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The University of Maine

University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports

2003

Articles 1 - 11 of 11

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Collaborative Research: Origins Of Cods On Georges Bank: Contributions Of Early Developmental Stages For The Scotian Shelf, David W. Townsend, Irv Kornfield, Linda Kling Dec 2003

Collaborative Research: Origins Of Cods On Georges Bank: Contributions Of Early Developmental Stages For The Scotian Shelf, David W. Townsend, Irv Kornfield, Linda Kling

University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports

Recent work in the Georges Bank-Gulf of Maine area has documented significant, and apparently episodic, fluxes of Scotian Shelf Water (SSW) from the Nova Scotian continental shelf to Georges Bank. SSW is a relatively cold and fresh water mass with a significant component from the St. Lawrence River, and is commonly identifiable with temperature-salinity analyses of hydrographic data and in satellite images of sea surface temperature. One such flux episode was observed last March (1997) in satellite imagery and from shipboard hydrographic sampling on Georges Bank. Qualitative at-sea analyses of ichthyoplankton sampled on the March cruise revealed a remarkably tight …

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Ams Radiocarbon Chronology Of Glacier Fluctuations In The South Shetland Islands During The Last Glacial/Interglacial Hemicycle:Implications For Global Climate Change, Brenda L. Hall Nov 2003

Ams Radiocarbon Chronology Of Glacier Fluctuations In The South Shetland Islands During The Last Glacial/Interglacial Hemicycle:Implications For Global Climate Change, Brenda L. Hall

University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports

This award supports a two year program to produce a new reconstruction of ice extent, elevation and thickness at the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) for the South Shetland Islands in the Antarctic Peninsula. One field season on Livingston Island will involve mapping the areal extent and geomorphology of glacial drift and determining the elevation and distribution of trimlines. In addition, ice flow direction will be determined by mapping and measuring the elevation of erosional features and the position of erratic boulders. One of the main goals of this work will be to demonstrate whether or not organic material suitable for …

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Organic Coatings On Sedimentary Mineral Grains, Lawrence M. Mayer Sep 2003

Organic Coatings On Sedimentary Mineral Grains, Lawrence M. Mayer

University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports

A pore protection hypothesis will be tested, provide a mechanistic basis for the observed patterns of organic carbon. Relationships between organic matter and mineral surfaces will be developed by: (1) Assessing the extent of organic matter coverage on mineral grains. Is organic carbon localized in small areas or is it widely dispersed? Wide dispersal implies that major fraction must reside in small pores. This question will be tested by completing development of a promising new method based on the of gas adsorption onto mineral surfaces. Completion work will focus on the nature of naked mineral surfaces, identifying variations that derive …

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Mri: Acquisition Of A Modern Electron Microprobe At The University Of Maine, Charles V. Guidotti Sep 2003

Mri: Acquisition Of A Modern Electron Microprobe At The University Of Maine, Charles V. Guidotti

University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports

This award, made through the Major Research Instrumentation (MRI) Program, provides support for the acquisition of a state-of-the-art electron microprobe (EMP) for the microchemical characterization of geological materials. A new EMP will replace an aging (vintage 1981) ARL SEMQ in the Department of Geological Sciences at the University of Maine. The instrument will facilitate research on a range of topics in metamorphic petrology including, the speciation of Fe and distribution of OH- in metapelites, and light element (i.e. Li, B, Be) partitioning in granulite facies rocks. Research in paleoclimatology will also be enhanced by this instrument. The probe will be …

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Collaborative Research: Volcanic Records From The Siple And Taylor Dome Ice Cores, Antarctica, George A. Zielinski Jun 2003

Collaborative Research: Volcanic Records From The Siple And Taylor Dome Ice Cores, Antarctica, George A. Zielinski

University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports

The primary goals of this project were to, 1) evaluate the volcanic acidity record in the Siple Dome A (SDMA) and B (SDMB) ice cores and the Taylor Dome ice core available through the sulfate time series developed by the glaciochemistry group at the University of Maine, 2) undertake a continuous scan of the SDMA core and scan specific sections in the SDMB core to locate and analyze volcanic glass to determine glass composition, and thus source eruptions for the glass and potentially for volcanic sulfate found in the same layer, and 3) evaluate specific sections containing volcanic glass in …

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Collaborative Research: Did The Laurentine Ice Sheet Control Abrupt Climate Change?, Terence J. Hughes, James L. Fastook, David Bromwich, E. Richard Toracinta May 2003

Collaborative Research: Did The Laurentine Ice Sheet Control Abrupt Climate Change?, Terence J. Hughes, James L. Fastook, David Bromwich, E. Richard Toracinta

University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports

This is a collaborative project with the University of Maine and Ohio State University. The Principal Investigators will model the late glacial Laurentide Ice Sheet from near steady-state equilibrium at - 25,000 BP (years before present), through reversible stadial/interstadial transitions associated with Laurentide iceberg outbursts (Heinrich events 2 and 1), and across the threshold of irreversible Laurentide collapse after the last iceberg outburst at - 1 1,000 BP (Heinrich event 0). The goals are to determine if ice-sheet changes could have triggered climate changes by abrupt ice sheet change and to investigate the structure of these changes. The Principal Investigators …

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Science Management For The United States Component Of The International Trans-Antarctic Expedition, Paul Mayewski Mar 2003

Science Management For The United States Component Of The International Trans-Antarctic Expedition, Paul Mayewski

University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports

US ITASE is effectively a polar research vessel. It offers the ground-based opportunities of traditional style traverse travel coupled with the modern technology of GPS, crevasse detecting radar, satellite communications and multi-disciplinary research. By operating as a ground-based transport system US ITASE offers scientists the opportunity to experience the dynamic environment they are studying. US ITASE also offers an important interactive venue for research (currently eleven integrated science projects) similar to that afforded by oceanographic research vessels and large polar field camps, without the cost of the former or the lack of mobility of the latter. More importantly the combination …

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Proteins Of Oxygen-Binding And Energy Metabolism In Muscles Of Antarctic Fishes: Evolutionary Adjustments To Life At Cold Temperature, Bruce Sidell, Michael E. Vayda Mar 2003

Proteins Of Oxygen-Binding And Energy Metabolism In Muscles Of Antarctic Fishes: Evolutionary Adjustments To Life At Cold Temperature, Bruce Sidell, Michael E. Vayda

University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports

The suborder Notothenoidei is the dominant fish group of the Southern Ocean surrounding Antarctica, both in terms of number of species and biomass. For about fourteen million years, these highly successful fish evolved under stable thermal conditions that result in body temperatures of about zero degrees centigrade throughout their life histories. Evolution this cold environment has led to unusual physiological and biochemical characteristics. In some cases, the characteristics contribute to overcoming constraints of cold temperature on biological processes. In other instances, mutations that probably would have been lethal in warmer, less oxygen-rich environments than the Southern Ocean have been retained …

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Control Of Denitrification In A Permanently Ice Covered Antarctic Lake: Potential For Regulation By Bioactive Metals, Mark Wells Feb 2003

Control Of Denitrification In A Permanently Ice Covered Antarctic Lake: Potential For Regulation By Bioactive Metals, Mark Wells

University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports

Lake Bonney is a permanently ice-covered lake in the Dry ValleyÆs region of Antarctica separated into two deep lobes by a shallow (12 m) sill. Denitrification occurs in the sub-oxic, saline waters of the west lobe but not in that of the east lobe for reasons unknown. Previous work has established this disparity cannot be attributed to temperature or salinity limitations, nor by the comparative availability of organic carbon substrates. Our research objective is to determine if trace metal limitation or toxicity may be responsible for this unusual feature. The broader objective is to assess the likelihood that denitrification in …

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Studying Byrd Glacier As A Rock-Floored Ice Stream Ending As A Calving Ice Shelf: Phase I, Terence J. Huges, Roger Hooke, James Fastook Feb 2003

Studying Byrd Glacier As A Rock-Floored Ice Stream Ending As A Calving Ice Shelf: Phase I, Terence J. Huges, Roger Hooke, James Fastook

University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports

This award supports a one-year study of the floating part of Byrd Glacier, from its grounding line located halfway up a fjord through the Transantarctic Mountains to the end of its lateral rift zone on the Ross Ice Shelf beyond the fjord. Over this l00 km distance, the side boundary changes from rigid between the fjord sidewalls, to nearly free in the lateral rift zone, to deforming when the rifts are healed and Bryd Glacier becomes fully coupled to the Ross Ice Shelf. The stress field for these changing conditions will be calculated a using a gridpoint finite-element model for …

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Biodiversity And Ecosystem Informatics: Event And Process Tagging For Information Integration For The International Gulf Of Main Watershed, Mary-Kate Beard-Tisdale, Neal Pettigrew, Jeffrey Kahl, Malcolm L. Hunter Jr., Marilyn Lutz Jan 2003

Biodiversity And Ecosystem Informatics: Event And Process Tagging For Information Integration For The International Gulf Of Main Watershed, Mary-Kate Beard-Tisdale, Neal Pettigrew, Jeffrey Kahl, Malcolm L. Hunter Jr., Marilyn Lutz

University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports

This incubation proposal addresses the issue of integrating large, diverse, and autonomous collections of scientific data within a complex institutional setting. The goal is to convert these autonomous collections into a shareable repository that supports synthesis of data through new metadata structures based on events and processes. The institutional setting is the data and data-gathering activities of over 80 agencies, NGOS, and academic and research institutions operating within the Gulf of Maine watershed. The metadata development will be coordinated by library and spatial information scientists working jointly with domain scientists. An essential task of this incubation effort will be the …

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