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Articles 1 - 16 of 16
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Sei+Ii Information Integration Through Events, Mary-Kate Beard-Tisdale
Sei+Ii Information Integration Through Events, Mary-Kate Beard-Tisdale
University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports
Many environmental observations are collected at different space and time scales that preclude easy integration of the data and hinder broader understanding of ecosystem dynamics. Ocean Observing Systems provide a specific example of multi-sensor systems observing several variables in different space - time regimes. This project integrates diverse space-time environmental sensor streams based on the conversion of their information content to a common higher-level abstraction: a space-time event data type. The space-time event data type normalizes across the diversity of observation level data to produce a common data type for exploration and analysis. Gulf of Maine Ocean Observing System (GOMOOS) …
Late 20th Century Hydrologic Change In Western North America: Regional Impacts And The Role Of Climate, Shaleen Jain
Late 20th Century Hydrologic Change In Western North America: Regional Impacts And The Role Of Climate, Shaleen Jain
University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports
Hydroclimatic variations and change directly impact the freshwater supplies in western North America. Streamflow in this region has shown increased variability of annual flow volumes and increasing synchroneity in the largest basins in the west towards the end of last century. As land-use change seems to play a lesser role, the PI will study the sensitivity of the western North American winter precipitation and related streamflow to El Nino-Southern Oscillation variations. The PI will use observations and multi-model ensemble integrations to study the decadal variations. The broader impact of this project will be an increase of the scientific knowledge required …
University Of Maine Integrated Forest Product Refinery (Ifpr) Technology Research, Hemant P. Pendse
University Of Maine Integrated Forest Product Refinery (Ifpr) Technology Research, Hemant P. Pendse
University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports
This project supported research on science and technology that forms a basis for integrated forest product refinery for co-production of chemicals, fuels and materials using existing forest products industry infrastructure. Clear systems view of an Integrated Forest Product Refinery (IFPR) allowed development of a compelling business case for a small scale technology demonstration in Old Town, ME for co-production of biofuels using cellulosic sugars along with pulp for the new' owners of the facility resulting in an active project on Integrated Bio-Refinery (IBR) at the Old Town Fuel & Fiber. Work on production of advanced materials from woody biomass has …
Determining Patterns Of Abrupt Climate Change During The Last Glacial-Interglacial Transition (Lgit) In The Southern Hemisphere, Marcus J. Vandergoes, Ann Dieffenbacher-Krall
Determining Patterns Of Abrupt Climate Change During The Last Glacial-Interglacial Transition (Lgit) In The Southern Hemisphere, Marcus J. Vandergoes, Ann Dieffenbacher-Krall
University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports
This proposal will fund the development of a continuous, isotopically-dated paleochironomid and pollen record of deglacial climate fluctuations from lake sediments located in climatically sensitive sites along the Southern Alps, New Zealand. Detailed investigations will be carried out for the Last Glacial-Interglacial Transition (LGIT) at Boundary Stream Tarn, Quagmire Tarn, and Kettlehole Bog to establish the sequence of deglacial climate events and to facilitate comparisons with other well-dated northern and southern records.
The primary scientific objectives of the project are to determine: 1) the pattern and magnitude of past climate change; 2) whether changes recorded show an in-phase or out-of-phase …
Collaborative Research: Centers For Ocean Science Education Excellence- Ocean In The Earth-Sun System, Lee Karp-Boss, Emmanuel S. Boss
Collaborative Research: Centers For Ocean Science Education Excellence- Ocean In The Earth-Sun System, Lee Karp-Boss, Emmanuel S. Boss
University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports
This award establishes a new Center for Ocean Science Education Excellence (COSEE) via awards to the Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences (0528706), the University of Maine (0528702), and the University of New Hampshire (0528686). The main goals of this thematic Center are to broaden understanding of the oceans in the context of the earth and solar systems and to help the COSEE network reach rural and inland audiences. The PIs will pioneer a system of interfaces, tools, and resources to reach underserved and underrepresented groups, and to bring ocean sciences to inland audiences by presenting it in the context of …
Collaborative Research: St. Elias Erosion/Tectonics Project (Steep), Peter O. Koons
Collaborative Research: St. Elias Erosion/Tectonics Project (Steep), Peter O. Koons
University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports
This is a multi-disciplinary study to address the evolution of the highest coastal mountain range on Earth - the St. Elias Mountains of southern Alaska and northwestern Canada. This orogen has developed over the past few million years as the Yakutat block, a continental-oceanic terrane, has attempted subduction beneath the eastern end of the Aleutian arc-trench system. The ~500 km-long, 150 km-wide St. Elias mountain range is the product of the dynamic balance between rapid uplift induced by crustal convergence and rapid exhumation by a regional system of large, fast-moving temperate glaciers. Most sediments are deposited either on a broad …
Monitoring Dynamic Spatial Fields Using Responsive Geosensor Networks, Michael Warboys, Silvia Nittel
Monitoring Dynamic Spatial Fields Using Responsive Geosensor Networks, Michael Warboys, Silvia Nittel
University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports
Many environmental phenomena (e.g., changes in global levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide) can be modeled as variations of attributes over regions of space and time, called dynamic spatial fields. The goal of this project is to provide efficient ways for sensor networks to monitor such fields, and to report significant changes in them. The focus is on "qualitative" changes, such as splitting of areas or emergence of holes in a region of study. The approach is to develop qualitative and topological methods to deal with changes. Qualitative properties form a small, discrete space, whereas quantitative values form a large, continuous …
Physical Properties Of The Us Itase Firn And Ice Cores From South Pole To Taylor Dome, Debra A. Meese, Ian Baker
Physical Properties Of The Us Itase Firn And Ice Cores From South Pole To Taylor Dome, Debra A. Meese, Ian Baker
University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports
This award supports a project for physical properties research on snow pits and firn/ice cores with specific objectives that include stratigraphic analysis including determination of accumulation rates, annual layers, depth hoar, ice and wind crusts and rates of grain growth with depth. Studies of firn densification rates and how these parameters relate to the meteorology and climatology over the last 200 years of snow accumulation in Antarctica will also be investigated. The project will also determine the seasonality of accumulation by co-registration of stratigraphy and chemistry and determination of chemical species at the grain boundaries, how these may change with …
Collaborative Research: Grounding-Line Retreat In The Southern Ross Sea - Constraints From Scott Glacier, Brenda L. Hall
Collaborative Research: Grounding-Line Retreat In The Southern Ross Sea - Constraints From Scott Glacier, Brenda L. Hall
University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports
This award supports a project to investigate late Pleistocene and Holocene changes in Scott Glacier, a key outlet glacier that flows directly into the Ross Sea just west of the present-day West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) grounding line. The overarching goals are to understand changes in WAIS configuration in the Ross Sea sector at and since the last glacial maximum (LGM) and to determine whether Holocene retreat observed in the Ross Embayment has ended or if it is still ongoing. To address these goals, moraine and drift sequences associated with Scott Glacier will be mapped and dated and ice thickness, …
U.S. Globec: Nwa Georges Bank - Processes Controlling Abundance Of Dominant Copepod Species On Georges Bank: Local Dynamics And Large-Scale Forcing, Jeffrey A. Runge
U.S. Globec: Nwa Georges Bank - Processes Controlling Abundance Of Dominant Copepod Species On Georges Bank: Local Dynamics And Large-Scale Forcing, Jeffrey A. Runge
University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports
A fundamental goal of Biological Oceanography is to understand how underlying biological-physical interactions determine abundance of marine organisms. For animal populations, it is well known that factors controlling survival during early life stages (i.e., recruitment) are strong determinants of adult population size, but understanding these processes has been difficult due to model and data limitations. Recent advances in numerical modeling, together with new 3D data sets, provide a unique opportunity to study the biological-physical processes controlling zooplankton population size. This project uses an existing state-of-the-art biological/physical numerical model (FVCOM) together with the recently processed large 3D data set from the …
Hec: Collaborative Research: Sam^2 Toolkit: Scalable And Adaptive Metadata Management For High-End Computing, Yifeng Zhu
Hec: Collaborative Research: Sam^2 Toolkit: Scalable And Adaptive Metadata Management For High-End Computing, Yifeng Zhu
University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports
The increasing demand for Exa-byte-scale storage capacity by high end computing applications requires a higher level of scalability and dependability than that provided by current file and storage systems. The proposal deals with file systems research for metadata management of scalable cluster-based parallel and distributed file storage systems in the HEC environment. It aims to develop a scalable and adaptive metadata management (SAM2) toolkit to extend features of and fully leverage the peak performance promised by state-of-the-art cluster-based parallel and distributed file storage systems used by the high performance computing community. There is a large body of research on data …
Collaborative Proposal: 2000+ Year Detailed, Calibrated Climate Reconstruction From A South Pole Ice Core Set In An Antarctic - Global Scale Context, Paul Andrew Mayewski Dr., Karl J. Kreutz, Andrei V. Kurbatov
Collaborative Proposal: 2000+ Year Detailed, Calibrated Climate Reconstruction From A South Pole Ice Core Set In An Antarctic - Global Scale Context, Paul Andrew Mayewski Dr., Karl J. Kreutz, Andrei V. Kurbatov
University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports
This award supports a project to examine an existing ice core of opportunity from South Pole (SPRESO core) to develop a 2000+ year long climate record. SPRESO ice core will be an annually dated, sub-annually-resolved reconstruction of past climate (atmospheric circulation, temperature, precipitation rate, and atmospheric chemistry) utilizing continuous, co-registered measurements (n=45) of: major ions, trace elements, and stable isotope series, plus selected sections for microparticle size and composition. The intellectual merit of this project relates to the fact that few 2000+ year records of this quality exist in Antarctica despite increasing scientific interest in this critical time period as …
U.S.-Globec: Nep Phase Iiib-Cgoa: A Synthesis Of Climate-Forced Variability On Mesoscale Structure In The Cgoa With Direct Comparisons To The Ccs, Andrew C. Thomas
U.S.-Globec: Nep Phase Iiib-Cgoa: A Synthesis Of Climate-Forced Variability On Mesoscale Structure In The Cgoa With Direct Comparisons To The Ccs, Andrew C. Thomas
University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports
A variety of extreme climate events occurred during the period of US GLOBEC monitoring and process studies in the NEP (1997-2004). These provide an unprecedented opportunity to examine a range of climate variability experienced by the coastal Gulf of Alaska (CGOA). By relating these climate events to regional physical and biological observations, using multiple and diverse data sources (GLOBEC observations, historical data sets and reanalyses, satellites, models), we can determine how these events affect mesoscale ocean variability in the CGOA and its related target populations (the primary goal of the NEP program). We can then directly compare these responses to …
Coupled Deformation And Metamorphism, Fabric Development, Rheological Evolution And Strain Localization, Scott E. Johnson
Coupled Deformation And Metamorphism, Fabric Development, Rheological Evolution And Strain Localization, Scott E. Johnson
University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports
When Earth's tectonic plates interact with one another the rocks that comprise them are deformed, commonly forming great mountain chains. During this deformation, the minerals that make up the rocks can become spatially or crystallographically aligned to form a fabric. The development of rock fabric is a primary factor affecting the strength, or rheological evolution of deforming rocks. Fabric development commonly involves coupling of both physical and chemical processes. For example, crenulation cleavage is the most common type of fabric in multiply deformed rocks, and its formation leads to extreme mineral segregation and rheological anisotropy. It is also commonly associated …
U.S.-Globec: Nwa Georges Bank: Effects Of Climate Variability On Calanus Dormancy Patterns And Population Dynamics In The Northwest Atlantic, Jeffrey A. Runge
U.S.-Globec: Nwa Georges Bank: Effects Of Climate Variability On Calanus Dormancy Patterns And Population Dynamics In The Northwest Atlantic, Jeffrey A. Runge
University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports
Calanoid copepods are key organisms throughout the world's oceans, consuming primary and secondary production at high rates, and serving as prey for invertebrates, larval and small pelagic fish, seabirds, and marine mammals. Many of the most abundant copepods in temperate and high latitudes, including Calanus finmarchicus in the Northwest Atlantic, can spend part of their life cycle in dormancy, a state of suppressed development. During dormancy, copepods escape unproductive surface waters and reside in deep water for several months, after which they emerge and migrate to the surface, usually prior to the spring bloom. The timing and abundance of copepods …
Collaborative Proposal: Cascadia Slope Circulation Study, Mary Jane Perry
Collaborative Proposal: Cascadia Slope Circulation Study, Mary Jane Perry
University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports
Intellectual Merits:
This project will continue to observe and understand the physics and biology of the highly productive northeast Pacific boundary current region over the continental slope off Washington and Oregon - the Cascadia slope - with an autonomous, sustained presence. For over a year, Seagliders, long-range autonomous underwater vehicles, have been deployed to survey the temperature, salinity, dissolved, oxygen, chlorophyll fluorescence, and optical backscatter structure of the slope off. Washington. Seagliders have collected data on sections from the continental shelf edge offshore 220 km at fortnightly intervals, reporting back data after each dive, on deployments typically lasting 4-5 months. …