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Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

The Norm In Taxicab Geometry, Cumali̇ Eki̇ci̇, I. Kocayusufoğlu, Z. Akça Jan 1998

The Norm In Taxicab Geometry, Cumali̇ Eki̇ci̇, I. Kocayusufoğlu, Z. Akça

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

In this paper, we will define the inner-product and the norm in taxicab geometry and then we will discuss this inner-product geometrically.


The Dual Of The Bochner Space L^P(\Mu,E) For Arbitrary \Mu, Bahatti̇n Cengi̇z Jan 1998

The Dual Of The Bochner Space L^P(\Mu,E) For Arbitrary \Mu, Bahatti̇n Cengi̇z

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

Let $\mu$ be a finite measure, $E$ a Banach space, and $1\leq p


On A Certain Subclass Of Analytic Functions With Negative Cefficients, M. K. Aouf, Nak Eun Cho Jan 1998

On A Certain Subclass Of Analytic Functions With Negative Cefficients, M. K. Aouf, Nak Eun Cho

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

The object of the present paper is to derive several interesting properties of the class $T_n\lam$ consisting of analytic and univalent functions with negative coefficients. Coefficient inequalities, distortion theorems and closure theorems of functions in the class $T_n\lam$ are determined. Also radii of close-to-convexity, starlikeness and convexity are determined. Furthermore, integral operators and modified Hadamard products of several functions belonging to the class $Tn\lam$ are studied here.


The Non Uniform Bounds Of Remainder Term In Clt For The Sum Of Functions Of Uniform Spacings, S. Mirakhmedov, U. Kalandarov Jan 1998

The Non Uniform Bounds Of Remainder Term In Clt For The Sum Of Functions Of Uniform Spacings, S. Mirakhmedov, U. Kalandarov

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

The non uniform bound of the remainder in the central limit theorem for the sums of functions of uniform spacings is established. The bound depend on the moments of functions of the standard exponential random variables.


On The Action Of Steenrod Operations On Polynomial Algebras, İ. Karaca Jan 1998

On The Action Of Steenrod Operations On Polynomial Algebras, İ. Karaca

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

Let \( \bba \) be the mod-\( p \) Steenrod Algebra. Let \( p \) be an odd prime number and \( Z_{p} = Z/pZ \). Let \( P_{s} = Z_{p} [x_{1},x_{2},\ldots,x_{s}]. \) A polynomial \( N \in P_{s} \) is said to be hit if it is in the image of the action \( A \otimes P_{s} \ra P_{s}. \) In [10] for \( p=2, \) Wood showed that if \( \a(d+s) > s \) then every polynomial of degree \( d \) in \( P_{s} \) is hit where \( \a(d+s) \) denotes the number of ones in the …


On The Parabolic Class Number Of Some Subgroups Of Hecke Groups, R. Keski̇n Jan 1998

On The Parabolic Class Number Of Some Subgroups Of Hecke Groups, R. Keski̇n

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

In this paper we calculate the parabolic class number of subgroups of Hecke groups ( H(\sqrt{2}), H (\sqrt{3}) ).


Cahit Arf's Contribution To Algebraic Number Theory And Related Fields, Masatoshi G. İkeda Jan 1998

Cahit Arf's Contribution To Algebraic Number Theory And Related Fields, Masatoshi G. İkeda

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

No abstract provided.


Timelike Ruled Surfaces In The Minkowski 3-Space-Ii, A. Turgut, H. H. Hacisali̇oğlu Jan 1998

Timelike Ruled Surfaces In The Minkowski 3-Space-Ii, A. Turgut, H. H. Hacisali̇oğlu

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

This paper is devoted to a study of timelike ruled surfaces in three dimensional Minkowski space obtained by a spacelike straight line moving along a timelike curve. The central point, the curve of striction and the distribution parameter of a timelike ruled surface in Minkowski 3-space are considered, and some theorems relating to their structure are obtained. In addition, some results about developable timelike ruled surfaces are also given.


A Berry-Esseen Bound For Empty Boxes Statistic On The Scheme An Allocations Of Several Type Balls, S.A. Mirakhmedov, O. Saidova Jan 1998

A Berry-Esseen Bound For Empty Boxes Statistic On The Scheme An Allocations Of Several Type Balls, S.A. Mirakhmedov, O. Saidova

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

A Berry-Esseen bound for the number of empty cells in the scheme of independent and random allocation of balls of $s$ type into different cells is obtained.


Weighted Ergodic Averages, M.D. Ha Jan 1998

Weighted Ergodic Averages, M.D. Ha

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

Let $(X, {\cal F}, \lambda)$ be the unit circle $\Bbb S^1 = \{z \in \Bbb C : z = 1\}$ with the usual $\sigma$-algebra ${\cal F}$ of Lebesgue measurable subsets and the normalized Lebesgue measure $\lambda$. Consider a sequence $\nu_n: \Bbb N \ra \Bbb R, \;\; \nu_n(k) \geq 0, \;\; \Sigma^{\infty}_{k=1} \nu_n(k) = 1$. For any measure-preserving $\tau : X \ra X$, this sequence induces a sequence $(T_n)^{\infty}_1$ of bounded, linear operators on $L^p(X), \;\; 1 \leq p \leq \infty$, by defining \[ T_n f = \sum^{\infty}_{k=1} \nu_n(k) \; f \circ \tau^k, \quad n = 1, 2, \ldots . \] …


Generalized Inverse Estimator And Comparison With Least Squares Estimator, S. Sakallıoğlu, F. Akdeniz Jan 1998

Generalized Inverse Estimator And Comparison With Least Squares Estimator, S. Sakallıoğlu, F. Akdeniz

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

Trenkler [13] described an iteration estimator. This estimator is defined as follows: for $0 < \gamma < 1/\lambda_i \max$ \[ \hat{\beta}_{m, \gamma} = \gamma \sum^m_{i=0} (1-\gamma X'X)^i X'y , \] where $\lambda_i$ are eigenvalues of $X'X$. In this paper a new estimator (generalized inverse estimator) is introduced based on the results of Tewarson [11]. A sufficient condition for the difference of mean square error matrices of least squares estimator and generalized inverse estimator to be positive definite (p.d.) is derived.


Direct Sums And The Schur Property, Betül Tanbay Jan 1998

Direct Sums And The Schur Property, Betül Tanbay

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

It is a known fact that $\ell^1$, the dual space of the null sequences $c_0$, has the Schur property, that is, weakly convergent sequences in $\ell^1$ are norm convergent. In this paper, we prove that if $(X_{\alpha})_{\alpha\in I}$ are Banach spaces and $X=(\oplus_{\alpha\in I}X_{\alpha})_1$ their $l_1$-sum, then the space $X$ has the Schur property iff each factor $X_{\alpha}$ has it.


Finite Direct Sums Of (D1)-Modules, Derya Keskin Jan 1998

Finite Direct Sums Of (D1)-Modules, Derya Keskin

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

In this paper we give necessary conditions for a finite direct sum of (D1)--modules to be a (D1)--module.


Derivation Of Separable Amplitude Equations By Multiple Scales Method, Mehmet Naci̇ Özer, Dursun Eser Jan 1998

Derivation Of Separable Amplitude Equations By Multiple Scales Method, Mehmet Naci̇ Özer, Dursun Eser

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

The method of multiple scales is used to derive separable nonlinear Schrödinger equations as amplitude equation from three component 2D nonlinear Klein-Gordon Equation. We further discuss the integrability of the derived separable amplitude equations and reduce them into finite dimensional Hamiltonian systems. Finally we give first integrals for the reduced systems.


Cess-Modules, Cesim Çelik Jan 1998

Cess-Modules, Cesim Çelik

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

In this paper, we investigate generalizations of CS-modules, namely CESS-modules, weak CS-modules and modules satisfying a condition (P). Several results are given to show the relationships between the classes of these modules.


About Some Classical Functional Equations, Nicolae Neamtu Jan 1998

About Some Classical Functional Equations, Nicolae Neamtu

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

The purpose of this paper is to give a new method of finding the solution of Lobashevsky's functional equation and those of other classical functional equations. At the beginning we present the properties of solution $f, \; f \neq 0$, of Lobachevsky's functional equation. Using only the boundedness property on $(-r, r)$, we deduce the continuity, convexity and differentiability properties of the solution.


Normal Subgroups Of Hecke Groups On Sphere And, İsmai̇l Naci̇ Cangül, Osman Bi̇zi̇m Jan 1998

Normal Subgroups Of Hecke Groups On Sphere And, İsmai̇l Naci̇ Cangül, Osman Bi̇zi̇m

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

We use regular map theory to obtain all normal subgroups of Hecke groups of genus 0 and 1. The existence of a regular map corresponding uniquely to every normal subgroup of Hecke groups H(\lambda_q) is a result of Jones and Singerman, and it is frequently used here to obtain normal subgroups. It is found that when q is even, H(\lambda_q) has infinitely many normal subgroups on the sphere, while for odd q, this number is finite. The total number of normal subgroups of H(\lambda_q) on a torus is found to be either 0 or infinite. The latter case appears iff …


Pullbacks Of Crossed Modules And Cat^1-Groups, Murat Alp Jan 1998

Pullbacks Of Crossed Modules And Cat^1-Groups, Murat Alp

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

In this paper, wer define the pullback cat$^{1}$-groups and we showed that the category of bullback cat$^{1}$-group is equivalent to the category of pullback crossed modules. 1991 A. M. S. C.: 13D99, 16A99, 17B99, 18D35.


Difference Method For A Singularly Perturbed Initial Value Problem, Gabi̇l Muhammadoğlu Amiraliyev Jan 1998

Difference Method For A Singularly Perturbed Initial Value Problem, Gabi̇l Muhammadoğlu Amiraliyev

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

In this paper we construct a completely exponentially fitted finite difference scheme for the initial value problem with small parameter by first and second derivatives. We prove the first order uniform convergence of the scheme in the sense of discrete maximum norm. Numerical results are presented.


The Tachibana Operator And Transfer Of Lifts, Abdullah Mağden, Muhammet Kamali, Arif A. Salimov Jan 1998

The Tachibana Operator And Transfer Of Lifts, Abdullah Mağden, Muhammet Kamali, Arif A. Salimov

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

The main purpose of this paper is to investigate, using the Tachibana operator, transfer of the complete lifts of affinor structures along the cross-sections of the tangent and cotangent bundles.


A New Integrable Reduction Of The Coupled Nls Equation, Mehmet Naci̇ Özer Jan 1998

A New Integrable Reduction Of The Coupled Nls Equation, Mehmet Naci̇ Özer

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

The method of multiple scales is used to derive a new integrable coupled nonlinear Schr\\"odinger equation (CNLS) as an amplitude equation from the coupled nonlinear Klein-Gordon Equation (CNKG). We also give the corresponding spectral problem and further reduce the derived equation into a finite dimensional integrable Hamiltonian system. Finally the integrability of the reduced system is deduced by using a perturbation analysis.


On The Discrete Squeezing Property For Semilinear Wave Equations, A. Eden, V. K. Kalantarov Jan 1998

On The Discrete Squeezing Property For Semilinear Wave Equations, A. Eden, V. K. Kalantarov

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

No abstract provided.


An Improper Integral Representation Of Linnik's Probability Densities, A. (Bastiyali) Hayfavi̇ Jan 1998

An Improper Integral Representation Of Linnik's Probability Densities, A. (Bastiyali) Hayfavi̇

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

A representation of Linnik's Probability Densities by a contour integral distinct than the one given in [2] is obtained. An Improper integral representation of the same density functions is derived. An investigation into the exceptional set is achieved as well.


On The Differential Prime Radical Of A Differential Ring, Djavvat Khadjiev, Fethi̇ Çallialp Jan 1998

On The Differential Prime Radical Of A Differential Ring, Djavvat Khadjiev, Fethi̇ Çallialp

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

In this paper we have obtained the following results for a differential ring (associative or nonassociative): (1) For a differential ring ({\cal D}-ring) we introduce definitions of a {\cal D}-prime {\cal D}-ideal, {\cal D}-semiprime {\cal D}-ideal and a strongly {\cal D}-nilpotent element. We define the {\cal D}-prime radical as the intersection of all {\cal D}-prime {\cal D}-ideals. For any {\cal D}-ring the {\cal D}-prime radical, the intersection of all {\cal D}-semiprime {\cal D}-semiprime {\cal D}-ideals and the set of all strongly {\cal D}-nilpotent elements are equal. (2) For a {\cal D}-ring we introduce a definition of an s-nilpotent {\cal D}-ideal. …


On The Cohomology Ring Of The Infinite Flag Manifold Lg/D, Cenap Özel Jan 1998

On The Cohomology Ring Of The Infinite Flag Manifold Lg/D, Cenap Özel

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

In this work, we discuss the calculation of cohomology rings of LG / T. First we describe the root system and Weyl group of LG, then we give some homotopy equivalences on the loop groups and homogeneous spaces, and investigate the cohomology ring structures of LSU_2 /T and \Omega SU_2. Also we prove that BGG-type operators correspond to partial derivation operators on the divided power algebras.


Fuzzy Ideals In Gamma Near-Rings, Young Bae Jun, Mehmet Sapanci, Mehmet Ali̇ Öztürk Jan 1998

Fuzzy Ideals In Gamma Near-Rings, Young Bae Jun, Mehmet Sapanci, Mehmet Ali̇ Öztürk

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

The aim of this paper is to introduce the notion of fuzzy left (resp. right) ideals of \Gamma-near-rings, and to study the related properties.


Theorems On Three-Term Relations For Hardy Sum, Y. Şi̇mşek Jan 1998

Theorems On Three-Term Relations For Hardy Sum, Y. Şi̇mşek

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

Some three-term and mixed three-term relations for Hardy sums were given by Goldberg [7]. His proofs are based on Bernd's transformation formulae for the logarithms of the classical Theat-functions. Pettet and Sitaramachandararo [9] proved elementary proofs for all of Goldberg's results and also proved some three-term relations of Dedekind sums. In this paper, some new theorems on three-term relations for hardy sums were found by applying derivative operator to three-term polynomial relation. Furthermore, proofs of the reciprocity relations for Hardy sums are presented in a more concise way from the original proofs of Berndt [2, 3, 4] and Goldberg [7].


Dold-Kan Type Theorems For N-Types Of Simplicitial Commutative Algebras, Z. Arvasi̇, M. Koçak Jan 1998

Dold-Kan Type Theorems For N-Types Of Simplicitial Commutative Algebras, Z. Arvasi̇, M. Koçak

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

A functor from simplicial algebras to crossed \( n \)-cubes is shown to be an embedding on a reflexive subcategory of the category of simplicial algebras that contains representatives for all \( n \) types.


Crossed N-Cubes And N-Crossed Complexes Of Commutative Algebras, Z. Arvasi̇, M. Koçak Jan 1998

Crossed N-Cubes And N-Crossed Complexes Of Commutative Algebras, Z. Arvasi̇, M. Koçak

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

In this paper we will define crossed $\Bbb N$-cubes and n-crossed complexes of commutative algebras and construct a functor from the category of simplicial algebras to that of n-crossed complexes.


On Certain Varieties Of Semigroups, A. Tiefenbach Jan 1998

On Certain Varieties Of Semigroups, A. Tiefenbach

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

In this paper we generalize the class of completely regular semigroups (unions of groups) to the class of local monoids, that is the class of all semigroups where the local subsemigroups \( aSa \) are local submonoids. The sublattice of this variety \( (\mathbf{L}(\caL(\cam)) \) covers another lattice isomorphic to the lattice of all bands \( ([x^2 = x]). \) Every bundvariety \( \cau \) has as image the variety \( \Phi - \cau, \) which is the class of all semigroups, where \( \Phi \) is a \( \cau \)-congruence \( (a \Phi b \Leftrightarrow aSa = bSb). \) …