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Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Effect Of Carbon Hybridization In C—F Bond As An Electron Donor In Triel Bonds, Qingqing Yang, Zongqing Chi, Qingzhong Li, Steve Scheiner
Effect Of Carbon Hybridization In C—F Bond As An Electron Donor In Triel Bonds, Qingqing Yang, Zongqing Chi, Qingzhong Li, Steve Scheiner
Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications
The ability of the F atom of HC≡CF, H2C=CHF and H3CCH2F to serve as an electron donor to the triel (Tr) atom of TrR3 in the context of a triel bond is assessed by ab initio calculations. The triel bond formed by Csp3—F is strongest, as high as 30 kcal/mol, followed by Csp2—F, and then by Csp—F whose triel bonds can be as small as 1 kcal/mol. The noncovalent bond strength diminishes in the order Tr = Al > Ga > B, consistent with the intensity of the π-hole …
Analysis Of Carbon And Nitrogen Stable Isotope Levels In Side-Blotched Lizards ( Uta Stansburiana ) Fed Varying Diets, Kati Mattinson
Analysis Of Carbon And Nitrogen Stable Isotope Levels In Side-Blotched Lizards ( Uta Stansburiana ) Fed Varying Diets, Kati Mattinson
Physics Capstone Projects
When attempting to determine the diet of wild animals, a limited number of techniques currently exist. Often, biologists look at the stomach contents or feces of an animal, if they cannot observe what it is eating directly. However, these techniques often cannot be used with reptiles because they may not eat often or may have an empty stomach when the contents of their stomach are examined. Many ecologists have begun to use stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen to determine what an animal has eaten. Stable isotopes are useful because unlike radioactive isotopes, stable isotopes do not decay and thus …
Shaping Carbon Nanotube Forests For Field Emission, Benjamin Pound
Shaping Carbon Nanotube Forests For Field Emission, Benjamin Pound
Student Showcase
Field emission is a phenomenon where electrons are extracted from a conducting material by an external electric field. This effect has been used for electron sources for many applications, from electron microscopes to flat-panel displays. One undesirable feature of field emitters is that they often require high turn-on voltages. One way to improve the field emission is to decrease the tip size. In previous works, single carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with nanometer tip sizes have been used as field emitters, and have achieved currents comparable or higher than commercial field emitters at relatively low operating voltages. However, the single CNT field …
Nanodielectric Properties Of High Conductivity Carbon-Loaded Polyimide Under Electron-Beam Irradiation, Amberly Evans, J. R. Dennison, Gregory Wilson, Justin Dekany
Nanodielectric Properties Of High Conductivity Carbon-Loaded Polyimide Under Electron-Beam Irradiation, Amberly Evans, J. R. Dennison, Gregory Wilson, Justin Dekany
Posters
Electron irradiation experiments were conducted to investigate the electron transport, charging, discharging, cathodoluminescence and emission properties of high-conductivity carbon-loaded polyimide (Black KaptonTM). We discuss how these results are related to the nanoscale structure of the composite material. Measurements were conducted in an ultrahigh vacuum electron emission test chamber from <40 K to 290 K, using a monoenergetic beam with energies ranging from 3 keV to 25 keV and flux densities from 0.1 nA/cm2 to 100 nA/cm2 to deposit electrons in the material surface layer. Various experiments measured transport and displacement currents to a rear grounded electrode, absolute electron emission yields, absolute electron-induced photon emission yields and photon emission spectra (~250 nm to 1700 nm), and arcing rates and location. Numerous …
The Density Factor In The Synthesis Of Carbon Nanotube Forest By Injection Chemical Vapor Deposition, Robert W. Call, C. Read, C Mart, T. C. Shen
The Density Factor In The Synthesis Of Carbon Nanotube Forest By Injection Chemical Vapor Deposition, Robert W. Call, C. Read, C Mart, T. C. Shen
Graduate Student Publications
Beneath the seeming straight-forwardness of growing carbon nanotube(CNT) forests by the injection chemical vapor deposition(CVD) method, control of the forest morphology on various substrates is yet to be achieved. Using ferrocene dissolved in xylene as the precursor, we demonstrate that the concentration of ferrocene and the injection rate of the precursor dictate the CNT density of these forests. However, CNT density will also be affected by the substrates and the growth temperature which determine the diffusion of the catalyst adatoms. The CNT growth rate is controlled by the temperature and chemical composition of the gases in the CVD reactor. We …
Secondary Electron Emission Study Of Annealed Graphitic Amorphous Carbon, Jodie Corbridge
Secondary Electron Emission Study Of Annealed Graphitic Amorphous Carbon, Jodie Corbridge
Senior Theses and Projects
In the 1880s a curious phenomena was observed: when a ray of light, no matter how weak, hit certain metals; electrons were emitted from the surface. Called the “photoelectric effect”, this puzzle was never explained until much later. In 1905, Albert Einstein put forth one possible explanation, which is currently accepted as correct. Einstein proposed that light propagated in discrete energy packets rather than as a continuous wave. While most scientists disbelieved Einstein theory, it was later proved in detail by Robert Milikan.1 Rays of light traveling in discrete packets hit metal surfaces, depositing energy. If the energy is high …
Decision Record And Finding Of No Significant Impact For The Atlantic Rim Coalbed Methane Project, Sun Dog Pod, Carbon County, Wyoming, United States Department Of The Interior, Bureau Of Land Management
Decision Record And Finding Of No Significant Impact For The Atlantic Rim Coalbed Methane Project, Sun Dog Pod, Carbon County, Wyoming, United States Department Of The Interior, Bureau Of Land Management
Record of Decisions (WY)
Petroleum Development Corporation (PEDCO) of Gillette, Wyoming, notified the Bureau of Land Management (BLM), Rawlins Field Office, that the company proposes to explore and potentially develop coalbed methane (CBM) wells in the Sun Dog Pod Project Area (SDPA) of the Atlantic Rim Project Area (ARPA) in southcentral Wyoming. The Sun Dog proposal is part of the exploration drilling activities that will be considered for the acquisition of data necessary to prepare the Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) within the ARPA. Coalbed methane development is very new in the Green River Basin. Public concern has been brought forth regarding the unknowns about …
Environmental Assessment For The Seminoe Road Coalbed Methane Pilot Project, Carbon County, Wyoming, United States Department Of The Interior, Bureau Of Land Management
Environmental Assessment For The Seminoe Road Coalbed Methane Pilot Project, Carbon County, Wyoming, United States Department Of The Interior, Bureau Of Land Management
Environmental Assessments (WY)
Analysis of the environmental consequences has led to the determination that this proposed project, with the appropriate mitigating measures, will not have a significant effect on the human environment. Therefore, an Environmental Impact Statement will not be required. Pending the results of a public review of this document, the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) will prepare a formal Decision Record.
Final Environmental Impact Statement South Baggs Area Natural Gas Development Project Carbon County, Wyoming, United States Department Of The Interior, Bureau Of The Land Management
Final Environmental Impact Statement South Baggs Area Natural Gas Development Project Carbon County, Wyoming, United States Department Of The Interior, Bureau Of The Land Management
Final Environmental Impact Statements (WY)
The FEIS contains corrected and new material which supplements the Draft Environmental Impact Statement (DEIS) issued May 14, 1999. The FEIS and the DEIS comprise the complete document. Please refer to the DEIS for more detailed analyses and descriptions of the proposed action and alternatives.
Final Carbon Basin Coal Project Environmental Impact Statement, United States Department Of The Interior, Bureau Of Land Management
Final Carbon Basin Coal Project Environmental Impact Statement, United States Department Of The Interior, Bureau Of Land Management
Final Environmental Impact Statements (WY)
The Draft and Final Environmental Impact Statements (DEIS and FEIS) assess the environmental consequences of a proposed coal lease sale and subsequent mine development and operation in the Carbon Basin, 11 miles southeast of Hanna, Wyoming. This abbreviated FEIS revises and supplements the DEIS for the Carbon Basin Coal project (DES-98-32) and addresses comments and concerns expressed during the public comment period for the DEIS. The DEIS was made available to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the public on August 7, 1998, and a Notice of Availability was published in the Federal Register on the same date. One …
Final Environmental Impact Statement Continental Divide/Wamsutter Ii Natural Gas Project, Sweetwater And Carbon Counties, Wyoming, United States Department Of The Interior, Bureau Of Land Management
Final Environmental Impact Statement Continental Divide/Wamsutter Ii Natural Gas Project, Sweetwater And Carbon Counties, Wyoming, United States Department Of The Interior, Bureau Of Land Management
Final Environmental Impact Statements (WY)
This Final Environmental Impact Statement (FEIS) assesses the environmental consequences of a proposed natural gas development project in eastern Sweetwater and southwestern Carbon Counties, Wyoming. This FEIS incorporates by reference most of the material presented in the Draft Environmental Impact Statement (DEIS) for the Continental Divide/Wamsutter II Natural Gas Project and is designed to be used with the DEIS.
Record Of Decision Carbon Basin Coal Project, United States Department Of Interior Bureau Of Land Management
Record Of Decision Carbon Basin Coal Project, United States Department Of Interior Bureau Of Land Management
Record of Decisions (WY)
The Final Environmental Impact Statement (FEIS) for the Carbon Basin Coal Project was released to the public on January 8, 1999. This document considered and evaluated the impacts of issuing the proposed Elk Mountain/Saddleback Hills competitive coal lease (WYW139975) under the provisions of 43 CFR 3425.1, as a lease by application (LBA). The area proposed for mining is a mixture of private, state, and federal surface and coal estates. If the applicant, Ark Land Company, is the successful bidder, they propose to mine surface and underground federal coal reserves along with their privately-owned coal to make an efficient and economical …
Decision Record For The Environmental Assessment For Coal Planning Decisions In The Carbon Basin Area Of The Great Divide Resource Area, United States Department Of The Interior, Bureau Of Land Management
Decision Record For The Environmental Assessment For Coal Planning Decisions In The Carbon Basin Area Of The Great Divide Resource Area, United States Department Of The Interior, Bureau Of Land Management
Record of Decisions (WY)
The Federal Coal Leasing Amendments Act of 1976 requires that Federal coal lands to be considered for leasing must be identified in a comprehensive land use plan. At the time the Great Divide Resource Management Plan (GDRA RMP, 1990) was prepared, approximately 60% of the Federal coal lands in the Carbon Basin Coal Area were leased and exempt from the coal screening/planning process. Subsequently, development of this lease was never pursued and the lease expired. In addition, the coal screening/planning process was not conducted on the remainder of the Federal coal lands in the Carbon Basin area during the RMP …
Environmental Assessment For Coal Planning Decisions In The Carbon Basin Area Of The Great Divide Resource Area, United States Department Of The Interior Bureau Of Land Management
Environmental Assessment For Coal Planning Decisions In The Carbon Basin Area Of The Great Divide Resource Area, United States Department Of The Interior Bureau Of Land Management
Environmental Assessments (WY)
In 1982, a federal coal lease was issued for approximately 60% of the federal coal lands located in the Carbon Basin. Because this lease was still in effect at the time the current BLM land use plan (the Great Divide Resource Area Resource Management Plan-RMP-1990) covering the Carbon Basin area was prepared, it was exempt from the coal screening/planning requirements. However, development of this lease was never pursued and the lease expired in 1992. Also at the time the Great Divide RMP was prepared, there was no other interest expressed by industry in obtaining federal coal leases in the area. …
Application Of (E,2e) Spectroscopy To The Electronic Structure Of Valence Electrons In Crystalline And Amorphous Solids, John R. Dennison, A. L. Ritter
Application Of (E,2e) Spectroscopy To The Electronic Structure Of Valence Electrons In Crystalline And Amorphous Solids, John R. Dennison, A. L. Ritter
All Physics Faculty Publications
This review presents theoretical and experimental aspects of (e,2e) spectroscopy specific to the study of crystalline and amorphous solids. The cross section for (e,2e) scattering is proportional to the spectral momentum density of the ejected electron under certain approximations. The theoretical framework for interpreting (e,2e) measurements is summarized here and general properties of the spectral momentum density of solids are discussed. Different designs of the (e,2e) spectrometer are described and sample preparation techniques are briefly reviewed. A summary of (e,2e) experiments on the electronic structure of valence electrons in graphite, ion sputtered and evaporated amorphous carbon, aluminum/aluminum oxide composites, amorphous …
Nature Of Carbon-Carbon Bonding In Evaporated And Ion-Sputtered (Diamondlike) Amorphous Carbon From (E, 2e) Spectroscopy, Chao Gao, Yun Yu Wang, A. L. Ritter, John R. Dennison
Nature Of Carbon-Carbon Bonding In Evaporated And Ion-Sputtered (Diamondlike) Amorphous Carbon From (E, 2e) Spectroscopy, Chao Gao, Yun Yu Wang, A. L. Ritter, John R. Dennison
All Physics Faculty Publications
The local carbon-carbon bonding in evaporated (e-C) and ion-sputtered (i-C) amorphous carbon has been investigated by transmission electron-energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) and by (e, 2e) spectroscopy. The EELS data indicate that the e-C is graphiclike and the i-C is diamondlike. The (e, 2e) data demonstrate that the concentration of sp2 bonding is ∼100% in both materials (0.85≤csp2≤1.0) for e-C and 0.75≤csp2≤1.0 for i-C). There is significant rehybridization of the π orbital in i-C.
Preliminary Geologic Map Of The Nephi 30' By 60' Quadrangle, Carbon, Emery, Juab, Sanpete, Utah, And Wasatch Counties, Utah, United States Geological Survey
Preliminary Geologic Map Of The Nephi 30' By 60' Quadrangle, Carbon, Emery, Juab, Sanpete, Utah, And Wasatch Counties, Utah, United States Geological Survey
All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)
The U.S. Geological Survey is engaged in a program of field studies designed to present the geologic framework of the United States on easily read topographic maps. The maps selected as a base for these geologic data are part of the Army Map Service (AMS) series of 1° by 2° quadrangles at a scale of 1:250,000. The Price, Utah AMS 1:250,000 quadrangle is one of these maps (fig.1). For certain areas, however, chiefly those sectors of the country involved in the Geological Survey's coal exploration program, the geologic data are being compiled on newly developed base maps at a scale …