Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

An Ontology Based Context-Aware Architecture For Smart Campus Applications, Nicolas R. Verstaevel, Guillaume Garzone, Thierry Monteil, Nawal Guermouche, Johan Barthelemy, Pascal Perez

SMART Infrastructure Facility - Papers

With an estimated number of more than 15 billion, objects, the management of architectures for the Internet of Things is a veritable challenge. The inherent mobility (in terms of devices and users) of the IoT means that the architecture has to be resilient to appearance and disappearance of devices. In this paper, we address the problem of autonomic management of IoT architecture by the means of ontologies. The problem we address is that given a dynamic system which is built upon a multitude of entities abstracted as services and characterized by their inputs and outputs, evolving targets that aim to …

Ambient Synthesis Of A Multifunctional 1d/2d Hierarchical Ag-Ag2s Nanowire/Nanosheet Heterostructure With Diverse Applications, Jinyan Xiong, Chao Han, Weijie Li, Qiao Sun, Jun Chen, Shulei Chou, Zhen Li, S X. Dou

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

A new type of unique 1D/2D hierarchical Ag-Ag2S heterostructures is fabricated by an extremely simple solution route under ambient conditions. The morphology, size, crystal structure and composition of the products were comprehensively investigated, and it was found that the reaction time and the amount of S powder play crucial roles in the formation of well-defined 1D/2D hierarchical Ag-Ag2S heterostructures. The diffusion and Ostwald ripening processes dominate the evolution of the heterostructure. The resultant 1D/2D Ag-Ag2S hybrids exhibit great potential in Li/Na ion battery anodes, SERS detection and decoloration towards organic dyes.

The Codes Of Matter And Their Applications, Xiaolin Wang

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

The elements in the periodic table are the building blocks used to form substances with different compositions. Nevertheless, it is the properties of substances that are decisive for their existence and practical applications. Searching for new class of materials with exotic properties has always been challenging because of the complexity of both the theoretical and the experimental approaches developed so far. Here, we propose that the three ubiquitous and paramount attributes of all existing matter charge (Q), spin (S) or rotational motion, and linear motion (K) can be used to account for the formation of different types of matter/materials and …

A Facile Approach For Fabrication Of Mechanically Strong Graphene/Polypyrrole Films With Large Areal Capacitance For Supercapacitor Applications, Yu Ge, Caiyun Wang, Kewei Shu, Chen Zhao, Xiaoteng Jia, Sanjeev Gambhir, Gordon G. Wallace

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Substantial progress has been made in free-standing flexible graphene-based films for flexible supercapacitors. However, there are limited reports on the areal capacitance of these electrodes, which is an important parameter for practical applications, especially in miniaturized electronic devices. Herein we report the facile fabrication of robust flexible graphene/polypyrrole nanoparticle films. PPy NPs act as the "spacer" between graphene layers creating hierarchical structures. This free-standing film shows excellent mechanical properties with a fracture strength of 16.89 MPa and Young's modulus of 11.77 MPa. The resulting film electrode delivers a large areal specific capacitance of 216 mF cm−2, which is higher or …

Carbon Fibre Microelectrodes For Neuroscience Applications, Jian Fang, Zhigang Xie, Gordon G. Wallace, Xungai Wang

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Microelectrodes have shown outstanding performance in neural signal recording, neural stimulation and electrochemical sensing1,2. Compared with their micro-sized counterparts, microelectrodes normally exhibit improved signal-to-noise ratio, fast response time and can work with limited sample volumes. Microelectrodes are required to have good biocompatibility, low electrical impedance and long-term stability in many biomedical applications. Carbon fibres are manufactured from polymeric precursor fibres through carbonization, and high carbon content makes carbon fibres electrically conductive, corrosion resistant, biologically safe and inert3. Therefore, carbon fibre has been considered as an ideal candidate for making microelectrodes.

In this work, single carbon fibres were loaded into capillary …

Vanadium-Based Nanostructure Materials For Secondary Lithium Battery Applications, Hui Teng Tan, Xianhong Rui, Wenping Sun, Qingyu Yan, Tuti M. Lim

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Vanadium-based materials, such as V2O5, LiV3O8, VO2(B) and Li3V2(PO4)3 are compounds that share the characteristic of intercalation chemistry. Their layered or open frameworks allow facile ion movement through the interspaces, making them promising cathodes for LIB applications. To bypass bottlenecks occurring in the electrochemical performances of vanadium-based cathodes that derive from their intrinsic low electrical conductivity and ion diffusion coefficients, nano-engineering strategies have been implemented to "create" newly emerging properties that are unattainable at the bulk solid level. Integrating this concept into vanadium-based cathodes represents a promising way to circumvent the aforementioned problems as nanostructuring offers potential improvements in electrochemical …

Applications Of Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy (Secm) For Local Characterization Of Az31 Surface During Corrosion In A Buffered Media, Sina S. Jamali, Simon E. Moulton, Dennis E. Tallman, Maria Forsyth, Jan Weber, Gordon G. Wallace

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Different modes of scanning electrochemical mapping (SECM) such as surface generation/tip collection (SG/TC), amperometry, AC-SECM and potentiometry were employed to characterize the active/passive domains, hydrogen gas (H2) evolution and local pH on a corroding surface of AZ31 in simulated biological fluid (SBF). It was found that the main domains of H2 evolution are associated with lower insulating properties of the surface as well as higher local pH. The near surface pH was found to be highly alkaline indicating that, even in a buffered solution such as SBF, the local pH on a corroding AZ31 surface can be significantly different to …

Cuo Single Crystal With Exposed {001} Facets-A Highly Efficient Material For Gas Sensing And Li-Ion Battery Applications, Dawei Su, Xiuqiang Xie, S X. Dou, Guoxiu Wang

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Single crystal copper oxide nanoplatelets with a high percentage of {001} facets were synthesized by a facile hydrothermal approach. The as-prepared materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and high resolution transmission microscopy. Via density functional theory calculations, it was found that the {001} facets are active crystal planes. When the single crystal CuO nanoplatelets were applied as an anode material in Li-ion batteries, they demonstrated outstanding electrochemical performance with high lithium storage capacity, satisfactory cyclability, and excellent high rate capacity. When used as a sensing material in gas sensors, they exhibited …

Fabrication Of Graphene Foam Supported Carbon Nanotube/Polyaniline Hybrids For High-Performance Supercapacitor Applications, Hongxia Yang, Nan Wang, Qun Xu, Zhimin Chen, Yumei Ren, Joselito M. Razal, Jun Chen

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

A large-scale, high-powered energy storage system is crucial for addressing the energy problem. The development of high-performance materials is a key issue in realizing the grid-scale applications of energy-storage devices. In this work, we describe a simple and scalable method for fabricating hybrids (graphenepyrrole/ carbon nanotube-polyaniline (GPCP)) using graphene foam as the supporting template. Graphene-pyrrole (G-Py) aerogels are prepared via a green hydrothermal route from two-dimensional materials such as graphene sheets, while a carbon nanotube/polyaniline (CNT/PANI) composite dispersion is obtained via the in situ polymerization method. The functional nanohybrid materials of GPCP can be assembled by simply dipping the prepared …

1-3 Piezoelectric Composites For High-Temperature Transducer Applications, Lili Li, Shujun Zhang, Zhuo Xu, Fei Wen, Xuecang Geng, Hyeong Jae Lee, Thomas R. Shrout

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

High-temperature Pb(Zr,Ti)O3/epoxy 1-3 composites were fabricated using the dice and fill method. The epoxy filler was modified with glass spheres in order to improve the thermal reliability of the composites at elevated temperatures. Temperature-dependent dielectric and electromechanical properties of the composites were measured after ageing at 250 °C with different dwelling times. Obvious cracks were observed and the electrodes were damaged in the composite with unmodified epoxy after 200 h, leading to the failure of the composite. In contrast, composites with >12 vol% glass sphere loaded epoxies were found to exhibit minimal electrical property variation after ageing for 500 h, …

Inkjet Printed Conductive Polymer-Based Beam-Splitters For Terahertz Applications, Benjamin S-Y Ung, Bo Weng, Roderick L. Shepherd, Derek Abbott, Christopher Fumeaux

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Terahertz beam-splitters are fabricated from conductive polymers inkjet printed onto an acetate film substrate. The principle is a significant evolution of the recently proposed ultra-thin beam-splitter realized using silver conductive paint. The splitting ratios of the beam-splitters are dependent on the thickness and conductivity of the conductive polymer layer, allowing for any splitting ratio to be achieved accurately from a controlled printing process. As the processing technology of conductive polymers matures, this approach will allow for low cost and accurate fabrication of THz beam-splitters with a predefined near frequency-independent splitting ratio, in contrast to the commonly used float zone silicon …

Multifunctional Conducting Polymer Fibres For Drug Delivery Applications, Dorna Esrafilzadeh, Simon E. Moulton, Joselito M. Razal, Elise M. Stewart, Gordon G. Wallace

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Advances in the fabrication of neuroprosthetic electrodes have attracted considerable interest from biomedical researchers. These electrodes are incorporated into a neuroprosthetic device capable of, electrically stimulating and recording of neuron activity. Critical to the successful application of these electrodes is their biocompatibility, stable conductivity, lower impedance and flexibility whilst maintaining appropriate mechanical properties [1] .

Carbon Nanotube-Reduced Graphene Oxide Composites For Thermal Energy Harvesting Applications, Mark S. Romano, Na Li, Dennis Antiohos, Joselito M. Razal, Andrew Nattestad, Stephen Beirne, Shaoli Fang, Yongsheng Chen, Rouhollah Jalili, Gordon G. Wallace, Ray Baughman, Jun Chen

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

By controlling the SWNT-rGO electrode composition and thickness to attain the appropriate porosity and tortuosity, the electroactive surface area is maximized while rapid diffusion of the electrolyte through the electrode is maintained. This leads to an increase in exchange current density between the electrode and electrolyte which results in enhanced thermocell performance.

Manganosite-Microwave Exfoliated Graphene Oxide Composites For Asymmetric Supercapacitor Device Applications, Dennis Antiohos, Kanlaya Pingmuang, Mark Romano, Stephen Beirne, Tony C. Romeo, Phil Aitchison, Andrew I. Minett, Gordon G. Wallace, Sukon Phanichphant, Jun Chen

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Graphene based materials coupled with transition metal oxides are promising electrode materials in asymmetric supercapacitors owing to their unique properties which include high surface area, good chemical stability, electrical conductivity, abundance, and lower cost profile over time. In this paper a composite material consisting of graphene oxide exfoliated with microwave radiation (mw rGO), and manganosite (MnO) is synthesised in order to explore their potential as an electrode material. The composite material was characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Raman spectroscopy. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were used to explore …

Review On Shear Thickening Fluids And Applications, Jie Ding, Phillip J. Tracey, Weihua Li, Gangrou Peng, Philip G. Whitten, Gordon G. Wallace

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Recently, research in the area of shear thickening fluids (STFs) has increased due to the potential for commercial application. They are considered possible candidate materials for liquid body armour and sporting protective clothing and other applications because of their unique properties. Here the state of the art of shear thickening mechanisms, ingredient materials, fabrication methods, rheological properties, and factors influencing shear thickening behaviour have been reviewed. Basic models used to describe shear thickening behavior are also discussed. Relevant patent applications, particularly in the area of body armour, as well as other industrial applications, such as smart structures, and devices with …

Applications Of Voltammetric Ion Selective Electrodes To Complex Matrices, Alexander R. Harris, Jie Zhang, Robert W. Cattrall, Alan M. Bond

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

The practical application of two different voltammetric ion selective electrodes (VISE) to measure ion activity in complex solutions has been explored. 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) and tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) microcrystals adhered to an electrode surface act as a low selectivity voltammetric ion sensor. Resistance drop effects and pH artifacts were minimised by the addition of an "innocent" supporting electrolyte (buffer) to the analyte solution. In this format, addition of an ionophore to improve selectivity resulted in a reduction in current magnitude, due to competition for the ion. In contrast, voltammetry of a thin film containing a redox active species, electrolyte, ionophore and membrane …

New Constructions Of Osbe Schemes And Their Applications In Oblivious Access Control, Jinguang Han, Willy Susilo, Yi Mu, Jun Yan

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

Oblivious signature-based envelope (OSBE) schemes have demonstrated their potential applications in the protection of users privacy and rights. In an OSBE protocol, an encrypted message can only be decrypted by the receiver who holds a valid signature on a public message, while the sender (encrypter) does not know whether the receiver has the signature or not. Our major contributions in this work lie in the following aspects. We improve the notion of OSBE so that a valid credential holder cannot share his/her credential with other users (i. e., all-or-nothing non-transferability). We clarify the relationship between one-round OSBE and identity-based encryption …

Boron-Nitrogen-Hydrogen (Bnh) Compounds: Recent Developments In Hydrogen Storage, Applications In Hydrogenation And Catalysis, And New Syntheses, Zhenguo Huang, Tom Autrey

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

The strong efforts devoted to the exploration of BNH compounds for hydrogen storage have led to impressive advances in the field of boron chemistry. This review summarizes progress in this field from three aspects. It starts with the most recent developments in using BNH compounds for hydrogen storage, covering NH₃BH₃, B₃H₈- containing compounds, and CBN compounds. The following section then highlights interesting applications of BNH compounds in hydrogenation and catalysis. The last part is focused on breakthroughs in the syntheses and discovery of new BNH organic analogues. The role of N-H^{δ+ …}

A Fourier Transform Infrared Trace Gas And Isotope Analyser For Atmospheric Applications, D W. T Griffith, N M. Deutscher, C Caldow, G Kettlewell, M Riggenbach, S Hammer

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

Concern in recent decades about human impacts on Earth's climate has led to the need for improved and expanded measurement capabilities of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. In this paper we describe in detail an in situ trace gas analyser based on Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy that is capable of simultaneous and continuous measurements of carbon dioxide (CO₂), methane (CH₄), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrous oxide (N₂O) and ¹³C in CO₂ in air with high precision. High accuracy is established by reference to measurements of standard reference gases. Stable water isotopes can …

Polypyrrole Coated Nylon Lycra Fabric As Stretchable Electrode For Supercapacitor Applications, Binbin Yue, Caiyun Wang, Xin Ding, Gordon G. Wallace

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Wearable electronics offer the combined advantages of both electronics and fabrics. Being an indispensable part of these electronics, lightweight, stretchable and wearable power sources are strongly demanded. Here we describe a daily-used nylon lycra fabric coated with polypyrrole as electrode for stretchable supercapacitors. Polypyrrole was synthesized on the fabric via a simple chemical polymerization process with ammonium persulfate (APS) as an oxidant and naphthalene-2,6-disulfonic acid disodium salt (Na₂NDS) as a dopant. This material was characterized with FESEM, FTIR, tensile stress, and studied as a supercapacitor electrode in 1.0 M NaCl. This conductive textile could endure 1000 stretching cycles …

Ferroelectric And Ferromagnetic Nanofibers: Synthesis, Properties And Applications, A Jalalian, A M. Grishin, S X. Dou

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

As first time, ferroelectric (Ba_0.85Ca_0.15)(Ti_0.9Zr_0.1)O₃ (BCTZ), biocompatible (Na_0.5K_0.5)NbO₃ (NKN), and ferromagnetic Y3Fe5O12 (YIG) nanofibers were synthesized by sol-gel assisted electrospining technique. Non-woven, bead-free 100 μm long fiber mat was formed from close-packed nanocrystals after calcination in air at 800°C (BCTZ and NKN) and 1100°C (YIG). BCTZ fibers are 200 nm in width whereas NKN and YIG fibers have smaller 50-100 nm diameter. X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy show that BCTZ and NKN crystallized in tetragonal and rhombohedral polar phases in the vicinity of morphotropic phase boundary. …

Magnetic Properties And Microstructures Of Iron Oxide@Mesoporous Silica Core-Shell Composite For Applications In Magnetic Dye Separation, Weichang Hao, Yang Xi, Jingwei Hu, Tianmin Wang, Yi Du, X L. Wang

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

"In this report, hollow mesoporous silica (HMS) and iron oxide-hollow mesoporous silica (FexOy@HMS) core-shell composite were prepared by a one-step facile fabrication method. Transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, N-2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, and vibrating sample magnetometer were used to characterize the morphology, microstructure, and magnetic properties of the HMS and core-shell composite. The magnetic separability of FexOy@HMS core-shell composite was tested in Rhodamine B (Rh. B) dye solution. The results indicate that the core-shell composite can absorb Rh. B dyes molecules effectively up to 90.1%. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3670049]"

Understanding The Conducting States Of Active And Passive Switches In An Inverter Circuit Used For Power System Applications, Danny Sutanto, B.P. Divakar, K.W.E. Cheng

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

Bi-directional inverter circuits are commonly used in many applications in power systems, such as in FACTS devices, energy storage systems and active power filters. Many power engineering students however find it difficult to understand the conducting states of the active switches (transistors, IGBTs) and the passive switches (the antiparallel diodes connected across the active switches). It seems a mystery to them that power can flow from a lower voltage ac system to a higher voltage dc system to charge the energy storage system. This paper proposes a simple chart that intuitively explains how to determine the states (either conducting or …

Dye-Sensitized Cualo2 Photocathodes For Tandem Solar Cell Applications, Andrew Nattestad, Xiaoli Zhang, Udo Bach, Yi-Bing Cheng

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) using the p-type semiconductor CuAlO2, in conjunction with a highly effective hole injecting dye and an iodide-triiodide-based electrolyte have been produced, demonstrating photocathodic behavior. An improved open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 333 mV was observed, compared to analogous devices using NiO, which can be explained by the CuAlO2 valence-band energy, which is lower on the vacuum scale than that of NiO. Incident photon-to-charge-carrier efficiency response confirms that the observed photocurrent is generated by the dye.

Rfid Deployment And Use In The Dairy Value Chain: Applications, Current Issues And Future Research Directions, S. F. Wamba, Alison Wicks

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

RFID technology is currently considered as a key enabler of supply chain transformation. However, very little has been written about the deployment and use of RFID in the dairy industry. Drawing on an extensive literature review and a case example, this exploratory study seeks to present current applications and issues related to RFID’s adoption in the dairy industry and discuss future research directions.

Proof-Of-Knowledge Of Representation Of Committed Value And Its Applications, Willy Susilo, Yi Mu, Man Ho Allen Au

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

We present a zero-knowledge argument system of representation of a committed value. Specifically, for commitments C = Commit1(y), D = Commit₂(x), of value y and a tuple x = (x₁, . . . , x_L), respectively, our argument system allows one to demonstrate the knowledge of (x, y) such that x is a representation of y to bases h₁, . . . , h_L. That is, y = h^x1₁ · · · h^xL_L . Our argument system is zero-knowledge and hence, it does not reveal anything …

Advanced Microwave-Assisted Production Of Hybrid Electrodes For Energy Applications, Peter Sherrell, Jun Chen, Joselito M. Razal, Ivan P. Nevirkovets, Carol Crean, Andrew I. Minett, Gordon G. Wallace

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

Carbon nanotubes are one of the most prominent materials in research for creating electrodes for portable electronics. When coupled with metallic nanoparticles the performance of carbon nanotube electrodes can be dramatically improved. Microwave reduction is an extremely rapid method for producing carbon nanotube-metallic nanoparticle composites, however this technique has so far been limitied to carbon nanotube soot. An understanding of the microwave process and the interactions of metallic nanoparticles with carbon nanotubes has allowed us to extend this promising functionalisation route to pre-formed CNT elelctrode architectures. Nanoparticle reduction onto pre-formed architectures reduces metallic nanoparticle waste as particles are not formed …

Synthesis And Applications Of Covalent Protein-Dna Conjugates, Patrick M. Schaeffer, Nicholas E. Dixon

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

Synthetic protein-DNA conjugates are valuable tools with applications in fields including nanobiotechnology, bioanalytical chemistry, and molecular diagnostics, and various synthetic methods for their production have been developed during the past three decades. The present article reviews current methodologies for the synthesis of covalent protein-DNA conjugates with particular focus on the regiospecificity and stoichiometry of these reactions.

Nano-Indentation Of Epoxy Hydro Gels For Soft Tissue Applications, Nandula D. Wanasekara, V. K. Vadlamani, Animesh Agrawal, Vijaya B. Chalivendra, Paul D. Calvert

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Nano-indentation characterization studies on epoxy hydro gels used for soft tissue applications are conducted using atomic force microscope (AFM). Two kinds of hydro gels: (a) plain epoxy hydro gels, and (b) epoxy hydro gels reinforced with three-dimensional polyurethane fiber pattern are considered in this study. The three-dimensional fiber pattern is generated using rapid robo-casting technique. Again these two hydro gel types are tested under five different conditions: (a) dry gel, (b) saturated with certain percentage of water, (c) saturated with 100% water, (d) 100% partially immersed in water, and (e) 100% fully immersed in water. Preliminary results obtained on plain …

A Wireless Sensor Node Architecture Using Remote Power Charging, For Interaction Applications, Matthew D'Souza, Konstanty Bialkowski, Adam Postula, Montserrat B. Ros

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

The wireless sensor node architecture proposed inthis paper is optimized for use in a wireless interactivepoint, listen and see system. In particular, we focus ondeveloping a wireless sensor node that can beremotely charged by harvesting microwave energy.The current system implementation allows a user toaccess information from a remote sensor via theirmobile computing device. These sensors are limited incomplexity due to the limited power available, and arecumbersome since manual intervention is required toreplace its batteries. We propose a system wherebattery powered wireless sensor nodes can berecharged by harvesting energy from a microwaveRadio Frequency (RF) signal source. The remotepower charging module of …