Physical Sciences and Mathematics | Open Access Articles

The Hubble Space Telescope * Cluster Supernova Survey. Ii. The Type Ia Supernova Rate In High-Redshift Galaxy Clusters, K Barbary, G Aldering, R Amanullah, M Brodwin, N Connolly, Ks Dawson, M Doi, P Eisenhardt, L Faccioli, V Fadeyev, Hk Fakhouri, As Fruchter, D G. Gilbank, Md Gladders, G Goldhaber, A Goobar, T Hattori, E Hsiao, Xiaosheng Huang, Y Ihara, K Kashikawa, B Koester, K Konishi, M Kowalski, C Lidman, L Lubin, J Meyers, T Morokuma, T Oda, N Panagia, S Perlmutter, M Postman, P Ripoche, P Rosati, D Rubin, Dj Schlegel, Al Spadafora, Sa Stanford, M Strovink, N Suzuki, N Takanashi, K Tokita, N Yasuda

Physics and Astronomy

We report a measurement of the Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) rate in galaxy clusters at 0.9 < z < 1.46 from the Hubble Space Telescope Cluster Supernova Survey. This is the first cluster SN Ia rate measurement with detected z > 0.9 SNe. Finding 8 ± 1 cluster SNe Ia, we determine an SN Ia rate of 0.50+0.23 –0.19 (stat) +0.10 –0.09 (sys) h 2 70 SNuB (SNuB ≡ 10–12 SNe L –1 ☉, B yr–1). In units of stellar mass, this translates to 0.36+0.16 –0.13 (stat) +0.07 –0.06 (sys) h 2 70 SNuM (SNuM ≡ 10–12 SNe M –1 ☉ yr–1). This represents a …

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The Sn 393-Snr Rx J1713.7-3946 (G347.3-0.5) Connection, Robert A. Fesen, Richard Kremer, Daniel Patnaude, Dan Milisavljevic

Dartmouth Scholarship

Although the connection of the Chinese "guest" star of 393 AD with the Galactic supernova remnant RX J1713.7-3946 (G347.3-0.5) made by Wang et al. in 1997 is consistent with the remnant's relatively young properties and the guest star's projected position within the "tail" of the constellation Scorpius, there are difficulties with such an association. The brief Chinese texts concerning the 393 AD guest star make no comment about its apparent brightness, stating only that it disappeared after eight months. However, at the remnant's current estimated 1-1.3 kpc distance and A _V 3, its supernova (SN) should have been a visually …

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Time Evolution Of The Reverse Shock In Sn 1006, P. Frank Winkler, Andrew J. S. Hamilton, Knox S. Long, Robert A. Fesen

Dartmouth Scholarship

The Schweizer-Middleditch star, located behind the SN 1006 remnant and near its center in projection, provides the opportunity to study cold, expanding ejecta within the SN 1006 shell through UV absorption. Especially notable is an extremely sharp red edge to the Si II 1260 Å feature, which stems from the fastest moving ejecta on the far side of the SN 1006 shell—material that is just encountering the reverse shock. Comparing Hubble Space Telescope far-UV spectra obtained with the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph in 2010 and with the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph in 1999, we have measured the change in this feature …

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Reducing Zero-Point Systematics In Dark Energy Supernova Experiments, L. Faccioli, A. G. Kim, R. Miquel, G. Bernstein, A. Bonissent, M. Brown, W. Carithers, Jodi L. Christiansen, N. Connolly, S. Deustua, D. Gerdes, L. Gladney, G. Kushner, E. V. Linder, S. Mckee, A. Mostek, H. Shukla, A. Stebbins, C. Stoughton, D. Tucker

Physics

We study the effect of filter zero-point uncertainties on future supernova dark energy missions. Fitting for calibration parameters using simultaneous analysis of all Type Ia supernova standard candles achieves a significant improvement over more traditional fit methods. This conclusion is robust under diverse experimental configurations (number of observed supernovae, maximum survey redshift, inclusion of additional systematics). This approach to supernova fitting considerably eases otherwise stringent mission calibration requirements. As an example we simulate a space-based mission based on the proposed JDEM satellite; however the method and conclusions are general and valid for any future supernova dark energy mission, ground or …

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Evidence For Particle Acceleration To The Knee Of The Cosmic Ray Spectrum In Tycho’S Supernova Remnant, Kristoffer A. Eriksen, John P. Hughes, Carles Badenes, Robert Fesen

Dartmouth Scholarship

Supernova remnants (SNRs) have long been assumed to be the source of cosmic rays (CRs) up to the "knee" of the CR spectrum at 10^15 eV, accelerating particles to relativistic energies in their blast waves by the process of diffusive shock acceleration (DSA). Since cosmic ray nuclei do not radiate efficiently, their presence must be inferred indirectly. Previous theoretical calculations and X-ray observations show that CR acceleration modifies significantly the structure of the SNR and greatly amplifies the interstellar magnetic field. We present new, deep X-ray observations of the remnant of Tycho's supernova (SN 1572, henceforth Tycho), which reveal a …

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Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Physics and Astronomy

The Sn 393-Snr Rx J1713.7-3946 (G347.3-0.5) Connection, Robert A. Fesen, Richard Kremer, Daniel Patnaude, Dan Milisavljevic

Dartmouth Scholarship

Time Evolution Of The Reverse Shock In Sn 1006, P. Frank Winkler, Andrew J. S. Hamilton, Knox S. Long, Robert A. Fesen

Dartmouth Scholarship

Physics

Evidence For Particle Acceleration To The Knee Of The Cosmic Ray Spectrum In Tycho’S Supernova Remnant, Kristoffer A. Eriksen, John P. Hughes, Carles Badenes, Robert Fesen

Dartmouth Scholarship