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How Uncertainty In The Neutral Wind Limits The Accuracy Of Ionospheric Modeling And Forecasting, Michael David, Jan J. Sojka, Robert W. Schunk
How Uncertainty In The Neutral Wind Limits The Accuracy Of Ionospheric Modeling And Forecasting, Michael David, Jan J. Sojka, Robert W. Schunk
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One of the most important input fields for an ionospheric model is the horizontal neutral wind. The primary mechanism by which the neutral wind affects ionospheric densities is the inducement of an upward or downward ion drift along the magnetic field lines; this affects the rate at which ions are lost through recombination. The magnitude of this effect depends upon the dip angle of the magnetic field; for this reason, the impact of the neutral wind is somewhat less in polar regions than at mid-latitudes. It is unfortunate that observations of the neutral wind are relatively scarce, as compared for …
The Kretschmann Scalar, Charles G. Torre
The Kretschmann Scalar, Charles G. Torre
How to... in 10 minutes or less
On a pseudo-Riemannian manifold with metric g, the "Kretschmann scalar" is a quadratic scalar invariant of the Riemann R tensor of g, defined by contracting all indices with g. In this worksheet we show how to calculate the Kretschmann scalar from a metric.
Data From: How Uncertainty In The Neutral Wind Limits The Accuracy Of Ionospheric Modeling And Forecasting, Michael David, Jan Sojka, Robert W. Schunk
Data From: How Uncertainty In The Neutral Wind Limits The Accuracy Of Ionospheric Modeling And Forecasting, Michael David, Jan Sojka, Robert W. Schunk
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Output files from runs of the TDIM ionospheric model used for the figures and calculations in the article in JGR Space Physics.