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Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Flexible Cellulose Based Polypyrrole-Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Films For Bio-Compatible Zinc Batteries Activated By Simulated Body Fluids, Sha Li, Zai Ping Guo, Cai Yun Wang, Gordon G. Wallace, Hua-Kun Liu
Flexible Cellulose Based Polypyrrole-Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Films For Bio-Compatible Zinc Batteries Activated By Simulated Body Fluids, Sha Li, Zai Ping Guo, Cai Yun Wang, Gordon G. Wallace, Hua-Kun Liu
Gordon Wallace
This work aims to develop biocompatible non-toxic materials for implantable bio-electronic cells. Polypyrrole (PPy)–carbon nanotube (CNT) composites with varied ratios of PPy to CNTs were chemically synthesized and used as cathodes with the support of cellulose paper. Zinc foil was used as the anode material due to its non-toxicity and moderate dissolution rate in aqueous solutions. Simulated body fluids (SBFs) with various protein concentrations were applied as electrolytes in this battery system. The PPy–CNT|Zn cell is capable of being discharged up to 24.5 hours at a current density of 60 μA cm−2 in a protein free SBF. The batteries have …
Low Mach Number Fluctuating Hydrodynamics Of Diffusively Mixing Fluids, Aleksandar Donev, Andy J. Nonaka, Yifei Sun, Thomas Fai, Alejandro Garcia, John B. Bell
Low Mach Number Fluctuating Hydrodynamics Of Diffusively Mixing Fluids, Aleksandar Donev, Andy J. Nonaka, Yifei Sun, Thomas Fai, Alejandro Garcia, John B. Bell
Alejandro Garcia
We formulate low Mach number fluctuating hydrodynamic equations appropriate for modeling diffusive mixing in isothermal mixtures of fluids with different density and transport coefficients. These equations eliminate the fast isentropic fluctuations in pressure associated with the propagation of sound waves by replacing the equation of state with a local thermodynamic constraint. We demonstrate that the low Mach number model preserves the spatio-temporal spectrum of the slower diffusive fluctuations. We develop a strictly conservative finite-volume spatial discretization of the low Mach number fluctuating equations in both two and three dimensions. We construct several explicit Runge-Kutta temporal integrators that strictly maintain the …