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Articles 1 - 4 of 4
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The Rhizosphere: A Synchrotron- Based View Of Nutrient Flow In The Root Zone, Theodore K. Raab, David A. Lipson
The Rhizosphere: A Synchrotron- Based View Of Nutrient Flow In The Root Zone, Theodore K. Raab, David A. Lipson
Ted K. Raab
At two energy “endpoints” of the EM spectrum accessible to synchrotron biologists (IR radiation and soft X-rays), we have found experimental methods providing unique opportunities to observe processes and test hypotheses essential to understanding plantsoil- microbe interactions. Availability of IR synchrotron beamlines will continue to expand worldwide, and we hope that plant and microbial biologists will incorporate the type of spectral data presented in this chapter as just one of a legion of “-omics” methods. Considering the shear flux of C through belowground ecosystems annually (and how poorly constrained they are in many regions), synchrotrons must continue to demand the …
Ecological And Agricultural Applications Of Synchrotron Ir Microscopy, Ted K. Raab, John P. Vogel
Ecological And Agricultural Applications Of Synchrotron Ir Microscopy, Ted K. Raab, John P. Vogel
Ted K. Raab
The diffraction-limited spot size of synchrotron-based IR microscopes provides cell-specific, spectrochemical imaging of cleared leaf, stem and root tissues of the model genetic organism Arabidopsis thaliana, and mutant plants created either by T-DNA insertional inactivation or chemical mutagenesis. Spectra in the wavelength region from 6 to 12 microns provide chemical and physical information on the cell wall polysaccharides of mutants lacking particular biosynthetic enzymes (‘‘Cellulose synthase-like’’ genes). In parallel experiments, synchrotron IR microscopy delineates the role of Arabidopsis cell wall enzymes as susceptibility factors to the fungus Erysiphe cichoracearum, a causative agent of powdery mildew disease. Three genes, pmr4, pmr5, …
Pmr6, A Pectate Lyase–Like Gene Required For Powdery Mildew Susceptibility In Arabidopsis, John P. Vogel, Ted K. Raab, Celine Schiff, Shauna C. Somerville
Pmr6, A Pectate Lyase–Like Gene Required For Powdery Mildew Susceptibility In Arabidopsis, John P. Vogel, Ted K. Raab, Celine Schiff, Shauna C. Somerville
Ted K. Raab
The plant genes required for the growth and reproduction of plant pathogens are largely unknown. In an effort to identify these genes, we isolated Arabidopsis mutants that do not support the normal growth of the powdery mildew pathogen Erysiphe cichoracearum. Here, we report on the cloning and characterization of one of these genes, PMR6. PMR6 encodes a pectate lyase-like protein with a novel C-terminal domain. Consistent with its predicted gene function, mutations in PMR6 alter the composition of the plant cell wall, as shown by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. pmr6-mediated resistance requires neither salicylic acid nor the ability to perceive …
Visualizing Rhizosphere Chemistry Of Legumes With Mid-Infrared Synchrotron Radiation, Ted K. Raab, Michael C. Martin
Visualizing Rhizosphere Chemistry Of Legumes With Mid-Infrared Synchrotron Radiation, Ted K. Raab, Michael C. Martin
Ted K. Raab
A bright synchrotron light source operated by the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory served as an external source for infrared (IR) microscopy of plant root microcosms. Mid-IR light from synchrotrons is 2-3 orders of magnitude brighter than conventional sources, providing contrast based on the chemical information in the reflected signal at a spatial resolution near the diffraction-limit of 3-10 microns. In an experiment using plant root microcosms fitted with zinc selenide IR-transmissive windows (50 mm x 20 mm x 1 mm), we describe chemical differences and similarities within the root zone of mung bean (Vigna radiata L.), grown with or without …