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Articles 1 - 29 of 29
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
An Electrochemical Instrument For The Analysis Of Heavy Metals In Water Via Anodic Stripping Coulometry For Applications In Remote Sensing., Kelsey Lynn Kaht
An Electrochemical Instrument For The Analysis Of Heavy Metals In Water Via Anodic Stripping Coulometry For Applications In Remote Sensing., Kelsey Lynn Kaht
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
From the high levels of arsenic in groundwater in Bangladesh to the lead contamination of drinking water in Flint, Michigan, there are incidents across the globe that highlight the need for a reliable instrument capable of monitoring heavy metals remotely and continuously in a variety of geographical locations. Typical instrumentation for water analysis, such as ICP and AAS, must be housed in a central lab and relies on an operator traveling to the collection site, obtaining a sample, and transporting it back to the lab. This analysis provides a snapshot of the water quality that is limited to the specific …
Electrochemical Determination Of Surface Area-To-Volume Ratio For Metal Nanoparticle Analysis., Jay Narayan Sharma
Electrochemical Determination Of Surface Area-To-Volume Ratio For Metal Nanoparticle Analysis., Jay Narayan Sharma
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation describes an electrochemical approach for measuring the surface area-to-volume ratio (SA/V) of electrode-attached metal nanoparticles (NPs), which was used to analyze their size, aggregation state, and porosity. This dissertation further describes the effect of the metal NP electrode assembly method on the SA/V, which is related to metal NP catalytic activity and stability. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) in acid electrolyte followed by anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) in KBr electrolyte allows the electrochemical measurement of the SA/V of electrode-attached Au nanospheres (NSs). In CV, the forward scan produces a thin surface Au2O3 layer on the Au NSs. …
Gc×Gc-Ms And Parallel 2dlc-Ms Based Untargeted Metabolomics., Md Aminul Islam Prodhan
Gc×Gc-Ms And Parallel 2dlc-Ms Based Untargeted Metabolomics., Md Aminul Islam Prodhan
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Untargeted metabolomics aims to analyze as many metabolites as possible in a biological system. Due to the vast complexity of the metabolome, bioanalytical platforms have been developed for untargeted metabolomics. While comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC×GC-MS) has been used in different scientific fields, its use in untargeted metabolomics is limited due to several challenges, such as complicated data analysis and limited accuracy of metabolite identification. Two-dimensional liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (2DLC-MS) has also been employed in untargeted metabolomics, but with limited metabolite coverage. This dissertation describes the efforts in developing new data analysis algorithms to improve the accuracy …
Laser Spectroscopy Investigations Of Jet-Cooled Metal-Containing Free Radicals., Anam Chandra Paul
Laser Spectroscopy Investigations Of Jet-Cooled Metal-Containing Free Radicals., Anam Chandra Paul
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Metal-containing free radicals are important intermediates in metal-surface reactions and the interactions between metals and organic molecules. Among metal-containing free radicals, monovalent derivatives of alkaline earth metals have been extensively investigated by using spectroscopic techniques in a gas phase, mainly in Broida ovens or under supersonic-jet-cooled conditions. In the present study, the results of performed spectroscopic investigations of both metal-containing monoalkoxides (CaOR) and metal oxides (MO) radicals have been reported. Laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) and dispersed fluorescence (DF) spectra of the electronic transition of the calcium CaOR radicals have been obtained under jet-cooled conditions. Complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) and …
Laser Spectroscopy Investigations On Molecular And Free Radicals Dynamics., Hamzeh Telfah
Laser Spectroscopy Investigations On Molecular And Free Radicals Dynamics., Hamzeh Telfah
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Studying molecular dynamics and chemical kinetics is important to understand the chemical behavior of renewable energy sources. Laser spectroscopy techniques are powerful tools for the identification and diagnosis of such processes. In this dissertation, using our laser spectroscopy techniques, biofuels and solar energy were targeted as renewable energy sources study. We have studied the ultrafast exciton dynamics for a series of methylammonium lead bromide (CH3NH3PbBr3) nanostructures, nanocrystals (NCs, 0D), nanowires (NWs, 1D), and nanoplatelets (NPs, 2D) as a promising solar energy materials.1-2 Aided by analysis of UV−visible absorption and photoluminescence spectra, features in the transient absorption (TA) spectra are assigned …
Statistical Methods For Estimating And Testing Treatment Effect For Multiple Treatment Groups In Observational Studies., Xiaofang Yan
Statistical Methods For Estimating And Testing Treatment Effect For Multiple Treatment Groups In Observational Studies., Xiaofang Yan
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Note: Abstract would not save due to an issue with some of the characters.
Laser Spectroscopic Investigations Of Organic Alkoxy And Peroxy Radicals., Md Asmaul Reza
Laser Spectroscopic Investigations Of Organic Alkoxy And Peroxy Radicals., Md Asmaul Reza
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Understanding the mechanism of combustion reactions is key for advancing internal combustion engine design, improving the efficiency of ignition chemical reactions, and reducing pollutant formation. In order to model the extremely complicated chemical kinetics of combustion processes, it is critical to detect and identify transient reactive chemical intermediates, particularly free radicals. Hence, it needs to be fully understood the gas-phase chemistry of organic compounds in the lower atmosphere. Over the past fifty years, parallel advancement in observational, experimental, and theoretical techniques, tremendous strides have been made in our understanding of the role of organic compounds in the atmosphere. Combustion chemistry …
Oxygen Deficient Perovskites: Effect Of Structure On Electrical Conductivity, Magnetism And Electrocatalytic Activity., Ram Krishna Hona
Oxygen Deficient Perovskites: Effect Of Structure On Electrical Conductivity, Magnetism And Electrocatalytic Activity., Ram Krishna Hona
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The present thesis deals with the synthesis and study of the physico-chemical properties of perovskite based oxide materials. Several novel oxygen deficient perovskites (ODP) have been synthesized by conventional solid state synthesis method. The novel compounds are CaSrFe2O6-δ, CaSrFeCoO6-δ, Ca2Fe1.5Ga0.5O5, CaSrFeGaO5 and BaSrFe2O5. Their magnetic, charge transport and electrocatalytic properties have been studied. Structural effect on electrical conductivity, magnetic and electrocatalytic properties have been studied in some series of ODPs. CaSrFe2O6-δ, CaSrFeCoO6-δ, Ca2Fe …
Stability And Reactivity Analysis Of Single Metal And Bimetallic Nanostructures By Anodic Stripping Voltammetry., Dhruba Kumar Pattadar
Stability And Reactivity Analysis Of Single Metal And Bimetallic Nanostructures By Anodic Stripping Voltammetry., Dhruba Kumar Pattadar
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation has two main themes. The first involves studies aimed at developing anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) as an analytical tool to characterize metal nanoparticles (NPs), with a focus on the size and aggregate structure of single metal NPs and the composition and atomic arrangement of bimetallic NPs. The second main theme involves studies that use ASV and electrochemical surface area-to-volume (SA/V) measurements to study the unique reactivity and transformations of single metal and bimetallic NPs. The transformations involve size and composition changes in response to ozone and electrochemical potential. Reactions involve size dependent galvanic exchange and electrocatalytic activity. The …
Designing And Sample Size Calculation In Presence Of Heterogeneity In Biological Studies Involving High-Throughput Data., Sudhir Srivastava
Designing And Sample Size Calculation In Presence Of Heterogeneity In Biological Studies Involving High-Throughput Data., Sudhir Srivastava
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The designing and determination of sample size are important for conducting high-throughput biological experiments such as proteomics experiments and RNA-Seq expression studies, thus leading to better understanding of complex mechanisms underlying various biological processes. The variations in the biological data or technical approaches to data collection lead to heterogeneity for the samples under study. We critically worked on the issues of technical and biological heterogeneity. The quantitative measurements based on liquid chromatography (LC) coupled with mass spectrometry (MS) often suffer from the problem of missing values (MVs) and data heterogeneity. We considered a proteomics data set generated from human kidney …
Formally Designing And Implementing Cyber Security Mechanisms In Industrial Control Networks., Mehdi Sabraoui
Formally Designing And Implementing Cyber Security Mechanisms In Industrial Control Networks., Mehdi Sabraoui
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation describes progress in the state-of-the-art for developing and deploying formally verified cyber security devices in industrial control networks. It begins by detailing the unique struggles that are faced in industrial control networks and why concepts and technologies developed for securing traditional networks might not be appropriate. It uses these unique struggles and examples of contemporary cyber-attacks targeting control systems to argue that progress in securing control systems is best met with formal verification of systems, their specifications, and their security properties. This dissertation then presents a development process and identifies two technologies, TLA+ and seL4, that can be …
Allee Effects Introduced By Density Dependent Phenology., Timothy James Pervenecki
Allee Effects Introduced By Density Dependent Phenology., Timothy James Pervenecki
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
We consider both the nonspatial model and spatial model of a species that gives birth to eggs at the end of the year. It is assumed that the timing of emergence from eggs is controled by phenology, which is density dependent. In general, the solution maps for our models are implicit; When the solution map is explicit, it is extremely complex and it is easier to work with the implicit map. We derive integral conditions for which the nonspatial model exhibits strong Allee effect. We also provide a necessary condition and a sufficient condition for the existence of positive equilibrium …
Novel Bayesian Methodology In Multivariate Problems., Debamita Kundu
Novel Bayesian Methodology In Multivariate Problems., Debamita Kundu
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation involves developing novel Bayesian methodology for multivariate problems. In particular, it focuses on two contexts: shrinkage based variable selection in multivariate regression and simultaneous covariance estimation of multiple groups. Both these projects are centered around fully Bayesian inference schemes based on hierarchical modeling to capture context-specific features of the data and the development of computationally efficient estimation algorithm. Variable selection over a potentially large set of covariates in a linear model is quite popular. In the Bayesian context, common prior choices can lead to a posterior expectation of the regression coefficients that is a sparse (or nearly sparse) …
A Study Of Big Field Multivariate Cryptography., Ryann Cartor
A Study Of Big Field Multivariate Cryptography., Ryann Cartor
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
As the world grapples with the possibility of widespread quantum computing, the cryptosystems of the day need to be up to date. Multivariate Public Key Cryptography is a leading option for security in a post quantum society. One goal of this work is to classify the security of multivariate schemes, especially C*variants. We begin by introducing Multivariate Public Key Cryptography and will then discuss different multivariate schemes and the main types of attacks that have been proven effective against multivariate schemes. Once we have developed an appropriate background, we analyze security of different schemes against particular attacks. Specifically, we …
Algebraic Properties Of Neural Codes., Katie C. Christensen
Algebraic Properties Of Neural Codes., Katie C. Christensen
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The neural rings and ideals as algebraic tools for analyzing the intrinsic structure of neural codes were introduced by C. Curto, V. Itskov, A. Veliz-Cuba, and N. Youngs in 2013. Since then they have been investigated in several papers, including the 2017 paper by S. G\"unt\"urk\"un, J. Jeffries, and J. Sun, in which the notion of polarization of neural ideals was introduced. We extend their ideas by introducing the polarization of motifs and neural codes, and show that these notions have very nice properties which allow the studying of the intrinsic structure of neural codes of length $n$ via the …
Characterizing Majority Rule On Various Discrete Models Of Consensus., Trevor Leach
Characterizing Majority Rule On Various Discrete Models Of Consensus., Trevor Leach
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In any social structure, there is often a need to reach decisions, not only within a group but between groups as well, sometimes even urgently so. Each of the individuals constituting these groups has their own preference for the decision to be made. We will discuss the problem of aggregating individual preferences into a collective preference and under what conditions we are required to select a collective majority. In this dissertation we will look at three models of consensus and show the conditions vary based on the model.
Aerobic Photolysis Mecbl: Structure And Electronic Properties Of Cbl-O-O-Ch3 Intermediate., Aida Bazarganpour
Aerobic Photolysis Mecbl: Structure And Electronic Properties Of Cbl-O-O-Ch3 Intermediate., Aida Bazarganpour
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The photolysis of methylcobalamin (coenzyme B12) results in homolytic cleavage of the Co-C bond, forming cob(II)alamin and the Co(II)/CH3 radical pair (RP) which further react with O2 to form the intermediate (R-O-O-Cbl) that involves in the aerobic photolysis. It has been suggested that the key intermediate (R-O-O-Cbl) involves in aerobic photolysis is the insertion of O2 between the Co-C bond. Clearly, the exposure of light is needed to induce the activation Co-C bond for generating the Co(II)/CH3 radical pair (RP). The intermediate (R-O-O-Cbl) undergoes further decomposition to aldehyde as the final product of aerobic …
Morphometric Analysis And Application In Galaxy Evolution And High-Redshift Surveys., Samir Kusmic
Morphometric Analysis And Application In Galaxy Evolution And High-Redshift Surveys., Samir Kusmic
College of Arts & Sciences Senior Honors Theses
In this thesis, I will present my research work with statistical analysis towards a galaxy’s morphology and its morphometric. The first part would be with the galaxy morphometric and have heavy focus with one particular software: Source Extractor. Source Extractor was compared to GALFIT in order to see how accurate and precise we would expect the software to be with effective radii, scale length, inclination,position angle, and major and minor axes. This is towards preparation for future surveys with expectation of a large boom in galaxy discovery with the new observatories to be online (EUCLID, LSST, JWST, etc.). From our …
Long-Term Patterns In Remotely-Sensed Vegetation Productivity For A Transboundary Conservation Area In Southern Africa., Liam Resener
Long-Term Patterns In Remotely-Sensed Vegetation Productivity For A Transboundary Conservation Area In Southern Africa., Liam Resener
College of Arts & Sciences Senior Honors Theses
In the past century, researchers have observed changes in vegetation productivity and structure in savannas across the world. These changes, caused by shifts in precipitation patterns, fire patterns, soil nutrients, herbivory, and land management decisions, are important to understand because they affect availability of natural resources, which in turn affects the livelihoods of local populations. This study centers on the Kavango-Zambezi Transfrontier Conservation Area (KAZA), a transboundary conservation area that spans five countries in Southern Africa comprised of large areas of protected land. Using the Normalized-Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), I tested a 35-year remotely-sensed time series for intra- and inter-annual …
Use Of Anodic Stripping Voltammetry To Study The Size-Selective Electrophoretic Deposition And Aggregation-Dependent Oxidation Of Metal Nanoparticles., Stacy L. Allen
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation describes how anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) was used to study size-controlled electrophoretic deposition (EPD) and the aggregation-dependent oxidation properties of citrate-stabilized Au nanoparticles (NPs). EPD of citrate-coated Au NPs occurs in the presence of hydroquinone (HQ) onto indium-tin-oxide-coated glass electrodes (glass/ITO) at potentials positive of the HQ oxidation potential. HQ oxidation produces protons at the electrode surface, which serve to neutralize the citrate molecules that electrostatically stabilize the Au NPs. Neutralization leads to the loss of stabilization and deposition onto the electrode. EPD in the presence of ferrocyanide, a non-proton-producing molecule, at oxidation potentials resulted in no deposition …
Lithium Molybdate-Sulfur Battery., Ruchira Ravinath Dharmasena
Lithium Molybdate-Sulfur Battery., Ruchira Ravinath Dharmasena
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Rechargeable energy storage systems play a vital role in today’s automobile industry with the emergence of electric vehicles (EVs). In order to meet the targets set by the department of energy (DOE), there is an immediate need of new battery chemistries with higher energy density than the current Li- ion technology. Lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries have attracted enormous attention in the energy-storage, due to their high specific energy density of 2600 Wh kg-1 and operational voltage of 2.0 V. Despite the promising electrochemical characteristics, Li-S batteries suffer from serious technical challenges such as dissolution of polysulfides Li2Sx …
Synthetic Methods And Biological Applications Of Nitrogen Heterocycles To Compounds Of Biological Interest., Jarrid Ronnebaum
Synthetic Methods And Biological Applications Of Nitrogen Heterocycles To Compounds Of Biological Interest., Jarrid Ronnebaum
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Thalidomide analogues were synthesized utilizing optimized click conditions from 3-azidoglutarimide and an array of arylacetylenes or N-ethynyl/N-propargyl phthalimide derivatives. The intermediate, 3-azidoglutarimde, was pivotal and yielded a new and scalable synthesis. The reaction conditions utilized a copper sulfate/sodium ascorbate system in aqueous tetrahydrofuran to propagate the dipolar cycloaddition reactions between the azidoglutarimide and the alkynyl coupling partners. The first explored substrates were substituted arylalkynes to optimize the click reaction. Arylalkynes selected were to exhibit similar electron deficient rings to mimic phthalimide. Along with the synthesis of click thalidomide analogues, click analogue of the antiangiogenic and more potent …
Clustering Of Multiple Instance Data., Andrew D. Karem
Clustering Of Multiple Instance Data., Andrew D. Karem
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
An emergent area of research in machine learning that aims to develop tools to analyze data where objects have multiple representations is Multiple Instance Learning (MIL). In MIL, each object is represented by a bag that includes a collection of feature vectors called instances. A bag is positive if it contains at least one positive instance, and negative if no instances are positive. One of the main objectives in MIL is to identify a region in the instance feature space with high correlation to instances from positive bags and low correlation to instances from negative bags -- this region is …
An Explainable Sequence-Based Deep Learning Predictor With Applications To Song Recommendation And Text Classification., Khalil Damak
An Explainable Sequence-Based Deep Learning Predictor With Applications To Song Recommendation And Text Classification., Khalil Damak
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Streaming applications are now the predominant tools for listening to music. What makes the success of such software is the availability of songs and especially their ability to provide users with relevant personalized recommendations. State of the art music recommender systems mainly rely on either Matrix factorization-based collaborative filtering approaches or deep learning architectures. Deep learning models usually use metadata for content-based filtering or predict the next user interaction (listening to a song) using a memory-based deep learning structure that learns from temporal sequences of user actions. Despite advances in deep learning models for song recommendation systems, none has taken …
A Study On Radiative Pion Capture As A Source Of Background In The Search For Muon To Electron Conversion At The Mu2e Experiment., Joseph Leibson
A Study On Radiative Pion Capture As A Source Of Background In The Search For Muon To Electron Conversion At The Mu2e Experiment., Joseph Leibson
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The following thesis will cover the process of radiative pion capture in the Mu2e experiment at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory. Radiative pion capture (RPC) is a process that is able to mimic the signal of an electron spawned from the neutrino-less conversion of a muon. In this paper we will discuss the current Standard Model accepted by physicists, and discuss charged lepton flavor violation, which is the motivation behind Mu2e. This paper will cover the theory behind Mu2e and RPC, as well as the apparatus involved in the Mu2e experiment. Next, software and simulations used to carry out the RPC …
2d Materials Based Heterostructures : A Lithography Free Method., Adel Alruqi
2d Materials Based Heterostructures : A Lithography Free Method., Adel Alruqi
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Many properties of Two-dimensional (2D) materials are vastly different from those of their 3D counterparts. A large family of 2D materials ranging from gapless graphene to metallic NbSe2 (also superconducting), semiconducting MoS2, and insulating hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) possessing a broad range of exciting new properties have emerged in recent years. Moreover, 2D materials provide the perfect platform to create laterally and vertically stacked heterostructures with intriguing properties. The physics of 2D materials based heterostructures is extremely interesting and novel 2D-heterostructured devices including tunneling diodes, tunneling transistors, photovoltaic cells, and light-emitting diodes have started to emerge. In this work, we …
A Multi-Plot Assessment Of Vegetation Structure Using A Micro-Unmanned Aerial System (Uas) In A Semi-Arid Savanna Environment., Nicholas E Kolarik
A Multi-Plot Assessment Of Vegetation Structure Using A Micro-Unmanned Aerial System (Uas) In A Semi-Arid Savanna Environment., Nicholas E Kolarik
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) have emerged as a capable platform for measuring vegetation health, structure and productivity. Products derived from UAS imagery typically have much finer spatial resolutions than traditional satellite or aircraft imagery, allowing the spectral and structural heterogeneity of vegetation to be mapped and monitored with more detail. This study uses UAS-captured imagery from the Chobe Enclave of northern Botswana. Flights were conducted across a gradient of savanna sites classified as grass-, shrub-, or tree-dominated. We compare multiple approaches for extracting woody vegetation structure from UAS imagery and assess correlations between in situ field measurements and UAS estimates. …
Studying And Handling Iterated Algorithmic Biases In Human And Machine Learning Interaction., Wenlong Sun
Studying And Handling Iterated Algorithmic Biases In Human And Machine Learning Interaction., Wenlong Sun
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Algorithmic bias consists of biased predictions born from ingesting unchecked information, such as biased samples and biased labels. Furthermore, the interaction between people and algorithms can exacerbate bias such that neither the human nor the algorithms receive unbiased data. Thus, algorithmic bias can be introduced not only before and after the machine learning process but sometimes also in the middle of the learning process. With a handful of exceptions, only a few categories of bias have been studied in Machine Learning, and there are few, if any, studies of the impact of bias on both human behavior and algorithm performance. …
Facile And Efficient Synthesis Of Thiosemicarbazone Derivatives With Functionalized Pendant Amines., Anna E Davis
Facile And Efficient Synthesis Of Thiosemicarbazone Derivatives With Functionalized Pendant Amines., Anna E Davis
College of Arts & Sciences Senior Honors Theses
Bis-thiosemicarbazones are an important class of ligands for the synthesis of transition metal complexes with applications in medicine and electrochemistry.1,2 Among the most studied of these complexation ligands is diacetyl-2,3-bis(N4-methyl-3-thiosemicarbazone) (denoted as ATSM, 1, Figure 1).2,3 Derivatives of 1 with various amines in place of the methylamine of ATSM have previously been reported, including diacetyl (N4-methylthiosemicarbazone-N4′-dimethylthio-semicarbazone) (denoted as ATSM/DM, 2).4 In this work, we pursue the development of a library of ATSM derivatives with a variety of functionalized pendant amines with a range of electronic and steric …