Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Heavy Metals In Ends Liquids: A Comparative Analysis Of Products From The United States, England, Canada, And Australia, Ashleigh Coggins-Block

Forensic Science Theses

The International Tobacco Control (ITC) Policy Evaluation Project 4-Country Survey, which this thesis is a part of, aims to compare policies and electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) products between the United States, England, Canada, and Australia. Since they can pose many serious health risks, this thesis investigated the presence of and source of heavy metals, including lead, nickel, chromium, and cadmium, in ENDS e-liquids. The source of these metals in ENDS e-liquids has been disputed between cultivated tobacco used to derive nicotine and the metal parts of ENDS devices. ENDS purchased in 2017 from each of the four countries of …

Indispensable Statistics For The Behavioral Sciences ~With Spss 26, Howard Reid Ph.D.

Open Educational Resources (OER)

While there are many fine introductory statistics books, undergraduate students often continue to view statistics courses negatively. And many fear they will be unable to master the basic level of understanding that is essential to progress in their majors. The present text is an attempt to rethink what students majoring in the behavioral sciences absolutely must learn in an introductory statistics course and how best to organize the presentation of this material so they can succeed in their chosen field of study.

Every book is written from some perspective. The perspective of this book is that a first course in …