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Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Density, Abundance, And Habitat Associations Of The Inland Swamp Sparrow (Melospiza Georgiana Georgiana) In Iowa, Tyler Harms, Stephen Dinsmore
Density, Abundance, And Habitat Associations Of The Inland Swamp Sparrow (Melospiza Georgiana Georgiana) In Iowa, Tyler Harms, Stephen Dinsmore
Tyler Harms
Wetlands continue to decline throughout North America and the Prairie Pothole Region, thus emphasizing the importance of understanding population trends and habitat associations of wetland species to ensure effective conservation and habitat management of those species. We estimated density and abundance and evaluated habitat associations of the Inland Swamp Sparrow (Melospiza georgiana georgiana) in Iowa. We conducted standardized distance sampling surveys for Swamp Sparrows and measured habitat characteristics at 307 wetlands in two regions of Iowa in 2009 and 2010. We used Program Distance to model detection probability and estimate region-specific breeding densities of Swamp Sparrows at Iowa …
Sulfur, Iron And Carbon Cycling Following Hydrological Restoration Of Acidic Freshwater Wetlands, Scott Johnston, Edward Burton, Thor Aaso, Gerard Tuckerman
Sulfur, Iron And Carbon Cycling Following Hydrological Restoration Of Acidic Freshwater Wetlands, Scott Johnston, Edward Burton, Thor Aaso, Gerard Tuckerman
Associate Professor Edward D Burton
Freshwater re-flooding is a relatively novel approach to remediate drained acid sulfate soil (ASS) wetlands. This study documents the geochemical consequences of restoring freshwater re-flooding for contemporary reduced inorganic sulfur (RIS) and iron species in two coastal floodplain ASS wetlands. Re-flooding has established predominantly reducing/suboxic conditions and encouraged organic carbon accumulation in surface sediments (~ 20–30%). The pH of former sulfuric horizons has increased by ~ 2–3 units, partly in response to alkalinity generation from anaerobic metabolism of organic carbon coupled with Fe(III) and SO42 − reduction. Despite considerable sulfidisation, reactive Fe (FeR; sum of 1 M HCl and citrate–dithionite …
Effects Of Hyper-Enriched Reactive Fe On Sulfidisation In A Tidally Inundated Acid Sulfate Soil Wetland, Annabelle F. Keene, Scott G. Johnston, Richard T. Bush, Leigh A. Sullivan, Edward D. Burton, Angus E. Mcelnea, Colin R. Ahern, Bernard Powell
Effects Of Hyper-Enriched Reactive Fe On Sulfidisation In A Tidally Inundated Acid Sulfate Soil Wetland, Annabelle F. Keene, Scott G. Johnston, Richard T. Bush, Leigh A. Sullivan, Edward D. Burton, Angus E. Mcelnea, Colin R. Ahern, Bernard Powell
Professor Edward D Burton
Solid phase Fe and S fractions were examined in an acid sulfate soil (ASS) wetland undergoing remediation via tidal inundation. Considerable diagenetic enrichment of reactive Fe(III) oxides (HCl- and dithionite-extractable) occurred near the soil surface (0–0.05 m depth), where extremely large concentrations up to 3534 μmol/g accounted for ~90% of the total Fe pool. This major source of reactive Fe exerts a substantial influence on S cycling and the formation, speciation and transformation of reduced inorganic S (RIS) in tidally inundated ASS. Under these geochemical conditions, acid volatile sulfide (AVS; up to 57 μmol/g) and elemental sulfur (S0; up to …
Reactive Trace Element Enrichment In A Highly Modified, Tidally Inundated Acid Sulfate Soil Wetland: East Trinity, Australia, Annabelle Keene, Scott Johnston, Richard Bush, Edward Burton, Leigh Sullivan
Reactive Trace Element Enrichment In A Highly Modified, Tidally Inundated Acid Sulfate Soil Wetland: East Trinity, Australia, Annabelle Keene, Scott Johnston, Richard Bush, Edward Burton, Leigh Sullivan
Associate Professor Edward D Burton
This study examines the abundance of trace elements in surface sediments of a former acid sulfate soil (ASS) wetland subjected to marine tidal inundation. Sediment properties of this highly modified study site are compared with those of an adjacent unmodified, intertidal mangrove forest. Whilst some trace elements (Al, Cd, Mn, Ni and Zn) were clearly depleted due to mobilisation and leaching in the previous oxic–acidic phase, other trace elements (As and Cr) displayed significant enrichment in the tidally inundated ASS. Many trace elements were strongly associated with the reactive Fe and acid volatile sulfide (AVS) fractions, suggesting that trace elements …
Alteration Of Groundwater And Sediment Geochemistry In A Sulfidic Backswamp Due To Melaleuca Quinquenervia Encroachment, Scott G. Johnston, Peter G. Slavich, Phillip Hirst
Alteration Of Groundwater And Sediment Geochemistry In A Sulfidic Backswamp Due To Melaleuca Quinquenervia Encroachment, Scott G. Johnston, Peter G. Slavich, Phillip Hirst
Professor Scott G Johnston
Extensive encroachment of the native tree species Melaleuca quinquenervia (Cav.) Blake has occurred on a coastal floodplain sulfidic backswamp in eastern Australia. Almost 50% of the open swamp area c. 1870 is now monospecific M. quinquenervia forest. Encroachment has been associated with shortened hydroperiods and land management changes following drainage for agriculture. Large differences to shallow groundwater and sediment geochemistry were observed beneath both individual M. quinquenervia trees and encroaching forests compared to open swamp. Groundwater beneath M. quinquenervia had enhanced titratable acidity and acidic metal cations, increased concentrations of other ionic species (Cl–, SO42–), altered ionic ratios, and increased …