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Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Instrumental Approaches For High Resolution Photoluminescence Spectroscopy And Its Applications To Environmental Analysis, Anthony Santana
Instrumental Approaches For High Resolution Photoluminescence Spectroscopy And Its Applications To Environmental Analysis, Anthony Santana
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
Photoluminescence phenomena provide valuable information for the direct analysis of target chemicals in complex samples. To take full advantage of the information content of fluorescence and phosphorescence phenomena, the analyst should have access to instrumentation capable to record data formats in the wavelength and time domains. Previous efforts in our lab have developed laser-based instrumentation to combine spectral and lifetime information into data formats known as wavelength time matrices (WTMs) and time-resolved excitation emission matrices (TREEMs). Recording WTMs during the emission decay of the sample makes it possible to unambiguously identify chemicals on the bases of spectral and lifetime information. …
Split Catalytic Probes For The Detection Of Monkeypox Virus, Jaehyun Ahn
Split Catalytic Probes For The Detection Of Monkeypox Virus, Jaehyun Ahn
Honors Undergraduate Theses
The COVID-19 outbreak highlighted the important role that diagnostic tests play in the healthcare system. To reduce the impact of infectious disease outbreaks, the development of rapid and cost-effective point-of-care-tests (POCTs) is crucial. With the dissemination of the Monkeypox (Mpox) virus, it became a necessity to produce POCTS that are inexpensive and easy to use. This work explored the construction of two colorimetric assays that aim to detect Mpox genetic signatures. One is based on the split-peroxidase-like deoxyribozyme probes (sPDz), while the other utilizes a cascade system of split RNA-cleaving deoxyribozyme (sDz) and peroxidase-like deoxyribozyme (PDz). Both rely on catalytic …
A Developmental Investigation Of Separation And Analysis Of Molecular Mass 302 Da Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography And Chiral Stationary Phase, James Janesko
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
High molecular weight – polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (HMW-PAH) are often found where air, water, and soil are subject to higher levels of industrial pollutants. These molecules are environmentally concerning due to their carcinogenic, mutagenic, and tumorigenic propensities. Furthermore, the isomers in this family are challenging to separate due to similar retention parameters, spectroscopic fingerprints, and mass spectral patterns. The primary purpose of this dissertation is to expand on the methodology for separation and analysis of the molecular mass 302 Da six-ring isomers using High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Retention behaviors of 21 commercially available isomers in synthetic mixture were collected via …
Analysis Of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons In Tobacco Related Samples Via High Performance Liquid Chromatography And Laser Excited Time Resolved Shpol' Skii Spectroscopy, Ahmed Comas
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
Human exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) due to cigarette smoke is well known. It is also known that PAHs are not inherent components of tobacco. Their presence in cigarette smoke results from the curing process of tobacco leaves used for the fabrication of cigarettes and the incomplete combustion of tobacco during the smoking process. The two chromatographic versions of EPA method 610 are popular approaches for the analysis of PAHs in a wide variety of samples. This method, which is based either on High-Performance Liquid-Chromatography (HPLC) or Gas-Chromatography (GC) has shown the presence of Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) in tobacco samples …
Development Of A Screening Methodology For The Analysis Of Rhodamine B In Foodstuffs, George T. Knecht
Development Of A Screening Methodology For The Analysis Of Rhodamine B In Foodstuffs, George T. Knecht
Honors Undergraduate Theses
Synthetic dyes that are used as color additives in foodstuffs are regulated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) under the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FD&C). The use of synthetic dyes not approved by the FDA, or the addition of dyes approved by the FDA above their maximum concentration limits in foodstuffs necessarily constitutes illegal food adulteration. Recently, rhodamine B (RhB), a bright-pink synthetic dye not approved for use in foodstuffs, has become an adulterant of interest due to its discovery in a large variety of food samples, and its identity as a potential carcinogen. Numerous chromatographic and spectroscopic …
Using Wastewater-Based Epidemiology To Study Chlamydia Occurrence On A College Campus, Jessie E. Chin Quee
Using Wastewater-Based Epidemiology To Study Chlamydia Occurrence On A College Campus, Jessie E. Chin Quee
Honors Undergraduate Theses
Chlamydia is a sexually transmitted disease caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, commonly affecting sexually active college-aged adults. Presently, opportunistic testing, self-testing, and information campaigns are methods to screen vulnerable populations and raise awareness about chlamydia. Chlamydia remains underdiagnosed and undertested due to a lack of participation by individuals who may have been exposed to it. Wastewater-based epidemiology is a rising biomonitoring tool that detects the presence of disease- and drug-specific biomarkers in a community's wastewater. In this study, wastewater-based epidemiology was used to detect the presence of C. trachomatis on the University of Central Florida campus. Wastewater samples were collected …
Surface Engineering For Controlled Growth And Deposition Of Nanomaterials - Assembly And Design At The Nano-Microscale, David Fox
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
Materials with nanoscale dimensions offer several important benefits over bulk materials (e.g. increased surface area, low-cost, deviation from bulk properties, etc.). Such materials are critical components for next-generation energy storage materials, optoelectronic devices, and catalyst systems. However, these materials are often processed in liquid media, and their diminutive structures are fragile in the presence of capillary forces. As such, preparing uniform and stable nanomaterial coatings is a significant challenge. Herein, we discuss an approach where the substrate itself is factored into the assembly and growth of these materials. First, nanoporous surfaces were utilized to achieve a uniform deposition of one-dimensional …
Development Of A Computational Application To Aid With Chemometric And Forensic Analysis Of Fire Debris Samples, Michelle Corbally
Development Of A Computational Application To Aid With Chemometric And Forensic Analysis Of Fire Debris Samples, Michelle Corbally
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
Fire debris analysis is a forensic science discipline that determines if an ignitable liquid residue is present or absent in a fire debris sample. Currently, fire debris analysis results in categorical statements based on qualitative data, not the quantitative evidentiary value of data. The purpose of this research was to develop a novel software application to aid fire debris analysts in the identification and classification of ignitable liquid residues that are found in fire debris samples. The developed application uses target factor analysis (TFA) and Pearson correlation for compound identification in gas chromatograms using mass spectral comparison and allows for …
Investigation Of Catalysis Of Nitration By Cytochrome P450s, Lannika Johnson
Investigation Of Catalysis Of Nitration By Cytochrome P450s, Lannika Johnson
Honors Undergraduate Theses
TxtE is a protein related to cytochrome P450 enzymes, which catalyze a number of reactions that typically involve oxygen and not nitrogen. It has been discovered that TxtE can nitrate tryptophan through an unusual reaction in which it uses nitric oxide (NO) as a nitrogen donor to install the nitro group despite NO typically being considered toxic to bacteria. This project will determine if all cytochromes P450 can catalyze nitration as long as they are given NO. This will have an impact on understanding drug delivery and metabolism for which nitration is important.
Investigation Of Dna Hybridization In Localized Systems In Close Proximity, Ashley M. Sewsankar
Investigation Of Dna Hybridization In Localized Systems In Close Proximity, Ashley M. Sewsankar
Honors Undergraduate Theses
Hybridization of two or more DNA or RNA strands is well documented for the process taking place with all strands free in solution or when one strand is immobilized on a substrate. This study contributes to the investigation of the hybridization process when two single DNA strands (ssDNA) are in close proximity. We took advantage of an X sensor in which hybridization of four DNA strands enables the formation of a DNA four-way junction (crossover or X) structure. We immobilized multiple layers of crossover structures to study its hybridization being triggered by short ssDNA coming from solution and further investigate …
Synthesis And Characterization Of Silver-Gold Nanocage With Enhanced Thermal Stability, Victoria Ten
Synthesis And Characterization Of Silver-Gold Nanocage With Enhanced Thermal Stability, Victoria Ten
Honors Undergraduate Theses
Silver-gold nanocages have attracted considerable research interest recently due to their excellent performance in the fields of biomedicine and photocatalysis. These applications oftentimes manipulate at elevated temperatures and therefore impose demands on the thermal stability of the cage structures. To better understand this subject, in this work, we systematically evaluated the thermal stability of two nanocages with different wall thicknesses of 3.8 nm and 13 nm, both in the solution-phase (diethylene glycol) and solid-phase (in-situ STEM). The results revealed that the nanocages with thicker walls exhibited better thermal stabilities in both phases. By monitoring and analyzing the morphology changes of …
Polymer Derived Ceramic For Lithium-Ion Storage, And Electrospun Polyelectrolyte Fiber For Heavy Metal Ions Removal, Zeyang Zhang
Polymer Derived Ceramic For Lithium-Ion Storage, And Electrospun Polyelectrolyte Fiber For Heavy Metal Ions Removal, Zeyang Zhang
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
This dissertation includes two major projects. The first project investigated the great potential of polymer-derived ceramics (PDCs) as lithium-ion battery anode materials with good cycling stability and large capacity. SiCNO ceramic nanoparticles were produced by pyrolysis of polysilazane nanoparticles synthesized via an oil-in-oil emulsion crosslinking. The SiCNO nanoparticles had an average particle size of around 9 nm and contained graphitic carbon, Si3N4, and SiO2 domains. The electrochemical behavior of SiCNO nanoparticles anode was investigated to evaluate the Li-ion storage performance and understand its mechanism of Li-ion storage. The lithiation of SiCNO was observed at ~0.385 V versus Li/Li+. The anode …
Genomic Analysis Of Pollen Grains For Forensic Applications, Luz Kelley
Genomic Analysis Of Pollen Grains For Forensic Applications, Luz Kelley
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
With over 300,000 plant species on the planet and more than 90% of them relying on pollen for reproduction, palynology, the study of pollen grains plays a vital role in many research fields. One of them is forensic palynology, which uses pollen as a proxy to link individuals or objects to a location or instance. It relies on the fact that (1) pollen is an ever-present feature of the environment; (2) different locations have different pollen signatures, allowing for inference related to spatial tracking; (3) plants bloom at different times, allowing for temporal inference; and (4) pollen is exceptionally durable …
Analysis And Characterization Of Smokeless Powders And Smokeless Powder Residues, Emily Lennert
Analysis And Characterization Of Smokeless Powders And Smokeless Powder Residues, Emily Lennert
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
The ability to associate a smokeless powder, smokeless powder residue, or organic gunshot residue (OGSR) to one another may be helpful in determining the origin of a suspected sample and aid in linking a suspect to a crime scene. In this study, smokeless powders were extracted and analyzed via gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and direct analysis in real time – high resolution mass spectrometry (DART-HRMS). Subsequently, group definition was performed using hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis followed by internally validated classification models. Then, smokeless powder residues were generated in-lab and extracted. Resulting residue data from each …
Heterogenous Reduction Of Co2 Over Boron-Rich Alb2, Jose C. Berger
Heterogenous Reduction Of Co2 Over Boron-Rich Alb2, Jose C. Berger
Honors Undergraduate Theses
Evidence suggests that the recent drastic changes in the global climate have been caused by greenhouse gases, especially CO2. As a result, scientists are aiming to develop processes that either minimize the production of these gases or convert them into products of higher value. To that end, the catalytic properties of a two-dimensional boron-rich material were investigated. Herein is reported that such a material can reduce CO2 into benzene, C3 species, and C4 species at relatively low temperatures (225-450 ℃) and pressures (0.38 MPa). Current data suggest that a low-temperature induction period (e.g., 225 ℃) …
Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production Over Boron Rich Solids, Emma E. Blanco
Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production Over Boron Rich Solids, Emma E. Blanco
Honors Undergraduate Theses
The greenhouse emission produced from the combustion of fossil fuels, such as methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2), are linked to global warming crisis because of their ability to absorb heat emitted to space by the Earth’s atmosphere. Over the last century, methane is estimated to have the Global Warming Potential (GWP) estimated to be 28-36 times larger than carbon dioxide. Although it is released in smaller quantities, methane traps nearly 90 times more heat than CO2. While recent research efforts has focused on the capture and conversion of CO2, these efforts …
Reticular Design And Synthesis Of Metal-Organic Frameworks With Targeted Emergent Properties, David Fairchild
Reticular Design And Synthesis Of Metal-Organic Frameworks With Targeted Emergent Properties, David Fairchild
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
The research presented in this dissertation describes the design and synthesis of substitutional-solid-solution-based multivariate metal-organic frameworks (SSS-based MTV MOFs) with functionalized organic linkers to study their emergent properties in the crystalline solid state. The synthetic versatility and tunability of organic chemistry coupled with the predictable organization of inorganic structures enables MTV MOF systems to further the fundamental understanding of structure-composition-property relationships for the targeted design of applied materials due to their ability to control the structure, composition, and property independently. To begin, a set of terphenyl linkers with varied steric and electronic properties were crystallized as a family of UiO-type …
Development Of An Hipsc-Cortical Neuron Long-Term Potentiation Model And Its Application To Alzheimer's Disease Modeling And Drug Evaluation, Kaveena Autar
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is commonly characterized by a loss of cognitive function due to the deterioration of neuronal synapses from the presence of senile amyloid beta-42 (Aß42) plaques. Evaluating cognitive deficits caused by Aß42 using human cortical neurons poses a challenge due to sourcing difficulties, and the use of animal models to assess drug efficacy creates biological hurdles from lack of species translatability. Recent advances in induced-pluripotent stem cell technology have enabled the development of mature, human-based cortical neuron models. The development of an hiPSC-cortical neuron differentiation protocol facilitates the exploration of disease onset and functional analysis from a patient-derived …
Tuning The Fluid Wetting Dynamics On Gold Microstructures And Conductivity Of Polyaniline Using Photoactive Compounds, Ali Haghighat Mesbahi
Tuning The Fluid Wetting Dynamics On Gold Microstructures And Conductivity Of Polyaniline Using Photoactive Compounds, Ali Haghighat Mesbahi
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
Organic photochromic compounds (OPCs) are considered as a class of light sensitive compounds that undergo reversible structural transformation of their physicochemical properties (i.e., polarity and charge distribution) upon light irradiation as an external stimulus. These compounds have been extensively studied for decades, and are used in various applications such as biomedicine, chemical sensors and harvesting solar energy. In this thesis, applications of OPCs were investigated under two different projects: 1) controlling wettability of flat and microstructured gold surfaces and 2) controlling the electrical conductivity of polyaniline. The first project demonstrates how photoactive compounds can be used to tune the surface …
Utilizing High Throughput Computing Techniques For The Predictions Of Spectroscopic Properties Of Astrophysically Relevant Molecules, Brian Ferrari
Utilizing High Throughput Computing Techniques For The Predictions Of Spectroscopic Properties Of Astrophysically Relevant Molecules, Brian Ferrari
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
Here, we utilize Quantum Chemistry (QC) approaches to predict the structures, vibrational frequencies, infrared intensities and Raman activities of unusual molecular species using the General Atomic and Molecular Structure System (GAMESS(US)) package. A Python-based software, AutoGAMESS, was developed to automate the workflow and take advantage of High Throughput Computing (HTC) techniques enabling the automated generation of spectroscopic data from hundreds of calculations. This approach was utilized to determine these properties for a series of carbon oxides (C2On; n = 3 to 4), anticipated to be produced during the radiation of pure carbon dioxide ices, under conditions relevant to the interstellar …
Photoluminescence Properties Of Polycyclic Aromatic Sulfur Heterocycles And Their Sorption And Desorption Onto Microplastics., Sadia Arif
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
Polycyclic aromatic sulfur heterocycles (PASHs) are sulfur analogues of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) commonly found in environmental samples exposed to oil contamination. The determination of PASHs in complex samples is far more difficult than PAHs because of the sulfur atom in the heterocyclic ring, which increases the total number of possible isomeric compounds. Since their toxicological properties vary considerably from isomer to isomer, the unambiguous determination of specific isomers in environmental samples is crucial for ecotoxicological purposes and human safety. GC-MS has been the primary analytical technique for the determination of PASHs in environmental samples. Unfortunately, as the number of …
Analysis Of Sexual Lubricants As A Form Of Trace Evidence For Sexual Assault Cases, Brooke Baumgarten
Analysis Of Sexual Lubricants As A Form Of Trace Evidence For Sexual Assault Cases, Brooke Baumgarten
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
A major gap in sexual assault casework is demonstrated when DNA is not recovered. Oftentimes, if DNA evidence is not present on the collection swabs, the sexual assault kit (SAK) is not further analyzed. Due to the "CSI effect," DNA is commonly understood as highly identifiable evidence, potentially leading to increased condom usage to eliminate or reduce DNA transfer during a sexual assault. Therefore, the analysis of condoms and sexual lubricants is pertinent. The purpose of this research is to develop analytical protocols to potentially connect unknown substances recovered in a SAK to known lubricant reference samples. Sexual lubricants were …
Identification And Detection Of Cosmetics Transferred During Close Personal Attacks, Kandyss Najjar
Identification And Detection Of Cosmetics Transferred During Close Personal Attacks, Kandyss Najjar
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
New types of trace evidence are necessary to account for the potential lack of evidence found during criminal investigations, due to perpetrators' awareness of common types such as latent prints, hair, and DNA. During cases involving close personal contact, such as sexual assault, perpetrators may not be aware of the possible transfer of cosmetics from or onto the victim or crime scene. Therefore, this project focused on analyzing and developing characterization schemes for cosmetic components, specifically glitter and shimmer particles. Analysis of these particles was performed using various analytical techniques, such as microscopy and spectroscopy techniques, and the developed characterization …
Analysis Of Lubricants At Trace Levels Using Infrared Spectroscopy, Tanmai Bandarupalli
Analysis Of Lubricants At Trace Levels Using Infrared Spectroscopy, Tanmai Bandarupalli
Honors Undergraduate Theses
Analysis of trace evidence involved in sexual assault investigations holds considerable potential as a newer avenue of identification when bulk, larger evidence is not found or unreliable. Trace analysis of forensic materials involves common findings such as strands of hair, residues left on clothing, shards of paint or glass, etc. In recent research focused on the analysis of trace materials found as evidence in a sexual assault, there has been promise in condom and bottled lubricant classification based on their chemical profiles that can provide an associative link in an investigation. Few studies have considered the examination of lubricant evidence …
Highly Reproducible Electrochemical Sensors Towards Wearable Applications And Pharmaceutical Analysis, Mohammad Rostampour Kakroudi
Highly Reproducible Electrochemical Sensors Towards Wearable Applications And Pharmaceutical Analysis, Mohammad Rostampour Kakroudi
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
Ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) are widely used to monitor ions in various applications from environmental to clinical settings and pharmaceutical analysis. ISEs are a type of potentiometric sensor that provides a versatile, cost-effective, and efficient platform towards wearable sensing applications. Among the two different platforms of ISEs (solid-contact and liquid-contact), solid-contact ISEs are superior to ISEs with internal electrolytes (liquid-contact) since they are easy to be miniaturized, can be used in any environment and their portability is facilitated. Unfortunately, mass production and commercialization of such devices is often constrained by the requirement of sensor calibration. Thus, approaches for sensor manufacturing towards …
Applications Of The Match Model To Analyze Student Problem-Solving, Barbara Chiu
Applications Of The Match Model To Analyze Student Problem-Solving, Barbara Chiu
Honors Undergraduate Theses
Problem-solving has been recognized as a critical skill that students lack in the current education system, due to the use of algorithmic questions in tests that can be simply memorized and solved without conceptual understanding. Research on student problem-solving is needed to gain deeper insight into how students are approaching problems and where they lack proficiency so that instruction can help students gain a conceptual understanding of chemistry. The MAtCH (methods, analogies, theory, context, how) model was recently developed from expert explanations of their research and could be a valuable model to identify key components of student problem-solving. This project …
Polymer-Based And Functionalized 3d Microelectrode Array (Mea) Biosensors, Nilab Azim
Polymer-Based And Functionalized 3d Microelectrode Array (Mea) Biosensors, Nilab Azim
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
Microphysiological systems are three-dimensional (3D) in vitro systems that recapitulate crucial biological aspects of cell heterogeneity and native tissue architecture by mimicking complex structures that are impossible in two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures. Microelectrode arrays (MEAs) are biosensors used to spatially and temporally monitor the activity of microphysiological systems by transducing cellular signals into electronic signals to provide quantitative data on the in vitro system. Conventional MEAs are typically planar in nature, however, 3D MEAs offer several advantages such as better simulation of an in vivo cellular environment and improved signal-to-noise ratio and cell-electrode coupling. MEA fabrication utilizing traditional cleanroom methods …
Classification Of Ground-Truth Fire Debris Samples Using Neural Networks, Nicholas Thurn
Classification Of Ground-Truth Fire Debris Samples Using Neural Networks, Nicholas Thurn
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
Fire debris samples are currently analyzed according to ASTM E1618-19, which is the "Standard Test Method for Ignitable Liquid Residues in Extracts from Fire Debris Samples by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry." This method requires that an analyst make a visual comparison to an appropriate reference sample using the total ion and the extracted ion chromatograms. The analyst then provides an opinion about whether an ignitable liquid residue is present in the sample. The method is inherently subjective due to the visual interpretation that is needed. In order to automate this process, this work uses neural networks and a subset of the …
Total Synthesis Of Natural Products From Oxidative Dearomatization, Nameer Ezzat
Total Synthesis Of Natural Products From Oxidative Dearomatization, Nameer Ezzat
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-
The goal of our research is to prepare natural products and related core structures through oxidative dearomatization. The development of a stereoselective iron (III)-mediated intramolecular cascade dearomatization of phenol allowed access to various spirocyclohexadienones and tropons in one step using potassium ferricyanide via single electron transfer (SET). Using this oxidative dearomatization reaction, the thesis focuses on three main parts. The first part is the synthetic efforts toward total synthesis of Harringtonolide. The second part focused on the synthesis of spiro[4.5]decane, a core structure in multiple natural products. The spiro compounds were prepared from ortho hydroxyphenyl nitroalkanes using SET reaction with …
Seaweed As A Carrier For Microplastics, Stephanie M. Rodriguez
Seaweed As A Carrier For Microplastics, Stephanie M. Rodriguez
Honors Undergraduate Theses
Analysis of seaweed as a vector for microplastics is an integral part of understanding the formation and deposition of micro-sized plastic waste in seawater. The project itself originated due to the influx of seaweed (and mismanaged plastic waste) residing on the shores of St. Kitts and Nevis and the constant deposition of plastic pollution intertwined within the seaweed. The natural occurrence of the two together lead to the consideration of fragmented plastics remaining on the seaweed. The objective of this research is to stain, identify, and quantify the concentration of microplastics sourced from both store-bought and environmental seaweed samples. A …