. Hobbs Iii

Reports

No abstract provided.

The Cultural Eutrophication Of Koontz Lake, Indiana: Causes, Consequences, Correction, Willaim B. Eviston, Thomas Crisman

School of Geosciences Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Variation In Sulfur Dioxide Emissions Related To Earth Tides, Halemaumau Crater, Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, Charles B. Connor, Richard E. Stoiber, Lawrence L. Malinconico Jr.

School of Geosciences Faculty and Staff Publications

Variation in SO₂ emissions from Halemaumau crater, Kilauea volcano, Hawaii is analyzed using a set of techniques known as exploratory data analysis. SO₂ flux was monitored using a correlation spectrometer. A total of 302 measurements were made on 73 days over a 90‐day period. The mean flux was 171 t/d with a standard deviation of 52 t/d. A significant increase in flux occurs during increased seismic activity beneath the caldera. SO₂ flux prior to the this change varies in a systematic way and may be related to variation in the tidal modulation envelope.

Sulfide In Surface Waters Of The Western Atlantic Ocean, Gregory A. Cutter, Christian F. Krahforst

OES Faculty Publications

Using newly developed techniques, some preliminary data on hydrogen sulfide in surface waters of the western Atlantic have been obtained. Concentrations of total sulfide range from <0.1 to 1.1 nmol/L, and vary on a diel basis. At these concentrations, sulfide may affect the cycling of several trace metals via the formation of stable complexes. Production of sulfide in oxygenated seawater may occur through the hydrolysis of carbonyl sulfide or by sulfate reduction within macroscopic particles in the water column. Removal mechanisms can include oxidation, complexation with particulate trace metals, and metal sulfide precipitation. However, the temporal and spatial distributions suggest a complex set of processes governing the behavior of sulfide in the surface ocean.

How Much Fertilizer Ls Needed For Corn?, Kenneth L. Wells, Keenan Turner

Soil Science News and Views

Corn producers are faced each year with the decision of how much money to invest in fertilizer for use on their crop. Differing philosophies used by those who make fertilizer recommendations often leave the grower bewildered as to what is best to do. It is not unusual for a producer to be told by his agricultural extension agent that he doesn't need any phosphate and potash on fields which test high in these nutrients while other sources may recommend fertilizer use. The philosophy behind the zero P-K recommendation made by extension agents in such cases is based on University of …

Dynamics Of Intermediate-Size Stream Outlets, Northern Oregon Coast, Ellen Eberhardt

Dissertations and Theses

This study measured and evaluated the relation of coastal foredune morphology to stream beach outlets, and investigated the processes associated with the stream outlet. Intermediate-size streams were studied, and defined as those that flow across the beach most of the year but have no tidal influence. Fifty-four of these streams were found along the northern Oregon coast between the Columbia River and Yaquina Bay. Crescent Lake Outlet, Saltair Creek and Daley Lake Outlet were chosen as study streams for further investigation.

Goes Imagery Fills Gaps In Montserrat Volcanic Cloud Observations, Mark A. Davies, William I. Rose

Department of Geological and Mining Engineering and Sciences Publications

GOES satellite imagery offers great potential to lessen the risk of volcanic ash clouds to aviation, and the situation at Montserrat in the Caribbean is providing the proof. Many transatlantic, commercial, and private aircraft use airspace around Montserrat, where the Soufriere Hills Volcano has been erupting since 1995.

Worldwide over the last 15 years, more than 80 airplanes have reported encountering volcanic ash along flight paths. Encounters cannot be avoided because onboard radar cannot detect fine-grained ash particles—those with a radius of 15 microns or less. In recent years volcanic cloud encounters are estimated to have caused hundreds of millions …

The Real Value Of Agricultural Limestone, Monroe Rasnake

Soil Science News and Views

There are big differences in quality of agricultural lime sold in Kentucky. According to the most recent test results, the Relative Neutralizing Value (RNV) of Kentucky aglime ranged from a low of 50 to a high of 89. Actually, some were below the RNV of 50, but these did not meet state lime law regulations and could not legally be sold as ground agricultural limestone.

Cross-Shoreface Suspended Sediment Transport : A Response To The Interaction Of Nearshore And Shelf Processes, Fall 1994 Duck, Nc Field Experiment, D. A. Hepworth, Carl T. Friedrichs, John Brubaker

Reports

Deployment : The tripods were assembled, tested and secured onboard the RIV Sea Diver, which left the Little Creek Amphibious Base in Norfolk, Virginia early on 26 September. While underway to the deployment site, the continuous surface water conductivity and temperature survey was run and several CTD casts were made. The tripods were deployed on 26 September and secured to the sea floor with sand anchors by VIMS divers. The R/V Sea Diver then began the series of on/off shore transects at the tripod deployment site for approximately 12 hours. The vessel returned to port on 27 September .

Recovery: …

Trace Elements In Northern Virginia Middle Ordovician Carbonates: Implications For Diagenesis, Ruth Ann Strauss

OES Theses and Dissertations

Ninety-three carbonate rock samples collected from four of the major lithofacies types present in the Middle Ordovician limestone sequence of northwestern Virginia were analyzed to investigate whether the lithofacies bear the geochemical signature of the depositional and/or the diagenetic environment. Significant variations in Cr, Fe, Mg, Mn and Sr concentrations exist among the major lithofacies types. Low levels of Sr in both New Market lithofacies are indicative of an open system during diagenesis. Dissimilar Fe and Mn concentrations between these, however, reflect water chemistry differences in the depositional environment. Increasingly greater Cr, Fe, Mn, and Sr concentrations in the Lincolnshire …

Nutrient Cycling In Bordenstake Bay Sediments: A Backbarrier Lagoon, Mark J. Herrenkohl

OES Theses and Dissertations

Six sets of sediment cores were collected over a one year period (June 1986 to July 1987) to examine nutrient cycling in Bordenstake Bay, a back barrier lagoon on Virginia's Eastern Shore Peninsula. The sampling times were chosen to examine any seasonal effects (e.g., temperature changes) which may affect the rates of metabolism in these sediments.

The sedimentation rate in Bordenstake Bay is 0.76 ± 0.21 cm/yr, leading to the annual deposition of 7. 05 moles of carbon, 0.46 moles of nitrogen, and 0.15 moles of phosphorus, per square meter of the sediment surface. The remineralization of organic matter in …

Recent Benthic Foraminifera Of Breton And Stake Islands Northern Gulf Of Mexico, Eric S. Collins

OES Theses and Dissertations

Fifty-three species of recent benthic foraminifera and thecamoebians have been documented and described from the Breton and Stake Island area, northern Gulf of Mexico, and from a core from Barataria Basin, Mississippi delta.

Cluster analysis of benthic assemblages using presence/absence and transformed abundance data reveals the presence of a marsh and shallow water marine biofacies. Based on the results of a presence/absence cluster analysis, the shallow water marine biofacies can be subdivided into a miliolid biofacies am an Ammonia beccarii/Elphidium species biofacies. Cluster analysis of transformed abundance data, however, shows that the shallow marine biofacies can be subdivided into four …

Structural Geology Of Page Valley, Page County, Virginia, Tamera J. Warden

OES Theses and Dissertations

Page Valley contains folded and faulted Cambro-Ordovician rocks that were deformed during the Pennsylvanian-Permian Alleghanian Orogeny. Previous authors (Allen, 1967; Thornton, 1953; and King, 1950) have mapped "high-angle" faults and a klippe along the South Fork of the Shenandoah River west of Luray, Virginia. The southernmost fault offsets the New Market/Lincolnshire and Edinburg formations with the upthrown block to the west. Thornton suggested gravity sliding and strike-slip movement to explain normal displacements along the northernmost fault where the Edinburg Formation is in contact with overturned beds of the Beekmantown Formation. A klippe, as mapped by Allen and Thornton, lies on …

River Potholes: Modern And Ancient, Robert F. Diffendal Jr.

Robert F. Diffendal, Jr., Publications

A river pothole is a cylindrical, bowl-shaped, or irregular hollow that is usually deeper than wide. It is formed in the rocky bed of a stream by either the grinding action of sediment whirled around by stream eddies or the force of fast flowing water. Potholes usually have spirally grooved surfaces. Their widths and depths range from a few inches to many feet. Potholes on the floor of the Susquehanna River near Columbia, Pennsylvania, for example, are large enough to hold objects the size of a small car.

Potholes generally are formed in fairly homogeneous rock by streams that at …

Early Lake Ontogeny Following Neoglacial Ice Recession At Glacier Bay, Alaska, Daniel R. Engstrom, Sherilyn C. Fritz

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

This study explores the environmental forces controlling lake ontogeny at Glacier Bay as a model for early Holocene lake evolution in north temperate lakes worldwide. Long-term chemical and biological changes in lakes are investigated with two complementary research strategies: (1) limnological conditions are compared among 32 lakes of known age and in different stages of primary catchment succession and (2) sediment cores from these same lakes are analyzed stratigraphically for fossil diatoms to ascertain developmental trends in pH, alkalinity, algal composition, and trophic status at individual sites.

Trends in water chemistry inferred from the chronosequence approach include a progressive loss …

Photoengraving, Photowires, And Microcomputers: Technological Incentives For Journalistic Cartography, Mark Monmonier

Syracuse Scholar (1979-1991)

No abstract provided.

Contending With Soil Compaction, Kenneth L. Wells, Lloyd W. Murdock

Soil Science News and Views

Most compaction results from use of machinery on soil which is too wet to work well, or from overworking soil and destroying natural structure. The resultant pressure from tires and tillage tools compresses more soil into a given volume. Regardless of reason, the proportion of solid soil material relative to total volume of soil increases. In the process, natural soil aggregates are broken down and large pores become smaller, generally resulting in soil more difficult for plant roots to penetrate.

Carlton Plains Soil Survey In The Shire Of Wyndham, East Kimberley, T C. Stoneman

Resource management technical reports

The Carlton Plains covers approximately 11,750 ha midway between Wyndham and Kununurra on the northern bank of the Ord River in the Shire of East Kimberley. The survey area is divided into two geomorphic units, the clay plains and the levee areas. Soils of the former generally belong to the Cununurra family of cracking clays while those of the levees are generally more variable and of medium texture.Samples of the major soils were collected for mechanical analysis and basic chemical analysis.Sodium chloride percentages and exchangeable sodium percentages are both high on the clay soils of the western plain. The suitability …

Ua66/8/3 Geogram, Wku Geography & Geology

WKU Archives Records

Newsletter created by and about the WKU Geography & Geology highlighting activities of faculty, students and alumni.

Potential Of Surface Water Contamination From Three Triazine Herbicides, William W. Witt, Kip W. Sander

KWRRI Research Reports

The movement of atrazine, cyanazine, and simazine from the site of application was monitored under conventional, reduced, and no-tillage conditions. Less water and soil was lost from the no-tillage and reduced tillage conditions. Conventional tillage conditions had about 66,000 L/ha runoff in 1986-87 and about 123,000 L/ha runoff in 1987-88. Seasonal rainfall was 885 mm in 1986-87 and 397 mm in 1987-88. The rainfall intensity was greater during the first two events in 1987 than the corresponding events in 1986. The first rainfall event in 1986 accounted for 91, 89, and 78% of the total seasonal loss of atrazine, cyanazine, …

Paleoenvironmental Analysis And Test Of Stratigraphic Cyclicity In The Nolichucky Shale And Maynardville Limestone (Upper Cambrian) In Central East Tennessee, Lawrence James Weber Jr.

Doctoral Dissertations

The Upper Cambrian Nolichucky Shale and Maynardville Limestone (upper Conasauga Group) crop out along a succession of southeastward dipping imbricate thrust sheets, which trend northeast-southwest in the Valley and Ridge of eastern Tennessee. In the vicinity of Oak Ridge and Knoxville, Nolichucky and Maynardville outcrop and drill core have been examined at six localities. The Nolichucky contains an abundance of thick shale and thinly bedded shale and limestone, whereas the Maynardville is composed of very thick-bedded carbonate, predominantly limestone. In central east Tennessee fourteen major lithofacies are identified in the upper Conasauga Group. The Nolichucky/Maynardville sequence is subdivided into three …

Virtually Interactive Large-Scale Model For Arkansas: User's Guide (Vilma), Rosalinda R. A. Cantiller, Richard C. Peralta

Technical Reports

This user’s guide supports the use of VILMA (Virtually Interactive Large-scale Model for Arkansas). This document presents the basic concepts in Chapter I. Chapter II discusses the execution steps that the user follows during a VILMA session. Chapter III provides a detailed illustration of example data files. Chapter IV presents two example VILMA sessions. Finally, Chapter V elaborates on additional concepts. The Appendices consist of relevant program listings, instructions, and example files. In this user’s guide, the word "interactive" means the user enters his responses to the prompts that appear on a computer terminal while he is logged on to …

Canola: A New Cash Crop For Kentucky, James H. Herbek, Lloyd W. Murdock, Dan Kirkland, T. Gray

Soil Science News and Views

For the past few years, Kentucky farmers have become more interested in "alternative" cash crops for their farming operations. One such crop that is starting to receive attention is Canola. Classified as an oil crop, Canola is a type of oilseed rape. Rape is a member of the mustard family and is closely related to turnip. cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli and mustards. It is a cool-season annual and an important oilseed crop in many parts of the world that is used for both human consumption and industrial purposes. Major rapeseed production areas are in Europe and Canada. The seed contains approximately …

The Use Of Down-Hole Video To Evaluate Parameters Affecting Removal Of Storm Water Runoff Into A Karst Aquifer In Bowling Green, Kentucky, Philip Reeder

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Due to recent land use changes, runoff has greatly increased In Bowling Green, necessitating the drilling of nearly 600 drainage wells to direct storm water into the Lost River Karst Aquifer. Research was conducted to (1) differentiate areas of the city as optimal for removal of storm water runoff, (2) correlate lithologic features between wells, and (3) determine optimal depths to which new drainage wells should be drilled. This was accomplished using maximum capacity tests, correlation of lithologic features between wells and comparing void density to depth below the land surface.

It was only possible to develop general trends in …