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Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Crop Diversifi Cation Leads To Diverse Bird Problems In Hawaiian Agriculture, Marni E. Koopman, William C. Pitt Jan 2007

Crop Diversifi Cation Leads To Diverse Bird Problems In Hawaiian Agriculture, Marni E. Koopman, William C. Pitt

Human–Wildlife Interactions

Over the last 20 years, Hawaii’s agriculture has shifted from a focus on sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum) and pineapples (Ananas comosus) produced on large farms to a diverse array of products produced on a multitude of smaller farms. This dramatic shift in production, in addition to the introduction of many new avian species, has resulted in a concomitant change in the problems faced by agriculture. We surveyed farmers to determine the extent of bird damage to crops, the species responsible, the crops most v …


High Speed Flight At Low Altitude: Hazard To Commercial Aviation ?, Paul F. Eschenfelder , Capt. Jul 2005

High Speed Flight At Low Altitude: Hazard To Commercial Aviation ?, Paul F. Eschenfelder , Capt.

2005 Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada 7th Annual Meeting, Vancouver, BC

Commercial aircraft are capable of, and in fact, do, operate at high speed (>250 knots indicated airspeed [KIAS]) at low altitude (below 10,000’ above ground level) worldwide. Design, construction and certification standards for these aircraft were developed over 40 years ago. Since the development of these standards populations of large flocking birds have increased dramatically in many parts of the world. Yet neither design/construction standards nor operational practice have changed to reflect the new threat. Subsequent serious damage resulting from recent collisions indicates change is necessary. Since 2003, flight rules in Canada and the United States have been amended, …


Damage Liability And Compensation In Case Of Bird Strike, Ante Matijaca Aug 2001

Damage Liability And Compensation In Case Of Bird Strike, Ante Matijaca

2001 Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada, Third Joint Annual Meeting, Calgary, AB

Most frequently, a bird strike cause damage to aircraft, and, in certain number of cases, a bird strike may have some considerably serious consequences (injuries and death of passengers, crew or third persons on a ground). In the circumstances of damage occurred, one side is entitled to demand a repair or a financial compensation, and the other side is obliged to realise the repair or the payment of the stated sum. The right to file a demand for repair or compensation depends on the result of determination of someone’s liability. In case of bird strike (either with Croatian or foreign …


The Impact Of Timber Management On The Phytochemicals Associated With Black Bear Damage, Dale L. Nolte, Bruce A. Kimball, Georg J. Ziegltrum Jan 1998

The Impact Of Timber Management On The Phytochemicals Associated With Black Bear Damage, Dale L. Nolte, Bruce A. Kimball, Georg J. Ziegltrum

Proceedings of the Eighteenth Vertebrate Pest Conference (1998)

Black bears forage on Douglas-fir vascular tissue in the spring, and this behavior can be severely detrimental to the health and economic value of a timber stand. Foraging is selective in that not all stands are damaged and, within a stand, one tree may be stripped while its neighbor is ignored or minimally sampled. A series of studies was conducted to assess whether bear selectivity is affected by chemical constituents within vascular tissue, and whether these constituents are affected by silvicultural practices. The results are interpreted to identify forest practices that may alleviate damage, or at least predict where damage …


Bird Abundance At Accomack County Southern Landfill, Melfa, Virginia, In Relation To Various Management Activities, Laura Francoeur, Martin Lowney Oct 1997

Bird Abundance At Accomack County Southern Landfill, Melfa, Virginia, In Relation To Various Management Activities, Laura Francoeur, Martin Lowney

Eighth Eastern Wildlife Damage Management Conference (1997)

Birds, especially gulls (Larus spp.), are attracted to landfills, and when landfills are close to airports, birds can pose a threat to aircraft safety. We conducted a 1-year ecological study to address concerns of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and Accomack County, Virginia, officials over potential wildlife hazards caused by the Accomack County Southern Landfill. During 48 surveys conducted from December 1995 to December 1996, we observed 112,693 birds at the landfill ( x =503). Nine species represented 97% of all observations. Bird numbers varied during the year, increasing during winter and declining during summer. Bird abundance appeared unaffected …


Wildlife-Caused Losses Of Agricultural Commodities In 1994 With Emphasis On The Great Plains, A.P. Wywialowski Feb 1997

Wildlife-Caused Losses Of Agricultural Commodities In 1994 With Emphasis On The Great Plains, A.P. Wywialowski

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings


The USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) surveyed 16,000 agricultural producers in January 1995. Of 10,144 respondents nationwide, 58% reported wildlife-caused losses of their commodities, an increase from 55% in 1989. Based on the median value of all producers' estimates of their losses, wildlife-caused losses cost producers approximately $591 million in 1994, $130 million more than in 1989. Losses presented are based on median producer estimates which have been shown to be consistent with field-measured estimates of damage. Because the dollar value of losses are based on median estimates, extremes of reported losses do not affect these results. If all …


Technical Publication Of Wildlife Damage Research, Michael W. Fall, William B. Jackson Feb 1997

Technical Publication Of Wildlife Damage Research, Michael W. Fall, William B. Jackson

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

The growth of the subdiscipline of wildlife damage research is producing a wealth of scientific information about methods of resolving conflicts between animals and people. Scientists working on these problems have, for many years, found difficulty in publishing the results of their applied research investigations in traditional scientific journal outlets, leading to a diverse information base that encompasses a variety of technical journals and a large “gray” literature in non-refereed publications. Although a number of current scientific journals welcome papers reporting the results of wildlife damage research, the identification of suitable primary outlets for such work, particularly for studies conducted …


Ripening Field Corn Lost To Wildlife In 1993, Alice P. Wywialowski Apr 1995

Ripening Field Corn Lost To Wildlife In 1993, Alice P. Wywialowski

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Ripening field corn lost to wildlife was measured in fall 1993 in 10 midwestern states that have produced 83% of the field corn in the United States over the past 10 years. Sampling of damage was stratified by producer expectation of likely wildlife damage or unlikely wildlife damage. Damage was assessed immediately before harvest. Two plots that measured 4.5 m x 2 rows were assessed in each selected field. Of assessed fields, wildlife damage was present in 340 of 1,259 (27.0%) likely damaged fields and 108 of 1,243 (8.7%) unlikely damaged fields. As a percentage of harvested production, birds (Aves) …


Livestock Herding Dogs: A Unique Application For Wildlife Damage Management, Roger A. Woodruff, Jeffrey S. Green Apr 1995

Livestock Herding Dogs: A Unique Application For Wildlife Damage Management, Roger A. Woodruff, Jeffrey S. Green

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Canada geese (Branta canadensis) and white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) have caused increasing problems for people both in urban and agricultural environments. In many instances, traditional methods of resolving conflicts caused by these species have proven ineffective or impractical. Some property owners and others have begun to use livestock herding dogs to haze geese and other wildlife from areas where they are not wanted. We report on the applications and effectiveness of this technique as employed on golf courses, farms, and other areas. The use of trained herding dogs appears to be a feasible and effective method …


Advancing Deer Repellent Performance: Fine-Tuning Hinder Applications And Potential Uses For Insecticidal Soaps, Michael J. Fargione, Milo E. Richmond Oct 1993

Advancing Deer Repellent Performance: Fine-Tuning Hinder Applications And Potential Uses For Insecticidal Soaps, Michael J. Fargione, Milo E. Richmond

Sixth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1993)

Deer feed on buds, shoots, leaves and fruit (Scott and Townsend 1985), and cause substantial economic losses for many apple producers (Purdy et al. 1987). A variety of mitigation techniques are used to control such damage including deer population reduction via hunting, exclusion fencing and scare devices. However, most commercial apple producers rely on home-made or commercial repellents to control deer damage (Purdy et al. 1987). Despite their popularity, repellents have often provided only limited or highly-variable control (Conover 1984, 1987, Hygnstrom and Craven 1988). There is considerable need to improve the performance of existing repellents, or to identify new …


Status And Management Of Vole Damage To Horticultural Plantings In North Carolina, Peter T. Bromley, William T. Sullivan Jr. Oct 1993

Status And Management Of Vole Damage To Horticultural Plantings In North Carolina, Peter T. Bromley, William T. Sullivan Jr.

Sixth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1993)

A trapping study in 1979 indicated that voles (Microtus pinetorum and M. pinetorum) were distributed widely in North Carolina. In 1991, Extension Agents with the North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service were surveyed to determine the distribution, nature and severity of vole damage to horticultural plantings, home orchards, and other plantings. Data from the statewide trapping survey and the poll of agents coincided to indicate that voles, particularly pine voles, caused damage from the mountains to the coast. Existing, legal control methods were judged grossly inadequate by agents. Pursuant to the surveys, the North Carolina Pesticide Board and the North Carolina …


Deer Damage In Tennessee: Landowner Perceptions And Attitudes, Michael M. King Oct 1993

Deer Damage In Tennessee: Landowner Perceptions And Attitudes, Michael M. King

Sixth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1993)

Survey results suggest that the most common perception among Tennessee landowners is that during the last five years the white-tailed deer population has increased. Over 43% of survey respondents indicated that they felt there are more deer now than five years ago. However, in spite of the general agreement that the deer population has increased, less than 20% of the respondents indicated that there was more damage now than five years ago. When asked about amount of damage they had experienced from deer during the last year, 67.3% answered that they had experienced no damage while 32.6% incurred some damage …


Frontmatter For Volume Of Proceedings Of The Thirteenth Vertebrate Pest Conference 1988, Mar 1988

Frontmatter For Volume Of Proceedings Of The Thirteenth Vertebrate Pest Conference 1988,

Proceedings of the Thirteenth Vertebrate Pest Conference (1988)

Frontmatter and Contents for the Thirteenth Vertebrate Pest Conference held at MONTEREY SHERATON HOTEL, Monterey, California, March 1,2 & 3, 1988.