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University of Arkansas, Fayetteville

Environmental Sciences

2010

Articles 1 - 16 of 16

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Factors That Influence The Adoption Of Agricultural Conservation Programs In Northwest Arkansas, Edison Anthony Froelich Dec 2010

Factors That Influence The Adoption Of Agricultural Conservation Programs In Northwest Arkansas, Edison Anthony Froelich

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

A survey was developed and administered to agricultural producers in Northwest Arkansas in order to better understand producer awareness of, application for and participation in six federal and state conservation programs available in Arkansas: the Environmental Quality Incentives Program, the Conservation Reserve Enhancement Program, the Arkansas Revolving Loan Program, the Arkansas Nonpoint Pollution Management Program , the Arkansas Soil Nutrient and Poultry Litter Application and Management Program, and the Surplus Poultry Litter Removal Incentives Cost Share Program. Survey results found that less than half of the sample was aware of any one of the programs. A logit model was developed …

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Recommendations For The Chamlidere Petrified Forest Management Plan, Fatma Ertem Dec 2010

Recommendations For The Chamlidere Petrified Forest Management Plan, Fatma Ertem

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Anything inherited from our ancestors or from nature can be considered as our heritage. Heritage can be classified as cultural and natural heritage. Turkey has been the cradle of many civilizations, religions, and ethnic groups because of the unprecedented natural heritage and critical geopolitical location of Anatolia. Given all the treasure of cultural and natural heritage in Turkey, heritage management practices have not been emphasized as they deserve. A petrified forest was found in Chamlidere, Ankara (Turkey) in 2004. Chamlidere petrified forest preserves information related to the biodiversity of forests in the Galatian Volcanic Province during the Early-Middle Miocene. When …

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Water Quality Monitoring And Constituent Load Estimation In The Kings River Near Berryville, Arkansas, 2009, L.B. Massey, B.E. Haggard Jul 2010

Water Quality Monitoring And Constituent Load Estimation In The Kings River Near Berryville, Arkansas, 2009, L.B. Massey, B.E. Haggard

Technical Reports

The Arkansas Water Resources Center monitored water quality at the Kings River near Berryville, Arkansas, during base flow conditions and storm events from July 1, 2009 through June 30, 2010. Water samples were collected manually with an alpha or Kemmerer style sampler and analyzed for nitrate‐nitrogen (NO₃‐N), sulfate (SO₄), chloride (Cl), soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP), total phosphorus (TP), dissolved ammonia (NH₃‐N), total N (TN), total suspended solids (TSS), and turbidity. Physico‐chemical parameters were measured in field including pH, conductivity, water temperature, and dissolved oxygen concentration. The selected site was at an established discharge monitoring station maintained by the US Geological …

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Water Quality Monitoring And Constituent Load Estimation In The Upper White River Basin, 2009, L.B. Massey, B.E. Haggard, R.S. Avery, R.A. Morgan Jul 2010

Water Quality Monitoring And Constituent Load Estimation In The Upper White River Basin, 2009, L.B. Massey, B.E. Haggard, R.S. Avery, R.A. Morgan

Technical Reports

The Arkansas Water Resources Center monitored water quality at seven sites in the Upper White River Basin during base flow conditions and storm events from July 1, 2009 through June 30, 2010. Water samples were collected manually with an alpha or Kemmerer style sampler and analyzed for nitrate‐nitrogen (NO₃‐N), sulfate (SO₄), chloride (Cl‐), soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP), total phosphorus (TP), dissolved ammonia (NH₃‐N), total N (TN), total suspended solids (TSS), and turbidity. Physico‐chemical parameters were measured in field including pH, conductivity, water temperature, and dissolved oxygen concentration. The selected sites were all at established discharge monitoring stations maintained by the …

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Water Quality Monitoring And Constituent Load Estimation In The Upper Illinois River Watershed, 2009, L.B. Massey, B.E. Haggard Jul 2010

Water Quality Monitoring And Constituent Load Estimation In The Upper Illinois River Watershed, 2009, L.B. Massey, B.E. Haggard

Technical Reports

The Arkansas Water Resources Center (AWRC) monitored water quality at eight sites in the Upper Illinois River Watershed (UIRW) during base flow conditions and storm events from July 1, 2009 through June 30, 2010. Water samples were collected manually with an alpha or Kemmerer style sampler and analyzed for nitrate-nitrogen (NO₃-N), sulfate (SO₄), chloride (Cl), soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP), total phosphorus (TP), dissolved ammonia (NH₃-N), total N (TN), total suspended solids (TSS), and turbidity. Physico-chemical parameters were measured in the field including pH, conductivity, water temperature, and dissolved oxygen concentration. The selected sites were at established discharge monitoring stations maintained …

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Water Quality Outreach And Education Strategies For Northwest Arkansas And Regional Watersheds, Katie Teague, John Pennington Jun 2010

Water Quality Outreach And Education Strategies For Northwest Arkansas And Regional Watersheds, Katie Teague, John Pennington

Technical Reports

Stakeholders impact water quality and have a responsibility to protect, maintain, and improve water quality throughout northwest Arkansas and watersheds everywhere. But unless the roles of responsibility and stewardship among all stakeholders is communicated clearly and repetitively, there will be little progress made towards maintaining and improving water quality, while lawsuits, blame, and inaction will persist. Thus, the overall goal of water quality education and outreach is to improve the ability of stakeholders to take care of their watershed by teaching them what actions are or are not beneficial for water quality protection, maintenance, or improvements. Specific outreach and education …

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Regulatory Drivers For The Upper Illinois River And Other Regional Watersheds, Ray Weida Jun 2010

Regulatory Drivers For The Upper Illinois River And Other Regional Watersheds, Ray Weida

Technical Reports

Environmental regulations are put in place to protect the air, water and land from threat of pollution. Regulatory programs establish pollution limits, determine compliance, and enforce environmental laws and regulations for waterbodies within the watershed based on the designated uses for the individual waterbody. These established regulations make sure that the state’s mandatory standards for clean water and the minimum federal standards are being achieved. Environmental regulations are established on both the federal and state levels. On the federal level, Congress has authorized the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and other governmental agencies to create and enforce regulations. The EPA delegates …

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Handbook Of Best Management Practices For The Upper Illinois River Watershed And Other Regional Watersheds, B.E. Haggard, Andrew Sharpley, Leslie Massey Jun 2010

Handbook Of Best Management Practices For The Upper Illinois River Watershed And Other Regional Watersheds, B.E. Haggard, Andrew Sharpley, Leslie Massey

Technical Reports

Management actions are strategies carried out by stakeholders that are designed to implement water quality protection and restoration activities with a watershed. This publication presents a range of beneficial management actions from simple to complex that address the pollutant potential that is common across the watershed landscape of northwest Arkansas. Some management actions can be undertaken by any watershed stakeholder at any time, while others need to be carefully planned or lobbied to local and state government. The following chapters address potential management actions that can be taken by individuals or groups at households, businesses, institutions, municipalities, industrial facilities, farms, …

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Water Quality And Watershed Conditions In The Upper Illinois River Watershed, Brian Haggard, Andrew Sharpley, Leslie Massey Jun 2010

Water Quality And Watershed Conditions In The Upper Illinois River Watershed, Brian Haggard, Andrew Sharpley, Leslie Massey

Technical Reports

The Illinois River and its tributaries have many uses that have been designated by the Arkansas Department of Environmental Quality including fisheries, aquatic life, primary contact waters, secondary contact waters, drinking water supply, and agricultural and industrial water supply, and water quality affects whether these uses can be supported. Since water quality can be quite complex, many types of measurements can be used as water quality indicators; some common water quality measurements include pH, dissolved oxygen concentration, and conductivity. More complicated measurements include determining nutrients, sediment and bacteria in the water, as well as assessing the aquatic life—aquatic insects, fish, …

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Final Report To The Illinois River Watershed Partnership: Recommended Watershed Based Strategy For The Upper Illinois River Watershed, Northwest Arkansas, B.E. Haggard, Andrew Sharpley, Leslie Massey, Katie Teague Jun 2010

Final Report To The Illinois River Watershed Partnership: Recommended Watershed Based Strategy For The Upper Illinois River Watershed, Northwest Arkansas, B.E. Haggard, Andrew Sharpley, Leslie Massey, Katie Teague

Technical Reports

This publication serves as the final report to the Illinois River Watershed Partnership (IRWP) regarding the project entitled “Development of the Watershed Management Plan for the Upper Illinois River”. This document was intended to provide this stakeholder based organization guidance in the development of a watershed management plan for the Illinois River drainage area (i.e., the Upper Illinois River Watershed, UIRW) in Arkansas. This document represents the final report from the Arkansas Water Resources Center (AWRC) and affiliated project investigators, and the IRWP may alter this document before the final submission of its watershed management plan to the Arkansas Natural …

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A Vision For The Upper Illinois River Watershed, Kent Thornton Jun 2010

A Vision For The Upper Illinois River Watershed, Kent Thornton

Technical Reports

The Upper Illinois River Watershed is a special place where the threads of private, public and non‐profit partnerships are woven into the regional fabric of economic vitality; environmental stability, and social responsibility. Through its cultural heritage, the legacy of land stewardship, integrated with respect for personal property rights, continues. Natural resources are restored and sustained within a healthy mosaic of fields, forests, farms, woodlands, wetland prairies, pastures, cities, and naturally flowing streams. It is an incubator for green energy, entrepreneurial, educational and environmental initiatives.

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Making Our Communities Greener: A Case Study Of Promoting Biogas Energy By Tongwei Evergreen Libraries In China, Wenjie Zhou, Tim J. Zou, Elaine X. Dong Feb 2010

Making Our Communities Greener: A Case Study Of Promoting Biogas Energy By Tongwei Evergreen Libraries In China, Wenjie Zhou, Tim J. Zou, Elaine X. Dong

University Libraries Faculty Publications and Presentations

Promoting the consumption of new energies, particularly of biogas, in rural areas is a strategic initiative of the Chinese government. The government has incorporated this initiative into many of its rural development plans. Likewise, Tongwei Evergreen Libraries (TEL, 通渭青树图书馆) has also integrated ideas of the initiative into its library services. This paper describes the Biogas Promotion Program (BPP) that TEL implemented, discusses the BPP model and roles of TEL in the program, and analyzes the initial results of the program through surveying local farmers. A survey was developed for this assessment study. The survey results show that the government biogas …

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Sediment Phosphorus Flux In Beaver Lake In Northwest Arkansas, Taraf Abu Hamdan, Thad Scott, Duane Wolf, Brian E. Haggard Jan 2010

Sediment Phosphorus Flux In Beaver Lake In Northwest Arkansas, Taraf Abu Hamdan, Thad Scott, Duane Wolf, Brian E. Haggard

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Internal phosphorus (P) loading may influence primary production in lakes, but the influence of sediment-derived P has not been well studied in Beaver Lake of Northwest Arkansas. Soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP), dissolved organic P (DOP), and total dissolved P (TDP) sediment-water fluxes were determined using intact sediment cores collected from deepwater environments in the riverine, transition zone, and lacustrine zones of Beaver Lake. The SRP, DOP, and TDP fluxes were also estimated from cores collected from shallow locations in the transition zone. There was a net positive SRP (0.001 – 0.005 µg P cm-2 h-1), DOP (0.005 – 0.01 µg …

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Assessment Of Total Organic Carbon Concentrations In Two Streams Of Northwest Arkansas: Town Branch And Brush Creek, Abigail N. Washispack, Jason A. Mcginnis, Brian E. Haggard Jan 2010

Assessment Of Total Organic Carbon Concentrations In Two Streams Of Northwest Arkansas: Town Branch And Brush Creek, Abigail N. Washispack, Jason A. Mcginnis, Brian E. Haggard

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Within a stream, changes in flow rate and local environment can affect the total organic content (TOC) concentrations in the stream water and TOC delivery downstream to water supply reservoirs. Disinfection by-products (DBPs) result from various chemical reactions between chlorine, bromine, and organic carbon in raw water during the drinking water treatment process; DBPs are potential carcinogens and are regulated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. In this project, we measured the TOC concentrations in two streams in the Beaver Lake Watershed: Town Branch and Brush Creek. We then compared TOC concentrations between the two streams and to that observed …

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Effects Of Diesel And Biodiesel Blends On Engine Performance And Efficiency, Christopher Hunt, Donald Johnson, Don Edgar Jan 2010

Effects Of Diesel And Biodiesel Blends On Engine Performance And Efficiency, Christopher Hunt, Donald Johnson, Don Edgar

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Tests were conducted during the summer of 2009 on a John Deere 3203 diesel tractor to determine differences in specific fuel consumption (sfc), power take-off (PTO) torque (Nm), and PTO power (kW), between ultralow sulfur No. 2 Diesel (D2), 20% biodiesel (B20), 50% biodiesel (B50), and100% biodiesel (B100). Four 1-hr tests were conducted with D2, while three 1-hr tests were conducted with B20, B50, and B100. The results indicated that there was no significant (p < 0.05) difference between D2 and B20 for power or torque. Fueling with B50 resulted in significantly lower power and torque than fueling with D2 or B20, but significantly higher power and torque than fueling with B100. There were significant differences between each fuel in sfc; as the biodiesel blend increased, sfc also increased. Based on these data, B20 appears to be the optimal biodiesel blend for this and similar compact utility tractors since fueling with B20 resulted in no significant loss in power or torque (compared to D2) and only a slight increase in fuel consumption.

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Characterization Of Secondary Organic Aerosol (Soa) Formed By The Reaction Of Β-Caryophyllene, Soot And Ozone: Climate Impact, A. Sarkar, N. A. Marley, J. S. Gaffney Jan 2010

Characterization Of Secondary Organic Aerosol (Soa) Formed By The Reaction Of Β-Caryophyllene, Soot And Ozone: Climate Impact, A. Sarkar, N. A. Marley, J. S. Gaffney

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Diesel soot (black carbon, BC) is an important light absorbing aerosol component in atmosphere that can cause tropospheric heating. Laboratory studies have found it to be unreactive to ozone at ambient temperature. The low uptake coefficient i.e., γ 300 K = 2× 10-7 , of the soot-O3 reaction indicates a low probability of irreversible O3 loss from gas phase to surface-adsorbed product (Particle phase). This shows clearly that at low temperature soot is not reactive with atmospheric oxidants. In contrast, sesquiterpenes (SQT) such as β-caryophyllene (C15H24), which are produced primarily by plants, are extremely reactive with ozone. For example, the …

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