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Articles 1 - 17 of 17
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Iron (Iii) Oxide And Copper (Ii) Oxide Mediated Formation Of Pcdd/Fs From Thermal Degradation Of 2-Mcp And 1,2-Dcbz, Shadrack Kirwa Nganai
Iron (Iii) Oxide And Copper (Ii) Oxide Mediated Formation Of Pcdd/Fs From Thermal Degradation Of 2-Mcp And 1,2-Dcbz, Shadrack Kirwa Nganai
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Formation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) which occurs inexorably from most thermal and combustion processes constitutes a major toxic component of environmental pollutants. Generally, it is well established that transition metal-mediated reactions account for the majority of PCDD/F emissions from combustion sources. Specifically, both copper and iron ions, which occur abundantly in combustion generated particulate matter, are considered probably the most active in promoting PCDD/F formation typically in the low temperature post-combustion zone and flue gas pollution control devices. It has also been demonstrated that chlorinated phenols are key intermediates in essentially all pathways of PCDD/F formation. Chlorinated benzenes …
Studies Of Nanoparticles From A Group Of Uniform Materials Based On Organic Salts (Gumbos), Aaron Tesfai
Studies Of Nanoparticles From A Group Of Uniform Materials Based On Organic Salts (Gumbos), Aaron Tesfai
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Tesfai, Aaron, B.S., B.A., University of Missouri, Columbia, 2003 Doctor of Philosophy, Spring Commencement 2010 Major: Chemistry Studies of Nanoparticles from a Group of Uniform Materials Based on Organic Salts (GUMBOS) Dissertation directed by Professor Isiah M. Warner Pages in dissertation, 101. Words in abstract, 271. Ionic liquids (ILs) are defined as organic salts composed of ions with melting points at or below 100 °C. ILs have gained considerable attention because of their desirable properties such as low volatility, high thermal stability, and tunability. GUMBOS are an emergent class of organic salts, many of which are ionic liquids (ILs). However, …
Part I: Syntheses, Characterizations, And Investigations Of Molecular Micelles And Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids For Protein Separations In Electrophoresis Part Ii: Investigating The Mentoring Canon Through Exploration Of Thirty Years Of Mentoring By An Exemplar, Monica R. Sylvain
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The research reported in this dissertation is presented in two parts. The first part is the Syntheses, Characterizations, and Investigations of Molecular Micelles and Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids for Protein Separations in Electrophoresis, and the second part is a case study entitled Investigating the Mentoring Canon through Exploration of Thirty Years of Mentoring by an Exemplar. Protein separations in the gel electrophoretic format are ubiquitous analyses used on a daily basis throughout biochemistry, analytical chemistry, and biotechnology. The goal of the research reported in the first part of this dissertation is to synthesize and characterize molecular micelles and ether-functionalized imidazolium-based ionic …
Particle Analysis In Infrared Laser Desorption And Ablation, Xing Fan
Particle Analysis In Infrared Laser Desorption And Ablation, Xing Fan
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The fundamental physical processes of mid infrared laser ablation in the context of laser desorption mass spectrometry were investigated. Understanding the mechanisms of infrared laser desorption and ablation can lead to improvements in these techniques and expand their applications. Particles were generated from glycerol irradiated at atmospheric pressure using a tunable infrared laser at wavelengths between 2.6 and 3.8 µm. The wavelength dependence of size distributions of ablated particles was measured. The particle concentration roughly tracked the infrared absorption spectrum of glycerol and the mean particle size tracked the inverse of the IR absorption. A novel approach, post ablation particle …
Chemistry Of Rhenium(I) Tricarbonyl Complexes Of Biomedical Relevance, Theshini Perera
Chemistry Of Rhenium(I) Tricarbonyl Complexes Of Biomedical Relevance, Theshini Perera
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
fac-[ReI(CO)3L]n complexes serve as models for short-lived fac-[99mTcI(CO)3L] imaging tracers. Dangling groups on L, needed to achieve desirable biodistribution, complicate the NMR spectra, which are not readily understood. In fac-[ReI(CO)3L]+ with less complicated L, NH groups (exo-NH) projecting toward the L face sometimes showed an upfield shift attributable to steric shielding of the exo-NH group from the solvent by the chelate rings. To investigate whether exo-NH groups in six-membered rings exhibit the same effect and whether the …
Computer Simulation Of Ion-Induced Nucleation In The Presence Of Single Ions And Ion Pairs, Samuel Keasler
Computer Simulation Of Ion-Induced Nucleation In The Presence Of Single Ions And Ion Pairs, Samuel Keasler
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Atmospheric aerosol particles play an important role in climate and human health. Despite their importance, the mechanisms of their formation are still poorly understood. Ion-induced nucleation may play a role in the process, but details are lacking about how the nucleation rate depends on the size, charge, and number of ions in the cluster. In order to better understand the role that ions might play in new particle formation, we have performed a series of AVUS-HR simulations of the water nucleation in the presence of both single ions and ion pairs. These simulations have shown that the location of the …
Investigations Of Structure / Property Interrelationships Of Organic Thin Films Using Scanning Probe Microscopy And Nanolithography, Zorabel Mallorca Lejeune
Investigations Of Structure / Property Interrelationships Of Organic Thin Films Using Scanning Probe Microscopy And Nanolithography, Zorabel Mallorca Lejeune
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Studies of the surface assembly and molecular organization of organic thin films were studied using scanning probe microscopy (SPM) and scanning probe lithography (SPL). Systems of organic thin films such as n-alkanethiols and pyridyl functionalized porphyrins were characterized at the molecular level, and measurements of the conductive properties of polythiophenes containing in-chain cobaltabisdicarbollides were accomplished. Understanding the self-organization and mechanisms of self-assembly of organic molecules provides fundamental insight for structure/property interrelationships. Investigations of the surface assembly of 5,10-diphenyl-15,20-di-pyridin-4-yl-porphyrin (DPP) on Au(111) were done using SPL methods of nanoshaving and nanografting. Automated computer designs were developed for nanofabrication to provide local …
Cross-Talk-Free Dual-Color Fluorescence Cross-Correlation Spectroscopy For High-Throughtput Screening, Wonbae Lee
Cross-Talk-Free Dual-Color Fluorescence Cross-Correlation Spectroscopy For High-Throughtput Screening, Wonbae Lee
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
High throughput processing of chemical/biochemical information is critical in many areas, such as genome sequencing, drug discovery and clinical diagnostics. Integral to collecting information at high rates with the necessary throughput is the development of systems that can not only monitor the results with high precision and accuracy, but also prepare and process samples prior to the analytical measurement. To achieve the required throughput, we have conducted work directed toward developing a system that provides detection sensitivity at the single-molecule detection (SMD) level. The research was first focused on the development of a sensitive strategy for the detection of proteins …
Design And Development Of Chiral And Achiral Molecularly Imprinted Stationary Phases, Jason Paul Lejeune
Design And Development Of Chiral And Achiral Molecularly Imprinted Stationary Phases, Jason Paul Lejeune
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Although the cross-linker can comprise over 80% of the polymer composition, improving the nature of the cross-linker in molecularly imprinted polymers has not been studied extensively. The goal of this research is to develop novel cross-linking monomers to either use in the One MoNomer Molecularly Imprinted Polymer system (OMNiMIP) or use in conjunction with other commercially available cross-linkers and functional monomers. Chapter 2 contains research into the understanding of the performance of a new cross-linking monomer (N, O - bismethacryloyl ethanolamine, NOBE) discovered in the Spivak Research Group. The ability of this monomer to outperform traditional two monomer systems in …
Microfluidic Devices Interfaced To Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry For Proteomics, Jeonghoon Lee
Microfluidic Devices Interfaced To Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry For Proteomics, Jeonghoon Lee
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Microfluidic interfaces were developed for off-line matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI). Microfluidic interfaces allow samples to be manipulated on-chip and deposited onto a MALDI target plate for analysis. For this research, microfluidic culturing devices and automated digestion and deposition microfluidic chip platforms were developed for the identification of proteins. The microfluidic chip components were fabricated on a poly(methyl methacrylate), PMMA, wafer using the hot embossing method and a molding tool with structures prepared via micromilling. One of the most important components of the chip system was a trypsin microreactor. An open channel microreactor was constructed in a 100 µm …
Synthesis And Characterization Of Rare Earth-Nickel-Gallium Ternary Intermetallics, Kandace R. Thomas
Synthesis And Characterization Of Rare Earth-Nickel-Gallium Ternary Intermetallics, Kandace R. Thomas
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The structural and physical characterization of several early and latter rare earth Ln-Ni-Ga systems, which include Ln2NiGa12 (Ln = Pr, Nd, Sm), alpha-LnNiGa4 (Ln = Y, Gd – Yb) and beta-LnNiGa4 (Ln = Tb – Ho) will be presented in this work. These systems are thermodynamically located within a copious, robust phase space and provide a rich understanding of how slight modifications to synthetic preparations can yield the adoption of different structure types in a Ga-rich regime. Each of these phases is made up of well-studied substructures which lend an additional angle of apperception as to how their structure and …
Dissolution Of Chitosan In Ionic Liquids For Acylation Chemistry And Formation Of Cellulose-Chitosan Blends, Cristina Stefanescu
Dissolution Of Chitosan In Ionic Liquids For Acylation Chemistry And Formation Of Cellulose-Chitosan Blends, Cristina Stefanescu
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Dissolution of chitosan in ionic liquids was accomplished. It has been shown that 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate (BMIMAc) is a better solvent than 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (BMIMCl). Dissolution of chitosan in BMIMCl required a prior regeneration of chitosan from 1% acetic acid solution. In the case of BMIMAc, both dried chitosan and regenerated chitosan from acetic acid solution have been dissolved in a relatively short amount of time. While concentrations up to 2 wt% of chitosan in BMIMCl could be obtained, concentrations of 10 wt % of chitosan in BMIMAc were realized. Homogeneous phthalation and benzoylation of chitosan were achieved in these ionic …
Highly Efficient Selection, Enumeration, Enrichment, And Molecular Profiling Of Low-Abundance Biological Cells, Udara R. Dharmasiri Rasika Dharmasiri
Highly Efficient Selection, Enumeration, Enrichment, And Molecular Profiling Of Low-Abundance Biological Cells, Udara R. Dharmasiri Rasika Dharmasiri
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
After brief overviews of low-abundance cell selection techniques in chapter 1 and circulating tumor cells in chapter 2, this dissertation initially focuses on the development of aptamer incorporated high-throughput microfluidic techniques to select rare circulation prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) directly from whole blood with subsequent quantification of these rare cells using a non-labeling approach. Then, I extended the technology to environmental samples in an effort around time, sensitivity, and portability of traditional groundwater assessment. As a model bio- pathogen, E. coli O157:H7 was chosen due to its toxicity and its adverse impact on recreational waters. Low-abundance (<100 cells mL-1) E. coli O157:H7 cells were isolated and enriched from environmental water samples using a microfluidic chip that its capture beds were covalently decorated with E.coli O157:H7 specific polyclonal antibodies. The selected cells were enumerated using RT-qPCR technique. Finally, I have integrated HTMSU with electrokinetic enrichment microfluidic unit for performance of single recombinant low-abundance CTC cell-based assay. A series of analytical processes were carried out, including immunoaffinity selection of rare CTCs, quantification of selected cells via conductivity impedance and electrophoretic enrichment of selected cells for PCR/LDR/CE interrogation for detection of low-abundance point mutations in genomic DNA.
A Study Of The Interactions Of Lipid Bilayers And Dendrimers Using Small Angle X-Ray Scattering And Freeze Fracture Transmission Electron Microscopy, Derek R. Dorman
A Study Of The Interactions Of Lipid Bilayers And Dendrimers Using Small Angle X-Ray Scattering And Freeze Fracture Transmission Electron Microscopy, Derek R. Dorman
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Lipids are fundamental to all life forms, a key component of cell walls, and essential to proper respiratory function. They are amphiphilic molecules and readily form bilayers. Dendrimers are designer molecules that can be tailored to provide a variety of endgroup moieties, sizes, and charges. The interaction of liposomes and dendrimers can provide information on how medicine interacts with cells and an array of unique structures can be imagined from their assembly into superstructures. Polypropylenimine tetraamine (DAB-Am) and 1-directional arborol dendrimers have been studied in different molar concentrations with 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC) bilayers. One-directional arborols are amphiphilic dendrimers with a hydrophilic …
Synthesis Of Aza-Bridged Tetraphosphine Ligands For A Dirhodium Hydroformylation Catalyst, Scott Michael Boudreaux
Synthesis Of Aza-Bridged Tetraphosphine Ligands For A Dirhodium Hydroformylation Catalyst, Scott Michael Boudreaux
LSU Master's Theses
A novel tetraphosphine ligand rac-et,ph-P4 (et,ph-P4 = PEt2CH2CH2(Ph)PCH2P(Ph)CH2CH2PEt2) is used for the formation of a highly active and regioselective hydroformylation catalyst. The active catalytic species, Rh2H2(ƒÝ-CO)2(et,ph-P4)]2+, is formed in situ under H2/CO pressure. This is one of the most impressive examples of homobimetallic cooperativity in homogeneous catalysis. The fragmentation of this catalyst by CO has been investigated and confirmed by in situ NMR spectroscopic studies. A new tetraphosphine ligand rac-et,ph-P4-Ph (et,ph-P4-Ph = PEt2(o-C6H4)P(Ph)CH2(Ph)P(o-C6H4)PEt2) has been synthesized to combat this fragmentation problem. However, the inability to successfully separate the meso and racemic isomers of the ligand has led to more alteration …
Recent Advances In Glylons Science, Cornelia Rosu
Recent Advances In Glylons Science, Cornelia Rosu
LSU Master's Theses
A variety of sugar- based polyamides called glylons were synthesized by using different pathways. The sugar- units were derived from D- glucaric acid and D-galactaric acid. Glylons D-glucaric- based with pendant free hydroxyl groups showed a low solubility in organic solvents, due to hydroxyl preference to form strong intra- and intermolecular H- bonding. To minimize these interactions an acetalation reaction was performed. Monoacetalated D-glucaric-based po-lymers exhibited a better solubility in a broader range of solvents but the residual hydroxyl groups favored aggregation. Completely blocked bis-acetalated galactaric-based glylons are so-luble in a broad range of solvents including toluene/methanol mixtures. Deprotection reaction …
Fabrication Of Receptor-Modified Microfluidic Surfaces For Applications In Glycoprotein Screening, Jennifer Macalindong De Guzman
Fabrication Of Receptor-Modified Microfluidic Surfaces For Applications In Glycoprotein Screening, Jennifer Macalindong De Guzman
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Glycoproteins have long been identified to have a profound association with human pathological processes, and they are much sought after as potential biomarkers to aid in the early diagnosis and clinical prognosis of cancers and diseases. There is currently high demand for high-throughput and low–limit–of–detection techniques that can afford profiling of the glycoproteome. Micro-total analysis systems (µTAS) based on microfluidics have the potential to fulfill these requirements, but in order to reduce the complexity of the protein pool, the µTAS devices must contain a pre-isolation and enrichment component. The research project undertaken here involved derivatization of microfluidic …