Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

The Investigation Of The Molecular Mechanism Of Rhodopsin Activation By Small Angle Neutron Scattering And Small Angle X-Ray Scattering Techniques, Kurt William Van Delinder

Wayne State University Theses

Rhodopsin is a visual pigment found within the rod photoreceptor cells of the retina. It is a visual protein found within human beings and commonly shared amongst other vertebrate species. The major pigment protein is responsible for converting photons into chemical signals, which stimulates biological processes in the nervous system, and this allows the ability to then sense light [4]. The process of how rhodopsin is activated is believed to be understood with the introduction of a time ordered sequence of intermediate states. However, there are still major gaps and inconsistencies regarding the large-scale conformational changes that follow photoactivation. The …

Search For Contact Interactions Using The Dimuon Mass Spectrum In P-P Collisions At Sqrt(S) = 8 Tev At Cms, Chamath Kottachchi

Wayne State University Dissertations

The mass hierarchy problem associated with the standard model suggests that there might be more fundamental particles in nature. If quarks and leptons have substructures, known as preons, the manifestation of compositeness can be a four-fermion contact interaction. The experimental signal for contact interactions is a non-resonant enhancement of the number of events in the high-mass region of the dimuon mass spectrum. This dissertation describes a detailed search strategy for contact interactions using the Compact Muon Solenoid experiment. The dimuon mass spectrum above 300 GeV has been studied using the data collected in 2012 at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV corresponding …

Collective Flow And Azimuthally Differential Pion Femtoscopy With The Alice Experiment At The Lhc, Vera Reneee Loggins

Wayne State University Dissertations

Since 2009, the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at European Organization

for Nuclear Research (CERN) has been conducting experiments in $pp$,

Pb-Pb, as well as $p$-Pb collisions with the center of mass energy

ranging $\sqrt{{s}_{NN}}=0.9-5.05$~TeV. In this thesis, both,

estimates of background correlations in anisotropic flow, $v_1-v_5$,

measurements

in Pb-Pb collisions at

$\sqrt{{s}_{NN}}=2.76$~TeV, and azimuthally differential pion femtoscopy

of Pb-Pb collisions are reported.

Two particle azimuthal correlations are statistically the most precise

method of measuring anisotropic flow. The main drawback of this method

is its sensitivity to the non-flow correlations, which unlike real

flow, do not have geometrical origin. Non-flow contribution …

Using Large-Angle Beamstrahlung To Detect And Diagnose Colliding Beams For Luminosity Optimization, Hussein Farhat

Wayne State University Dissertations

The large-angle-beamstrahlung is a very effective technique that can be used to monitor two crossing beams. Monitoring the beam helps in analyzing and studying the beams profiles, allowing beams adjustments, and eventually leading to a perfect beams collision. The perfect beam collision results in a higher luminosity; as a result, a high particles production rate and new physics can be discovered.

Correlation Effects In Nanoparticle Composites: Percolation, Packing And Tunneling, Rupam Mukherjee

Wayne State University Dissertations

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Determination Of Jet Transport Parameters And Their Temperature Dependence In Heavy-Ion Collisions, Karen Marie Burke

Wayne State University Theses

In the continuing effort to describe properties of the quark-gluon plasma, energy loss is studied through leading order higher twist calculations of high transverse momentum single hadron suppression. Input of several values for the jet transport parameter q ̂ were used at pT ranges of ~5-20 GeV at RHIC and ~10-100 GeV at LHC, with collision centrality of 0-5%. The results of the calculations are then compiled and compared with experimental data to determine the best fit value for q ̂.

Novel Nanocomposite Material For Supercapacitor Applications, Wissam Fawaz

Wayne State University Theses

With the rapid development of electric-based transportation and introduction of various hybrids, plug-in and full electric vehicles, there is an urgent need to develop a high power energy storage system to complement the high energy density batteries, to extend the range and life of HEVs and EVs. In this work, we have developed and optimized a unique composite material that can serve as electrode materials for high power supercapacitor for various applications. The material is prepared form high surface area graphene-like carbon made from exfoliated graphite flakes through thermal shock process. The expanded graphite then is mixed with functionalized stacked …

Nanostrucured Lithium Iron Phosphate As Cathode Material For Lithium Ion-Batteries, Khadije Bazzi

Wayne State University Dissertations

Lithium-ion batteries are the power source of choice for portable electronics, power tools and electric-based transportation. This outstanding commercial success has spawned great international interest in applying this technology to systems that demand higher power, such as the electric component of hybrid, extended range, and electric vehicles. This would require new electrode materials that are less expensive, more energetic, and more environmentally friendly than the present ones. Of particular interest is the olivine-structured LiFePO4 cathode developed by Goodenough and co-workers, which offers several appealing features, such as a high, flat voltage profile and relatively high theoretical specific capacity (170 mAhg−1), …

Large-Angle Beamstrahlung: Simulation And Diagnostics, Ryan Stephen Gillard

Wayne State University Dissertations

LARGE-ANGLE BEAMSTRAHLUNG: SIMULATION AND DIAGNOSTICS

by

RYAN S. GILLARD

May 2014

Advisor: Dr. Giovanni Bonvicini

Major: Physics

Degree: Doctor of Philosophy

Luminosity is paramount in high energy physics research, therefore it is critical to optimize it. Particle beams are complex and orbit in a complicated fashion therefore they don't always collide as intended thus reducing our chance of discovery. Simulations and calculations of the beam-beam radiation or beamstrahlung can provide crucial insight into the collision geometry. Combined with an optics box that can collect and analyze this radiation, this could be an extremely valuable tool leading to correction of the …

Multiparticle Correlations In Pb--Pb Collisions At \Snn=2.76 Tev, Jocelyn Mlynarz

Wayne State University Dissertations

Quantum Chromodynamics, which describe the interactions of quarks and gluons, have been found not to violate global parity symmetry. However, the possibility

of local parity violations due to transitions in the vacuum state of QCD is not excluded. The effects of these parity violations could be measured in the

hot and dense medium created in the ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions experiment conducted at the Large Hadron Collider, called a Quark-Gluon Plasma, in which

the quarks that compose most of ordinary matter are deconfined. In the strong magnetic fields which permeate the QGP in non-central collisions, parity violation

would express itself …

Weak Decay Studies From An Effective Theory Standpoint, Aditya Yechan Gunja

Wayne State University Dissertations

In this doctoral dissertation I discuss the phenomenology of some weak interaction decays using a model independent approach by employing effective field theories. I discuss the soft photon contribution and background effect to the rare dimuonic decay of the neutral B meson. I also study some radiative exclusive W boson decays in the standard model in the context of pQCD and SCET. Additionally I invoke leptonic decays of charged mesons to constrain two general models of light dark matter.

Measurement Of Branching Fractions Of Rare Semi-Leptonic Ds Decays Ds → Π0 L Ν, Ds →Ρ L Ν, Ds →Ks L Ν (Near ϒ (4s), ϒ (5s)) At Belle, Sudeshna Ganguly

Wayne State University Dissertations

In Particle physics, a flavor-less meson whose constituents are a quark and an anti-quark is known as quarkonium. Mesons which are formed by a bound state of charm quark and anti-charm quark are known as charmonium states. Different inspections of exotic charmonium states have been understood as 4-quark states. Charmonium states are produced via e+e− annihilation. We search at Belle, based on 119000 tagged events in the ϒ (4S) and ϒ (5S) energy regions, to look for Ds → π0 l ν, Ds →ρ l ν, Ds →Ks l ν ; considering the electron candidates as well the heavy electron …