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Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Study Of The Vaporization Enthalpies By Correlation-Gas Chromatography, Dmitry Lipkind Dec 2011

Study Of The Vaporization Enthalpies By Correlation-Gas Chromatography, Dmitry Lipkind

Dissertations

The focus of this thesis is on the measurement and collection of thermodynamic and physical property data, including vaporization, fusion, and sublimation enthalpies and vapor pressures of large n-alkanes, nitrogen heterocycles and related compounds by a technique developed in our laboratory referred to as correlation-gas chromatography (C-GC). These thermodynamic data are of importance to several disciplines that include chemical engineering, as well as the pharmaceutical and the petrochemical industries. Vapor pressures of large hydrocarbons are fundamental data required in the petroleum industry to develop thermodynamic models for dealing with crude oil. Environmental chemists and engineers use vapor pressures and vaporization …


Partial Connectivity In Wireless Sensor Networks, Robert Andre Murphy Dec 2011

Partial Connectivity In Wireless Sensor Networks, Robert Andre Murphy

Dissertations

Given a bounded region of the 2-dimensional plane, a discrete set of nodes is distributed throughout according to a Poisson point process. Given some fixed, finite, real number, two nodes are said to connect and form an edge if their mutual distance is less than this number. Let G be the graph of all such edges over the set of generated nodes and let C be any set of mutually connected nodes. It is shown that there is a critical mutual distance such that at least half of all generated nodes are mutually connected to form a connected cluster. Now, …


Geometric Structures On Matrix-Valued Subdivision Schemes, James J. Smith Nov 2011

Geometric Structures On Matrix-Valued Subdivision Schemes, James J. Smith

Dissertations

Surface subdivision schemes are used in computer graphics to generate visually smooth surfaces of arbitrary topology. Applications in computer graphics utilize surface normals and curvature. In this paper, formulas are obtained for the first and second partial derivatives of limit surfaces formed using 1-ring subdivision schemes that have 2 by 2 matrix-valued masks. Consequently, surface normals, and Gaussian and mean curvatures can be derived. Both quadrilateral and triangular schemes are considered and for each scheme both interpolatory and approximating schemes are examined. In each case, we look at both extraordinary and regular vertices. Every 3-D vertex of the refinement polyhedrons …


Rational Ligand Design For Potential Applications In Transition Metal Catalysis, Sergey L. Sedinkin Oct 2011

Rational Ligand Design For Potential Applications In Transition Metal Catalysis, Sergey L. Sedinkin

Dissertations

Strategies to influence the steric and electronic properties of three classes of ligands were investigated. First, a compound class known as amino-dithiaphospholanes was studied. It is structurally related to phosphoramidites, which have been successfully applied in catalysis. The synthesis of amino-dithiaphospholanes was envisaged as an approach to electronically tuned phosphoramidites. General access to a variety of structurally modified amino-dithiaphospholanes from commercially available starting materials was developed. The electron donating properties of the new ligands were characterized by NMR. They were found to be more electron-donating than the corresponding phosphoramidites. The coordination chemistry of amino-dithiaphospholanes was investigated by synthesis of a …


Synthesis Of (±)-Cyclophostin, (±)-Cyclipostin P, Their Phosphonate Analogs And New Chemistry Of Vinyl Phosphonates, Raj Kumar Malla Aug 2011

Synthesis Of (±)-Cyclophostin, (±)-Cyclipostin P, Their Phosphonate Analogs And New Chemistry Of Vinyl Phosphonates, Raj Kumar Malla

Dissertations

This work is divided into 2 parts: a) total synthesis of (±)-cyclophostin, (±)-cyclipostin P and their monocyclic analogs b) development of a metathesis based methodology for transformation of vinyl phosphonates. Cyclophostin (1) and cyclipostins (2) are bioactive natural bicyclic organophosphates. Cyclophostin is a powerful inhibitor of acetyl cholinesterase (AChE), whereas members of the cyclipostins are potent inhibitors of hormone sensitive lipase (HSL). Cyclophostin (1) and cyclipostin (2) have the same structural core unit, but different phosphate ester substituents. While cyclophostin is a methyl ester, the members of the cyclipostins are phosphate esters of different alkyl groups of various length and …


The Role Of Amyloid-Beta Assembly State In Monocyte Maturation And Smooth Muscle Cell Degeneration, Nikkilina Renee Crouse Jul 2011

The Role Of Amyloid-Beta Assembly State In Monocyte Maturation And Smooth Muscle Cell Degeneration, Nikkilina Renee Crouse

Dissertations

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a progressive, neurodegenerative disorder which is ranked as a leading cause of death among Americans. AD is characterized by the presence of intracellular neurofibrillary tangles and extracellular plaques made of amyloid ß (Aß). Together these pathologies lead to severe memory impairment in patients, but research has implicated the presence of the Aß deposits as likely causes for AD progression. Aß is produced through the proteolytic cleavage of the integral membrane amyloid precursor protein, which occurs through the action of beta- and gamma-secretases and produces 39-43 amino acid Aß peptides. In AD, the Aß plaques are comprised …


Development Of New Strategies For Expeditious Oligosaccharide Synthesis, Sophon Kaeothip Jun 2011

Development Of New Strategies For Expeditious Oligosaccharide Synthesis, Sophon Kaeothip

Dissertations

The important role that carbohydrates play in biology and medicine has been the major incentive for devising new methods for chemical and enzymatic glycosylation. The chemical approach to oligosaccharides involves multiple synthetic steps and the development of new strategies that allow for streamlining the synthesis of these complex biomolecules is a significant area of research. The aim of this doctoral dissertation is to develop new reagents and efficient methodologies for oligosaccharide synthesis. It was found that siver(I) tetrafluoroborate can be used as a powerful activator of various glycosyl donors for oligosaccharide synthesis. This study evolved into the development of a …