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Articles 1 - 11 of 11
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Floods Of The Mekong At Chiang Saen, Northern Thailand: Archaeological And Osl Dating Of Large Floods, Spencer H. Wood, Alan D. Ziegler, Tammy M. Rittenour
Floods Of The Mekong At Chiang Saen, Northern Thailand: Archaeological And Osl Dating Of Large Floods, Spencer H. Wood, Alan D. Ziegler, Tammy M. Rittenour
Spencer H. Wood
One meter and a half of floodplain sediment buries AD 14‐15th C brick temple ruins and cultural layers on the Laos floodplain of the Mekong, across from Chiang Saen Noi. Dark soil layers separating three flood‐sediment layers suggest the soils developed on sediment layers deposited by large floods. Little or no deposition occurs between such events. The upper flood layer was probably deposited by the September, 1966 flood that inundated Chiang Saen city to a depth of three meters, with maximum gage height reaching 13.82 m, and peak flow of 23,500 m3/s. In comparison, the depth of the August 2008 …
Northern Thailand Geothermal Resources And Development: A Review And 2012 Update, Fongsaward Suvagondha Singharajwarapan, Spencer H. Wood, Natthaporn Prommakorn, Lara Owens
Northern Thailand Geothermal Resources And Development: A Review And 2012 Update, Fongsaward Suvagondha Singharajwarapan, Spencer H. Wood, Natthaporn Prommakorn, Lara Owens
Spencer H. Wood
Northern Thailand has 16 hot spring systems with surface temperatures near or greater than 80°C with potential for binary plant power generation. Presently only Fang system generates power from wells flowing a total of 8.3 1/s of 116°C water to a 300 kW single module Ormat binary plant. Current production is 150-250 KW, which potentially can be increased by constructing new wells and increasing flow by pumping. Of the other 15 systems, 4 are in national parks and not considered for development. Several of the hot springs systems have silica geothermometry >130°C suggesting significant undeveloped resources exist in northern Thailand. …
Radiometric And Geometric Analysis Of Hyperspectral Imagery Acquired From An Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, Ryan Hruska, Jessica Mitchell, Matthew Anderson, Nancy F. Glenn
Radiometric And Geometric Analysis Of Hyperspectral Imagery Acquired From An Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, Ryan Hruska, Jessica Mitchell, Matthew Anderson, Nancy F. Glenn
Nancy Glenn
In the summer of 2010, an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) hyperspectral calibration and characterization experiment of the Resonon PIKA II imaging spectrometer was conducted at the US Department of Energy’s Idaho National Laboratory (INL) UAV Research Park. The purpose of the experiment was to validate the radiometric calibration of the spectrometer and determine the georegistration accuracy achievable from the on-board global positioning system (GPS) and inertial navigation sensors (INS) under operational conditions. In order for low-cost hyperspectral systems to compete with larger systems flown on manned aircraft, they must be able to collect data suitable for quantitative scientific analysis. The …
Dust Supply Varies With Sagebrush Microsites And Time Since Burning In Experimental Erosion Events, Joel B. Sankey, Matthew J. Germino, Nancy F. Glenn
Dust Supply Varies With Sagebrush Microsites And Time Since Burning In Experimental Erosion Events, Joel B. Sankey, Matthew J. Germino, Nancy F. Glenn
Nancy Glenn
[1] Wind erosion and large dust plumes are an increasingly important attribute in cold-desert rangelands, particularly as wildfire increases. Fire reduces vegetation, which increases erosivity. Whether sediment supply increases after fire has not been determined in this environment. We asked how sediment supply varied among sites burned 2-months to 5-years previously, in comparison to unburned sagebrush steppe, across 500 km of southern Idaho, USA. We measured potential dust emissions (PM10, particles <10μm diameter) in response to step changes in friction velocity (u*), with a field-based wind tunnel analog (PI-SWERL, Portable In Situ Wind Erosion Laboratory). We evaluated how emissions, sediment supply, and a proxy of erodibility varied among the microsite soil patterning in these sites (shrub islands and interspaces). Emissions were three orders of magnitude greater on burned compared to unburned surfaces, especially where shrubs had existed and sites burned more recently. Greater emission rates were due to greater sediment supply, whereas the proxy of erodibility did not vary among the surfaces for dry conditions that prevail during large wind erosion events (near −150 MPa at the surface). Wetter surface conditions, similar to those after precipitation or snowmelt, resulted in less dust emission on a recently burned site. Dust supply increases in initial postfire years especially on microsites that previously had shrubs. Abundance of shrubs is responsive to management practices that affect prefire vegetation, and grazing-induced increases in shrubs might, for example, render a site more vulnerable to dust emissions following fire.
Searching For Pre-Lan Na Cities In The Golden Triangle Area, Thailand And Laos, Spencer H. Wood
Searching For Pre-Lan Na Cities In The Golden Triangle Area, Thailand And Laos, Spencer H. Wood
Spencer H. Wood
No abstract provided.
A Comparison Of Two Open Source Lidar Surface Classification Algorithms, Wade T. Tinkham, Hongyu Huang, Alistair M.S. Smith, Rupesh Shrestha, Michael J. Falkowski, Andrew T. Hudak, Timothy E. Link, Nancy F. Glenn, Danny G. Marks
A Comparison Of Two Open Source Lidar Surface Classification Algorithms, Wade T. Tinkham, Hongyu Huang, Alistair M.S. Smith, Rupesh Shrestha, Michael J. Falkowski, Andrew T. Hudak, Timothy E. Link, Nancy F. Glenn, Danny G. Marks
Nancy Glenn
With the progression of LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) towards a mainstream resource management tool, it has become necessary to understand how best to process and analyze the data. While most ground surface identification algorithms remain proprietary and have high purchase costs; a few are openly available, free to use, and are supported by published results. Two of the latter are the multiscale curvature classification and the Boise Center Aerospace Laboratory LiDAR (BCAL) algorithms. This study investigated the accuracy of these two algorithms (and a combination of the two) to create a digital terrain model from a raw LiDAR point …
Reproducibility Of Soil Moisture Ensembles When Representing Soil Parameter Uncertainty Using A Latin Hypercube–Based Approach With Correlation Control, Alejandro N. Flores, Dara Entekhabi, Rafael L. Bras
Reproducibility Of Soil Moisture Ensembles When Representing Soil Parameter Uncertainty Using A Latin Hypercube–Based Approach With Correlation Control, Alejandro N. Flores, Dara Entekhabi, Rafael L. Bras
Alejandro N. Flores
Representation of model input uncertainty is critical in ensemble-based data assimilation. Monte Carlo sampling of model inputs produces uncertainty in the hydrologic state through the model dynamics. Small Monte Carlo ensemble sizes are desirable because of model complexity and dimensionality but potentially lead to sampling errors and correspondingly poor representation of probabilistic structure of the hydrologic state. We compare two techniques to sample soil hydraulic and thermal properties (SHTPs): (1) Latin Hypercube (LH) based sampling with correlation control and (2) random sampling from SHTP marginal distributions. A hydrology model is used to project SHTP uncertainty onto the soil moisture state …
Channel-Reach Morphology Dependence On Energy, Scale, And Hydroclimatic Processes With Implications For Prediction Using Geospatial Data, Alejandro N. Flores, Brian P. Bledsoe, Christopher O. Cuhaciyan, Ellen E. Wohl
Channel-Reach Morphology Dependence On Energy, Scale, And Hydroclimatic Processes With Implications For Prediction Using Geospatial Data, Alejandro N. Flores, Brian P. Bledsoe, Christopher O. Cuhaciyan, Ellen E. Wohl
Alejandro N. Flores
Channel types found in mountain drainages occupy characteristic but intergrading ranges of bed slope that reflect a dynamic balance between erosive energy and channel boundary resistance. Using a classification and regression tree (CART) modeling approach, we demonstrate that drainage area scaling of channel slopes provides better discrimination of these forms than slope alone among supply- and capacity-limited sites. Analysis of 270 stream reaches in the western United States exhibiting four common mountain channel types reveals that these types exist within relatively discrete ranges of an index of specific stream power. We also demonstrate associations among regional interannual precipitation variability, discharge …
Landslide Surveillance: New Tools For An Old Problem, J. Chadwick, G. Thackray, S. Dorsch, N. Glenn
Landslide Surveillance: New Tools For An Old Problem, J. Chadwick, G. Thackray, S. Dorsch, N. Glenn
Nancy Glenn
Landslides are one of the most widespread geological hazards on Earth, responsible for hundreds of deaths and billions of dollars in property damage per year. Landslides commonly occur with other natural disasters (e.g., earthquakes, floods) and leave the landscape prone to sedimentation, erosion, and further mass wasting.
Areal Distribution, Thickness, Mass, Volume, And Grain Size Of Air-Fall Ash From The Six Major Eruptions Of 1980, Andrei M. Sarna-Wojcicki, Susan Shipley, Richard B. Waitt Jr., Daniel Dzurisin, Spencer H. Wood
Areal Distribution, Thickness, Mass, Volume, And Grain Size Of Air-Fall Ash From The Six Major Eruptions Of 1980, Andrei M. Sarna-Wojcicki, Susan Shipley, Richard B. Waitt Jr., Daniel Dzurisin, Spencer H. Wood
Spencer H. Wood
The airborne-ash plume front from the Mount St. Helens eruption of May 18 advanced rapidly to the northeast at an average velocity of about 250 km/hr during the first 13 min after eruption. It then traveled to the east-northeast within a high-velocity wind layer at altitudes of 10-13 km at an average velocity of about 100 km/hr over the first 1,000 km. Beyond about 60 km, the thickest ash fall was east of the volcano in Washington, northern Idaho, and western Montana. A distal thickness maximum near Ritzville, Wash., is due to a combination of factors: (1) crude sorting within …
Holocene Stratigraphy And Chronology Of Mountain Meadows, Sierra Nevada, California, Spencer H. Wood
Holocene Stratigraphy And Chronology Of Mountain Meadows, Sierra Nevada, California, Spencer H. Wood
Spencer H. Wood
Valley-fill deposits, exposed by Twentieth-Century dissection of a number of meadows on the west slope of the southern Sierra Nevada, contain a stratigraphic record strongly affected by secular variations in watershed hydrology during the Holocene. Meadows are situated in low gradient reaches, adaquately supported by seep-age water, where fine textured materials accumulate under present hydrologic conditions• Meadows do not necessarily owe their origin to glacial modification of drainage. Many meadows have formed in both glaciated and unglaciated valleys by a water table rise in valley-fill deposits. Ground water in any meadow drainage basin is annually recharged by snowmelt. Significant evapotranspiration …