Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Communication Networks And The Adoption Of Three Farn Practices, P. W. Fry, F. K. Goss

All other publications

The report commences with a discussion of the diffusion and adoption model, and illustrates some of the research observations and practical outcomes that have emerged in recent years, An overview of social network research is presented as a means of understanding communication exchanges and providing data relevant to the diffusion debate. The communication and adoption studies are then reported in three separate sections in the order they were conducted. (A map of the location of the survey areas is shown in Figure I ) . The objectives, survey method, results and a summary are presented for each study.

A background …

Increasing Groundwater Salinity In The Northern Wheatbelt, R J. Mcgowan

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Every farmer in western Australia's northern wheatbelt will know of a groundwater supply, be it bore, well or soak. that has become increasingly saline. The groundwater may have become more saline over a period of 15 years or more, or have been noticed only recently. Inevitably, the bore will lie within an area cleared for agriculture. This increase in groundwater salinity may be associated with soil salinisation. Although researchers have some understanding of the processes causing salinisation of groundwater in the wheatbelt and the extent of the problem, little is known about the rates of salinisation and groundwater rise. A …

A Land Resource Survey Of The Fall Point Coastline, Broome, W.A., P A. Hesp, P J. Curry

Resource management technical reports

The purpose of this study was to find a suitable location for a bird observatory and provide adequate coastal land resource data for the area. The main selection criteria and conditions were: the location was closely adjacent to major wader roosting and feeding sites; all-seasons access was required; the location provided a site of around 2 1/2 hectares to provide space for one or more buildings, camp ground and associated facilities ; anticipated access tracks, site developments and levels of use.

Draining Irrigation Areas, K S. Cole, J P. Middlemas

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Many irrigation schemes throughout the world have turned into unproductive saline flats and swamps. This dramatic change can occur within a few years of irrigation starting and has been part of irrigation schemes from earliest times up to the present day.

The main cause of this salinisation is normally excess irrigation water use combined with poor drainage. Any form of waterlogging will have an adverse effect on plant growth.

Pasture Species Investigations., D. A. Nicolas

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Screening of alternatives to cv. Woogenellup clover. N. Bannister, 81NA37. Byford, 81PE6.

Screening 83MA7, Wilgarup, 83AL49, Hazelvale, 83BU22, Bramley 84V7 - Vasse Research Station.

Screening of early to midseason maturing lines of subterranean clover. 85N056, Beverley, 85M043, W. Calingari.

Screening of early maturing lines of subclover. Tarwonga, 84NA27. Wongan Hills Research Station, 84WH35. Dangin, 85N055. Wongan Hills Research Station, 85WH33.

Influence Of Soil Acidity On Barley Production., P. J. Dolling, A. R. Little

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

A soil survey of 38 sites in barley growing areas of Western Australia was carried out in 1984. It was found that 53% of topsoils surveyed had a pH less than 5.5, acid enough to suspect barley yields might be affected. In 1985 an extensive field trial proqramme was established at 9 sites. The sites were selected from the 1984 survey and they varied in their level of acidity from mild to severe. 85NA, 85NA2, 85NA5, 85NA4, 85NA3, 85KA3, 85KA4, 85KA5, 85KA6, 83N046,

Effect Of Pasture Spraying On Gall Development., V. Nieman

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Sprays with low rates of desiccant herbicide just after head emergence has been shown to control development of toxicity in the same year. The trial was conducted to compare the effect of herbicides with different modes of action on control of toxicity and seed set. 85KA65.

Disease Rating System., M Sweetingham

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Lupin hypocotyl rot trials, 85BA29, 85BA30, 85BA31, 85N054. Lupin root rot trials, 85WH31, 85WH32, 85WH52. Lupin root disease survey - Moora District. Common Root Rot studies, 82M26.

Grain Legume Agronomy Programme., G. H. Walton

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Lupin agronomy, 85AL4, 85AL6, 85M05, 85PE13, 81M029, 81M030, 81M027. Grain legume crop comparisons, 85LG23, 85LG24, 85LG25, 85E23, 85GE28, 85C71, 85ME35, 85KA7, 85E2, 85N5, 85N04, 85SG2, 85E34, 85LG38, 85LG40, 85MN2, 85MD25, 85MN1.

Drainage And The Law, G A. Robertson

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Drainage is being increasingly used in Western Australia as an attempted cure for land salinisation and waterlogging. This is nor surprising as drainage is a technical approach that has, in some cases, improved saline land and reduced the effects of waterlogging. However, drainage is not always successful or cost-effective. A detailed site assessment is required before any large or costly drainage system is attempted. Articles in this issue of the Journal of Agriculture discuss that aspect in detail.

Sub-Surface Drainage Methods For Salinity Control, P R. George

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Sub-surface drainage can control waterlogging and salinity of arable land by removing excess groundwater.

There are two broad types of sub-surface drainage: interception drainage and relief drainage.

The cost of drainage will depend on the specific design for the site. For relief drains the prime determinate of cost will be the required spacing. In general, clay soils of low permeability or seepage areas will need narrower spacings and will be harder and more expensive to reclaim than sands or areas only needing drainage of local water.

Drainage To Control Waterlogging, D J. Mcfarlane, T R. Negus, J W. Cox

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Drains can be classified in several ways. Drains on flat land have similar drainage effects on either side of the drain and are called relief drains. Drains on sloping land intercept seepage water moving down hillsides and therefore have most effect on the downslope side. They are called interceptor drains.

Drains can also be classified as being open drains (that is, open at the ground surface) or buried drains (for example, tube drains).

Assessment Of Waterlogged Sites, D J. Mcfarlane

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Soil is said to be waterlogged if any part of the plant root zone is saturated with water. In severe cases soil is saturated to the surface and waterlogging is obvious. Waterlogging is distinguished from flooding in which surface runoff brings down water from higher up in a catchment. However, flooding may result in waterlogged sites.

Saltland Drainage : Case Studies, P R. George, R A. Nulsen

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Over the past five years farmers have become increasingly interested in the use of drainage to overcome saltland problems.

Experimental work by the Department of Agriculture on sub-surface drainage includes tube drainage and drainage by pumping. The Department is also monitoring the performance of open drains installed by farmers. Major sites are at Esperance, Dalwallinu, Namban and Watheroo.

Some of these projects have been reported in an earlier issue of the Journal of Agriculture. In this article P. R. George, Research Officer and R. A. Nulsen, Principal Research Officer with the Salinity and Hydrology Research Branch, discuss recent results from …

Weed Seed Ecology., A. H. Cheam

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Emergence of weed seedlings from different soil depths. 82MT49, Mt Barker Research Station. 83MT4, Mt Barker Research Station. 82NR12, Northam Research Station. 83NR2, Northam Research Station. 82C37, Chapman Research Station. 83C3, Chapman Research Station. Longevity of buried weed seeds. 82MT50, Mt Barker Research Station. 83MT5, Mt Barker Research Station. 82NR13, Northam Research Station. 83NR3, Northam Research Station. 82C38, Chapman Research Station. 83C4, Chapman Research Station. Emergence of weed seedlings in relation to soil type and cultivation. 82PE32, South Perth. Emergence and fate of weed seeds in different depths of cultivated and undisturbed compacted soil. 84C49, Chapman Research Station. 84MT62, Mt …

The Tolerance Of Cereals To Herbicides., D. G. Bowran

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Herbicides affect not only the weeds present in a crop, but also the crop itself. In the absence of weeds, both positive and negative responses to herbicides have been reported in the literature. The negative responses are the most important, especially if yield is decreased below the economic threshold for herbicide use. Factors which are important in determining the level of crop response to a herbicide include the crop species and variety, the timing of the herbicide, the rate of herbicide and the environmental conditions under which the crop is growing.

The Ecology Of Skeleton Weed In Western Australia, Afghan Thistle Ecology, Reproductive Biology Of Gorteria Personata., J. Dodd

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

1. The ecology of skeleton weed (Chondrilla juncea L.) in Western Australia. Seed production and water use in the glasshouse, 84PE18. Seed production and water use by field-grown skeleton weed, 84BA17, 84BA18. Seedling root growth 85PE54 2. Afghan thistle (Solanum hoplpetalm) ecology Winter rosette survival 84N050. Regenerative ability of S. hoplopetalum, 85PE51. 3. Reproductive biology of Gorteria personata. Gorteria personata Floral biology Seed content of burrs

Doublegee- Seed Dormancy And Longevity, Lupins- Pre And Post Emergence Grass Control, Radish Control, Peas- Metribuzin Bladex, Pre And Post Emergence Grass Control And Post Emergence Weed Control., D. J. Gilbey, R. Klemm

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Doublegee seed longevity x depth. Effect of burial on longevity of doublegee achenes, 76C9, 76KA8. Lupins, Peas, pre-emergence grass control cynch, 85BA42, 85WH53, 85BA43, 85BA44, 85BA45, 85WH60, 85N078, 85N078, 85KA61, 85JE18, 85ME54, 85KA86, 85JE66, 85KA88, 85 KA 92, 85KA85, 85ME52, 85ME53, 85KA87, Weed control in peas - metribuzin - 84ME41

Capeweed, Radish, Wild Oats, Sarsaparilla, Four O'Clock, Saffron Thistle, Onion Weed, Carnation Weed, J. R. Peirce, B J. Raynor

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

85WH59, Capeweed time of spraying. Demonstration, capeweed, oil additions. 85N080, radish, nozzle angles x volumes. 85N081, radish, nozzle angles x rates. 85N082, wild oats, nozzle angles x volumes. 85N083, wild oats, nozzle angles x Rates. 85ME1, sarsaparilla, chemicals. 85N075, sarsaparilla, chemicals. 85TS26, 85ME48, 85ME104, 85GE29, saffron thistle, control with ear spraying in pasture. 85TS41, 85GE29a, saffron thistle, chemical control of seed set, 85TS27, saffron thistle, grazing trial. 85GE36, onion weed, chemicals in pasture. 85GE35, carnation weed, chemicals in pasture.

Efficiency Of Cinch On Brome Grass Control., J. E. Holmes., R L. Thomas

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

85GE34, 85A11, 85A12,

Cereal Weed Control, Cereal Disease, Roundup Effects On Wheat & Barley, Noxious Weed Control., J. H. Moore, E. B. Hoskins, G. Dean

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Pre-seeding Grass Control, 85AL41. Sorrel control with Ally, 85AL39. Capeweed control pre-seeding, 85AL40. Effect of PP 450 on wheat diseases, 83AL36. Roundup effects on wheat and barley, 85AL64. History effects on wheat responses, 85AL42. Garlon 480 time of spraying on blackberry. Blackberry herbicide (high volume) demonstrations and observations. Blackberry herbicide (low volume) demo sites. Comparison of sprayers and spray volume for blackberry control. Blackberry herbicides screening. Krenite on blackberry, 76 AL 8. Methods of Krenite application for blackberry Control. Blackberry Wettability. Ropewick applied 2,4-D Amine for Arum Lily control. Arum lily herbicide screening. Herbicide screening for Arum lily control. Herbicide …

The Ecology Of Skeleton Weed (Chondrilla Juncea) In Western Australia, Demographic Aspects Of Wild Radish (Raphanus Raphanistrum) Populations In Lupin Crops And Identification Of Populations Of Mesquite (Prosopis Spp) From The West Pilbara Region., F. D. Panetta

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

To determine what forms of skeleton weed are present in Western Australia and to map their respective distribution. To determine, on the basis of climatic characteristics, the suitability of various areas within the Western Australian wheatbelt for infestation by skeleton weed. To determine the amounts, viability and dormancy status of seeds produced by field-grown plants during summer and autumn months. To determine the effectiveness of conventional tillage practices in limiting establishment of skeleton weed seedlings. To determine the regularity with which seedling establishment occurs under field conditions and how the probability of establishment is affected by the time of germination. …

Serradella Trial Programme., L. Cransberg

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Serradella Line Evaluation - Stage 2 85A155, Serradella Line Evaluation - Stage 3 85A156, Serradella Establishment - Time of Seeding x Seeding Rate 85A157, Serradella Establishment - Pod Undersowing (Variety x Rate) 85A158, Serradella Establishment - Pod Undersowing (Inoculation) 85A159.

Low Rainfall Pasture Project., M. A. Ewing

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Variety experiments, rows 85M53, small plots 85M54, large plots, 85M43, 85N21, 85ME49, 85M44. defoliation comparison, 85M41. Pasture establishment systems, 85N25, 85N26, 85M52, 85M45, 85M46, 85M47, 85ME61, 85M62, 85M63. Cereals following pastures, 84M42, 84M43, 84M56, 84M57, 84LG34. Pasture wheat rotation, 82WH39, 82M47.

Farm Systems Research Involving New Pasture Species., C. W. Thorn, C. K. Revell

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

The effect of grazing on Circle Valley medic production. Effect of rotations on M. polyrnorpha production and persistence and cereal crop yields, 84 KA 35, 85 LG 44, 84 KA 37 Effect of tillage x gypsum x nitrogen on continuous cereal production, 84 KA 28. Effect of gypsum x seeding rate on the seed yield of three pasture legumes. Pasture species tolerance to grass and broadleaf herbicides. Undersowing cereal crops with burr medic.

Phosphorus Nutrition., M. D. Bolland, M. J. Baker, C. H. Phillips

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Trials reported on: 85 NA 34, 85 NA 35, 85 NO 63, 85 BA 34, 85 BA 36, 85 BA 37, 76 WH 9, 84 E 31, 84 M 63, 84 NO 69, 77 MT 2, 78 BA 7, 65 A 1, 69 WH 15.

Manganese Deficiency - Plant Nutrition., J. W. Gartrell, T. C. Johnston, M. M. Riley

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Effectiveness of different fertilizers for correcting manganese deficiency in wheat

Apparent critical levels in field experiments

Differences between wheat varieties in ability to absorb and utilize soil and fertiliser manganese under deficiency and near-deficiency conditions in the Great Southern.

84N03, 84N04, 84N05, Mean of 3 experiments, 84N07, 84N06, 85N068, 85N064, 85N065, 85N066, 85N067, 85N069, 85LG36.

Copper And Zinc Nutrition Experimental Results., J. W. Gartrell, R. F. Brennan, M. M. Riley

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Long term copper trial - Newdegate research station, 66N14. Copper, zinc and sulphur residual with DAP for wheat, 78WH66. Copper and zinc residual with dap 78Mo36. Zinc residual with high analysis n.p. fertiliser for wheat 80no31. Zinc residual with high analysis n.p. fertiliser for wheat 79me22, 79me23. Zinc residual with high analysis n.p. fertiliser for wheat 82mo8. Zinc, copper and sulphur residual with DAP, 781G27. Methods of copper application on new land, 85JE48. Evaluation of copper ore 85LG47. Zinc by nitrogen interaction, 85LG28. Zinc residual with DAP, 85LG29. Copper sulphate, copper chelate and copper oxychloride effectiveness for wheat, 85LG26. Zinc …

Long Term Rotation Trials, Lupins: Wheat Rotation., I. Rowland, W. Hawkins

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Long term rotation trials 66M29, 67C13, 67N4, 68E5, 65SG5, 73SG16, Lupins : wheat rotation 80TS3, 82TS2, 82M26.

Molybdenum Nutrition., M. M. Riley

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Field trials. Residual value of Molybdenum on an acid soil, 81N040. Residual value of Molybdenum on an acid soil, 81M2. Residual value of Molybdenum of an acid soil, 81LG12. Residual value of Molybdenum on an acid soil, 82N07. Residual values of different Molybdenum sources, 84Me10. Residual values of different Molybdenum sources, 84Ge49 Forms and rates of soil and seed applied Molybdenum, 84Me9. Molybdenum requirements of wheat, triticale and lupins, 84Me8. Residual values of Molybdenum with different nitrogen sources, 85M40. The Molybdenum nutrition of various crop and pasture cultivars, 85Mo42. Molybdenum with pre-emergent herbicides, 85TS21. Glasshouse experiments. Reactions of Molybdenum with …