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Articles 1 - 30 of 58
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Electrical Detection Of Mechanical Resonance In Nanotubes And Semiconducting Nanowires, Doyl Dickel
Electrical Detection Of Mechanical Resonance In Nanotubes And Semiconducting Nanowires, Doyl Dickel
All Dissertations
In recent years, there has been substantial interest in the development of microelectro-mechanical systems (MEMS) and even nanoelectro-mechanical systems (NEMS) for use in a wide variety of applications both as experimental tools (refs) and in a continuing effort to decrease the size and cost and increase the efficiency of electrical components. In particular, cantilevered nanometer beams have been a recent focus due to a number of interesting properties, including enhanced field emission, high tensile strength, and piezoelectric properties. The ability to accurately determine the electrical and mechanical properties of these cantilevers is paramount in assessing their feasibility as MEMS and …
Mechanical And Modular Verification Condition Generation For Object-Based Software, Heather Harton
Mechanical And Modular Verification Condition Generation For Object-Based Software, Heather Harton
All Dissertations
The foundational goal of this work is the development of mechanizable proof rules and a verification condition generator based on those rules for modern software. The verification system will be modular so that it is possible to verify the implementation of a component relying upon only the specifications of underlying components that are reused. The system must enable full behavioral verification. The proof rules used to generate verification conditions (VCs) of correctness must be amenable to automation. While automation requires software developers to annotate implementations with assertions, it should not require assistance in the proofs. This research has led to …
Relating Land Cover And Channel Morphology To Stream Flow Function In The Lower Pee Dee Watershed, South Carolina, Zachary Smoot
Relating Land Cover And Channel Morphology To Stream Flow Function In The Lower Pee Dee Watershed, South Carolina, Zachary Smoot
All Theses
The South Carolina Pee Dee Project (SCPDP) aims to develop a method for the determination of Minimum Allowable Flows (MAFs) in streams in the Pee Dee region. This study is a portion of the larger SCPDP, focusing primarily upon analyses of geomorphic and hydrologic processes, as well as landscape and habitat analyses. Specific objectives include: 1) To distinguish the effect of various land cover classes and scales of analyses on components of stream flow function; 2) To determine trends in hydraulic geometry (regional curves) for the SCPDP region; and 3) To determine what measures of stream flow function, stream geomorphology, …
Single Particle And Ensemble Spectroscopy Of Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles And Their Development For Photodynamic Therapy, Jennifer Grimland
Single Particle And Ensemble Spectroscopy Of Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles And Their Development For Photodynamic Therapy, Jennifer Grimland
All Dissertations
Energy transport in conjugated polymers is the combination of energy transfer and exciton diffusion. There is considerable ongoing research in this field, converging to develop better organic photovoltaics, polymer light emitting diodes (PLEDs) and organic solar cells, to name a few. One way these phenomena can be explored is by doing solution dependent studies on conjugated polymer nanoparticles. With experiments on CP dots in an aqueous solution and the addition of a water miscible organic solvent in varying concentrations, dynamics occurring in the folding process can be better understood, and also exciton and fluorescence quenching properties can be extracted as …
The Design & Implementation Of An Abstract Semantic Graph For Statement-Level Dynamic Analysis Of C++ Applications, Edward Duffy
The Design & Implementation Of An Abstract Semantic Graph For Statement-Level Dynamic Analysis Of C++ Applications, Edward Duffy
All Dissertations
In this thesis, we describe our system, Hylian, for statement-level analysis,
both static and dynamic, of a C++ application. We begin by extending the
GNU gcc parser to generate parse trees in XML format for each of the
compilation units in a C++ application. We then provide verification that the
generated parse trees are structurally equivalent to the code in the
original C++
application. We use the generated parse trees, together with an augmented
version of the gcc test suite, to recover a grammar for the C++ dialect that
we parse. We use the recovered grammar to generate a schema …
The Toxicity Of Carbon Nanotubes To Daphnia Magna, Aaron Edgington
The Toxicity Of Carbon Nanotubes To Daphnia Magna, Aaron Edgington
All Dissertations
A particle is classified as nano in size if it has at least one dimension less than 100 nm which gives them chemical and physical characteristics that are different from the bulk material. Over the last twenty years nanotechnology has exploded as an industry. It has been estimated that there are 1000 consumer products on the market today that contain nanomaterials and 2 million jobs worldwide will be devoted directly to nanotechnology research, development, and product manufacturing by 2015. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can be visualized as sheets of graphene rolled into a cylinder. Carbon nanotubes small diameter (nanometer scale) and …
Data-Intensive Computing For Bioinformatics Using Virtualization Technologies And Hpc Infrastructures, Pengfei Xuan
Data-Intensive Computing For Bioinformatics Using Virtualization Technologies And Hpc Infrastructures, Pengfei Xuan
All Theses
The bioinformatics applications often involve many computational components and massive data sets, which are very difficult to be deployed on a single computing machine. In this thesis, we designed a data-intensive computing platform for bioinformatics applications using virtualization technologies and high performance computing (HPC) infrastructures with the concept of multi-tier architecture, which can seamlessly integrate the web user interface (presentation tier), scientific workflow (logic tier) and computing infrastructure (data/computing tier). We demonstrated our platform on two bioinformatics projects. First, we redesigned and deployed the cotton marker database (CMD) (http://www.cottonmarker.org), a centralized web portal in the cotton research community, using the …
Investigation Of A Novel Method For Polonium-210 Determination In Groundwater, Tara Matheny
Investigation Of A Novel Method For Polonium-210 Determination In Groundwater, Tara Matheny
All Theses
A novel method was investigated for the quantification of 210Po in water as an alternative to the standard method of spontaneous plating onto Ag disks followed by quantification with an alpha spectrometer. The novel method concentrated a 0.5L sample by MnO2 co-precipitation followed by dissolution of the precipitate into a solution. Polonium-210 was separated from the solution and quantified in a column containing a 50:50 by volume mixture of Pb resin (Eichrom Technologies, Inc.) mixed with granulated CaF2:Eu scintillator. The column containing 210Po is quantified on a liquid scintillation counter without the introduction of liquid cocktail. The minimum detectable concentration …
Time-Interval Analysis For Radiation Monitoring, Peng Luo
Time-Interval Analysis For Radiation Monitoring, Peng Luo
All Dissertations
On-line radiation monitoring is essential to the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Environmental Management Science Program for assessing the impact of contaminated media at DOE sites. The goal of on-line radiation monitoring is to quickly detect small or abrupt changes in activity levels in the presence of a significant ambient background. The focus of this research is on developing effective statistical algorithms to meet the goal of on-line monitoring based on time-interval (time-difference between two consecutive radiation pulses) data. Compared to the more commonly used count data which are registered in a fixed count time, time-interval data possess the potential …
A Web-Integrated Environment For Component-Based Software Reasoning, Charles Cook
A Web-Integrated Environment For Component-Based Software Reasoning, Charles Cook
All Theses
This thesis presents the Web IDE, a web-integrated environment for component-based software reasoning. The Web IDE is specifically tailored to emphasize the relationships among various components in component-based software engineering (CBSE) and to facilitate reasoning. It allows students to use RESOLVE, a component-based, integrated specification and programming language, to build components and systems, providing real-time feedback that can be used to reason about the correctness of their component implementations. Real-time interaction and relationship focused component presentation reinforces CBSE and reasoning principles in a way not possible with traditional programming exercises and file management systems.
The Web IDE has gone through …
Electrolyte Incorporation Into Composite Electrodes For Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells And Lithium-Ion Batteries, Jung Oh
All Dissertations
This dissertation describes research on the preparation and characterization of composite electrodes for use in proton-exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells and lithium ion batteries. The general focus of the research was on high-surface-area carbon supports for platinum catalysts in fuel cells, and integration of electrolytes, particularly fluoropolymer electrolytes, into composite electrodes both batteries and fuel cells. Results are described for work in the following three specific topical areas.
1. Carbon nanofibers for use as platinum (Pt) catalyst supports in fuel cells were prepared by carbonization of electrospun acrylic fibers. The resulting carbon nanofibers were found to contain mainly micropores. Following …
Bases And Applications Of Riemann-Roch Spaces Of Function Fields With Many Rational Places, Justin Peachey
Bases And Applications Of Riemann-Roch Spaces Of Function Fields With Many Rational Places, Justin Peachey
All Dissertations
Algebraic geometry codes are generalizations of Reed-Solomon codes, which are implemented in nearly all digital communication devices. In ground-breaking work, Tsfasman, Vladut, and Zink showed the existence of a sequence of algebraic geometry codes that exceed the Gilbert-Varshamov bound, which was previously thought unbeatable. More recently, it has been shown that multipoint algebraic geometry codes can outperform comparable one-point algebraic geometry codes. In both cases, it is desirable that these function fields have many rational places. The prototypical example of such a function field is the Hermitian function field which is maximal. In 2003, Geil produced a new family of …
Modification And Characterization Of Fluorescent Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles For Single Molecule Detection, Yueli Zheng
Modification And Characterization Of Fluorescent Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles For Single Molecule Detection, Yueli Zheng
All Dissertations
Single molecule tracking using fluorescent dye or nanoparticle labels has emerged as a useful technique for probing biomolecular processes. Considerable interest arises in the development of nanoparticle labels with brighter fluorescence in order to improve the spatial and temporal resolution of single molecule detection and to facilitate the application of single molecule detection methods to a wider range of intracellular processes. The McNeill laboratory recently reported that conjugated polymer nanoparticles exhibit fluorescence cross-sections roughly 10-100 times higher than other luminescent nanoparticles of similar size, excellent photostability (2.2×108 photons emitted per nanoparticle prior to photobleaching), and saturated emission rates roughly 100 …
Fractal Jackson Networks, Mahmoud Rezaei
Fractal Jackson Networks, Mahmoud Rezaei
All Dissertations
In this dissertation, Gaussian random measures that arise as limits of Jackson networks. The support of the random measure is a fractal having Hausdorff dimension delta . The variance measure is the Hausdorff measure also of dimension delta.
Prevention Of Iron- And Copper-Mediated Oxidative Dna Damage By Neurotransmmitters And Related Compounds: Evidence For Metal Binding As An Antioxidant Mechanism, Carla Garcia
All Theses
An array of health concerns have been attributed to oxidative DNA damage from the hydroxyl radical (*OH), and the presence of the most biologically available metals iron and copper perpetuate the production of this radical through the Fenton and Fenton-like reactions, respectively. The concentrations at which flavonol and polyphenol antioxidants prevent 50% of DNA damage (IC50) were measured using gel electrophoresis assays upon Fe(II)/H2O2- and Cu(I)/H2O2-mediated DNA damage (Chapter 2). Results show that catechol- and gallol-containing antioxidants differ greatly in preventing DNA damage by Cu(I)/H2O2, compared to Fe(II)/H2O2, behavior that was explained using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. Semiquinone and other …
Rigging And Texturing Considerations For The Short Film Spider Fight, Casey Johnson
Rigging And Texturing Considerations For The Short Film Spider Fight, Casey Johnson
All Theses
This paper delves into two separate production areas of the short film, Spider Fight: the approach used to solve the problem of rigging eyelids for 3d characters, and the pipelines that were implemented for texturing 3d assets. Typically, problems exist in the rigging of eyelids for 3d characters. Productions rely on a series of blend shapes, or a combination of joints and blend shapes, to produce satisfactory eyelid movement. Spider Fight, however, used a series of curves and joints to control the movement of the eyelids, which allowed a high degree of control over eyelid movement, and also fast editing …
Semifluorinated Aromatic Ether Polymers Segmented With Polyethylene Glycol (Peg), Dakarai Brown
Semifluorinated Aromatic Ether Polymers Segmented With Polyethylene Glycol (Peg), Dakarai Brown
All Dissertations
Aromatic trifluorovinyl ether (TFVE) monomers are the precursors for perfluorocyclobutyl (PFCB) aryl ether polymers and fluoroethylene/vinylene alkyl/aryl ether (FAE) polymers. PFCB aryl ether polymers are prepared by 2π + 2π cycloaddition of aromatic TFVE monomers. FAE polymers are prepared by nucleophilic addition of dual functional aryl or alkyl alcohols to aryl TFVE monomers. PFCB aryl ether and FAE polymers are amorphous, have excellent processability, high thermal stability, optical clarity, and tunability using a variety of (co)monomers. In this dissertation several novel monomers, polymers, and blends were prepared by incorporation of polyethylene glycol (PEG) or PEG precursors.
Chapter 1 contains the …
Effects Of Surface States, Defects And Dopants On The Optical And Magnetic Properties Of Low-Dimensional Materials, Ramakrishna Podila
Effects Of Surface States, Defects And Dopants On The Optical And Magnetic Properties Of Low-Dimensional Materials, Ramakrishna Podila
All Dissertations
Nanomaterials have attracted the attention of researchers from various fields due to their unique features (that are otherwise absent in the bulk) such as quantum confinement, high surface to volume ratio, ability for surface modification etc. Since the discovery of fullerenes and carbon nanotubes, several synthesis techniques have been developed for nanomaterial growth. However, different control parameters in different synthesis techniques often result in nanostructures with varying defects that may alter their fundamental behavior. Such defects or disorder in the crystal lattice can lead to the disruption of lattice symmetry. The defect-induced symmetry lowering (or breaking) effects play a vital …
A Theoretical Investigation Examining Dna Conformational Changes And Their Effects On Glycosylase Function, Allyn Brice
A Theoretical Investigation Examining Dna Conformational Changes And Their Effects On Glycosylase Function, Allyn Brice
All Dissertations
Glycosylase enzymes initiate the process of base excision repair (BER) in order to prevent the irreversible modification of the genome. In the BER process a damaged DNA base is recognized, removed from the DNA sequence, and then the remaining abasic site is repaired. Glycosylase enzymes are responsible for the base recognition mechanism and catalysis of the base excision. One of the most studied glycosylase superfamilies is uracil DNA glycosylase (UDG). The UDG superfamily has demonstrated specificity for excising uracil, which is the deamination product of cytosine, from DNA sequences of prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Mismatch-specific uracil DNA glycosylase (MUG) is a …
Biological And Ecological Responses To Carbon-Based Nanomaterials, Tatsiana Ratnikova
Biological And Ecological Responses To Carbon-Based Nanomaterials, Tatsiana Ratnikova
All Dissertations
Nanotechnology has been undergoing tremendous development in recent decades, driven by realized perceived applications of nanomaterials in electronics, therapeutics, imaging, sensing, environmental remediation, and consumer products. Along with these developments there have been increased evidences that engineered nanomaterials are often associated with hazardous effects they invoke in biological and ecosystems through intentional designs or unintentional discharge. Consequently there is a crucial need for documenting and understanding the interactions between nanoparticles and biological and ecosystems. This dissertation is aimed at bridging such a knowledge gap by examining the biological and ecological responses to carbon nanoparticles, a major class of nanomaterials which …
Bridging The Gap Between Structures And Properties: An Investigation And Evaluation Of Students' Representational Competence, Sonia Underwood
Bridging The Gap Between Structures And Properties: An Investigation And Evaluation Of Students' Representational Competence, Sonia Underwood
All Dissertations
The heart of learning chemistry is the ability to connect a compound's structure to its function; Lewis structures provide an essential link in this process. In many cases, their construction is taught using an algorithmic approach, containing a set of step-by-step rules. We believe that this approach is in direct conflict with the precepts of meaningful learning. From a sequential, mixed methods study, we found that students have much difficulty constructing these structures and that the step-by-step rules do not make use of students' relevant prior knowledge. This causes students to develop 'home grown' rules when unsure of how to …
Pseudocodewords Of Parity-Check Codes, Wittawat Kositwattanarerk
Pseudocodewords Of Parity-Check Codes, Wittawat Kositwattanarerk
All Dissertations
The success of modern algorithms for the decoding problem such as message-passing iterative decoding and linear programming decoding lies in their local nature. This feature allows the algorithms to be extremely fast and capable of correcting more errors than guaranteed by the classical minimum distance of the code. Nonetheless, the performance of these decoders depends crucially on the Tanner graph representation of the code. In order to understand this choice of representation, we need to analyze the pseudocodewords of the Tanner graph of a code. These pseudocodewords are outputs of local decoding algorithms which may not be legitimate codewords. In …
Assessing The Influence Of Hemlock Mortality On Streams Due To Hemlock Woolly Adelgid Infestation, Celestine Che
Assessing The Influence Of Hemlock Mortality On Streams Due To Hemlock Woolly Adelgid Infestation, Celestine Che
All Theses
For the past 30 years eastern hemlock forests in the US have been declining rapidly due to damage caused by a destructive exotic insect pest, the hemlock woolly adelgid, Adelges tsugae Annand (Homoptera: Adelgidae), a native of the Far East. The impact of the loss of hemlocks, which occur naturally in cool hillside and ravine environments along streams, is poorly understood. The loss of these trees has the potential to cause significant environmental disturbance by changing energy inputs into streams, stream microclimates, and aquatic macroinvertebrate communities.
In May 2009, after hemlock mortality due to A. tsugae was already severe, I …
Combining Procedural And Hand Modeling Techniques For Creating Animated Digital 3d Natural Environments, Hubert Smith
Combining Procedural And Hand Modeling Techniques For Creating Animated Digital 3d Natural Environments, Hubert Smith
All Theses
This thesis focuses on a systematic solution for rendering 3D photorealistic natural environments using Maya's procedural methods and ZBrush. The methods used in this thesis started with comparing two industry specific procedural applications, Vue and Maya's Paint Effects, to determine which is better suited for applying animated procedural effects with the highest level of fidelity and expandability. Generated objects from Paint Effects contained the highest potential through object attributes, texturing and lighting. To optimize results further, compatibility with sculpting programs such as ZBrush are required to sculpt higher levels of detail. The final combination workflow produces results used in the …
Social And Spatial Relationships Driving Landowner Attitudes Towards Aquatic Conservation, Samuel Chambers
Social And Spatial Relationships Driving Landowner Attitudes Towards Aquatic Conservation, Samuel Chambers
All Theses
Because of a gap between the science and practice of conservation planning, it has been suggested that there is a need for better understanding of the social systems within which conservation projects are embedded. Given that more than half of the land in the United States is privately owned and that private land covers the majority of the mapped endangered species habitat, understanding attitudes of private landowners towards biodiversity conservation may help to bridge the science-practice gap. Aquatic biodiversity is particularly imperiled throughout the world; in the United States headwater streams and small, isolated wetlands receive little protection through regulations …
Biomarkers In The Lower Huron Shale (Upper Devonain) As Indicators Of Organic Matter Source, Depositional Environment, And Thermal Maturity, John Kroon
All Theses
The Lower Huron Shale (Upper Devonian) is considered the largest shale gas reservoir in the Big Sandy Field in Kentucky and West Virginia. The potential for gas shales, such as the Lower Huron, to produce natural gas is a function of type, amount, and thermal maturation of their organic matter. Twenty-one Lower Huron Shale samples from eight wells located in eastern Kentucky and southern West Virginia were analyzed for biomarker content to interpret biological source of organic matter, depositional environment conditions, and thermal maturity. The following biomarkers were identified: n-alkanes (C15 to C31), pristane (Pr), phytane (Ph), steranes (αααR, (αααS, …
Inference In Reversible Markov Chains, Tara Steuber
Inference In Reversible Markov Chains, Tara Steuber
All Dissertations
This dissertation describes the research that we have done concerning
reversible Markov chains. We first present definitions for what it means
for a Markov chain to be reversible. We then give applications of where
reversible Markov chains are used and give a brief history of Markov chain
inference. Finally, two journal articles are found in the paper, one that
is already published and another which is currently being submitted.
The first article examines estimation of the one-step-ahead
transition probabilities in a reversible Markov chain on a countable state
space. A symmetrized moment estimator is proposed that exploits the
reversible structure. …
Downstream Resource Allocation In Docsis 3.0 Channel Bonded Networks, Scott Moser
Downstream Resource Allocation In Docsis 3.0 Channel Bonded Networks, Scott Moser
All Dissertations
Modern broadband internet access cable systems follow the Data Over Cable System Interface Specification (DOCSIS) for data transfer between the individual cable modem (CM) and the Internet. The newest version of DOCSIS, version 3.0, provides an abstraction referred to as bonding groups to help manage bandwidth and to increase bandwidth to each user beyond that available within a single 6MHz. television channel. Channel bonding allows more than one channel to be used by a CM to provide a virtual channel of much greater bandwidth. This combining of channels into bonding groups, especially when channels overlap between more than one bonding …
Conjugated Polymers And Inter-Chromophore Interactions: Synthesis, Photophysical Characterization And Application, Anshuman Mangalum
Conjugated Polymers And Inter-Chromophore Interactions: Synthesis, Photophysical Characterization And Application, Anshuman Mangalum
All Dissertations
Ever since the discovery of conducting polymers (CPs)in the late 1970s, organic conjugated materials and polymers is one of the most popular and fascinating research area among the scientists due to the remarkably unique properties and broad range of applications of (CPs), notably organic photovoltaic (OPVs), organic or polymer based light emitting devices (OLEDs / PLEDs), field effect transistors (FETs), nonlinear optical (NLO) devices and sensor for biologically relevant analytes, metal ions and anions. Optical properties of these materials depend on intra / interchromophoric interaction, geometry and relative orientation in space. Detailed study of such materials can also help us …
Risks Posed To Drinking Water Aquifers Due To Leakage Of Dissolved Co2 In Improperly Abandoned Wellbores, Kirk Ellison
Risks Posed To Drinking Water Aquifers Due To Leakage Of Dissolved Co2 In Improperly Abandoned Wellbores, Kirk Ellison
All Theses
In order to ensure safe long-term storage of carbon dioxide in geologic formations, the risks posed by improperly abandoned wells must be understood and minimalized. In addition to supercritical and gaseous CO2, brine containing dissolved CO2 poses a leakage risk. CO2 dissolution in brine leads to denser brine and better long-term storage security, but its leakage risk is not zero. Under specific circumstances with formation overpressure or overlying aquifer drawdown, dissolved brine can flow up improperly abandoned wells where it can potentially enter and contaminate drinking water aquifers. The possibility that depressurization in the wellbore may cause CO2 exsolution from …