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Articles 1 - 18 of 18
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Satellite Evidence Of Canopy-Height Dependence Of Forest Drought Resistance In Southwestern China, Peipei Xu, Wei Fang, Tao Zhou, Hu Li, Xiang Zhao, Spencer Berman, Ting Zhang, Chuixiang Yi
Satellite Evidence Of Canopy-Height Dependence Of Forest Drought Resistance In Southwestern China, Peipei Xu, Wei Fang, Tao Zhou, Hu Li, Xiang Zhao, Spencer Berman, Ting Zhang, Chuixiang Yi
Publications and Research
The frequency and intensity of drought events are increasing with warming climate, which has resulted in worldwide forest mortality. Previous studies have reached a general consensus on the size-dependency of forest resistance to drought, but further understanding at a local scale remains ambiguous with conflicting evidence. In this study, we assessed the impact of canopy height on forest drought resistance in the broadleaf deciduous forest of southwestern China for the 2010 extreme drought event using linear regression and a random forest (RF) model. Drought condition was quantified with standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) and drought resistance was measured with the …
Analysis Of Surface Temperature Trends Of Global Lakes Using Satellite Remote Sensing And In Situ Observations, Christal Jean Soverall, Zahida Yasmin, Mahoutin Godnou, Wen Yong Huang, Ryan Chen, Abdou Bah, Hamidreza Norouzi, Reginald Blake
Analysis Of Surface Temperature Trends Of Global Lakes Using Satellite Remote Sensing And In Situ Observations, Christal Jean Soverall, Zahida Yasmin, Mahoutin Godnou, Wen Yong Huang, Ryan Chen, Abdou Bah, Hamidreza Norouzi, Reginald Blake
Publications and Research
Even though lakes make up a small percentage of the water bodies on the global land surface, lakes provide critically important ecosystem services. Unfortunately, however, several lake surface areas around the globe have been changing with many of them drastically decreasing due to climate variability and local mismanagement at the basin-scale level. Lake Surface Water Temperature (LSWT) is recognized as a critical indicator of climate change in lakes. The changes in water and the surrounding land temperatures may be an indicator of climate variability if there is consistency between changes in both temperatures. This project focuses on the application of …
Impacts Of Stress On Forest Recovery And Its Interaction With Canopy Height, Peipei Xu, Tao Zhou, Chuixiang Yi, Hui Luo, Xiang Zhao, Wei Fang, Shan Gao, Xia Liu
Impacts Of Stress On Forest Recovery And Its Interaction With Canopy Height, Peipei Xu, Tao Zhou, Chuixiang Yi, Hui Luo, Xiang Zhao, Wei Fang, Shan Gao, Xia Liu
Publications and Research
Global climate change is leading to an increase in the frequency, intensity, and duration of drought events, which can affect the functioning of forest ecosystems. Because human activities such as afforestation and forest attributes such as canopy height may exhibit considerable spatial differences, such differences may alter the recovery paths of drought-impacted forests. To accurately assess how climate affects forest recovery, a quantitative evaluation on the effects of forest attributes and their possible interaction with the intensity of water stress is required. Here, forest recovery following extreme drought events was analyzed for Yunnan Province, southwest China. The variation in the …
Development Of Geospatial And Temporal Characteristics For Hispaniola’S Lake Azuei And Enriquillo Using Landsat Imagery, Mahrokh Moknatian, Michael Piasecki, Jorge Gonzalez
Development Of Geospatial And Temporal Characteristics For Hispaniola’S Lake Azuei And Enriquillo Using Landsat Imagery, Mahrokh Moknatian, Michael Piasecki, Jorge Gonzalez
Publications and Research
In this paper, we used Landsat imagery for water body identification to create a novel 36-year surface area extent time series for lakes Azuei (Haiti) and Enriquillo (Dominican Republic) aimed at illuminating the dramatic temporal changes of these two lakes not just at yearly but at monthly or even sub-monthly scales. We used the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) to extract water features and we also used spatial differentiation and thresholding techniques to remove clouds and associated shadows from the scene that were then passed through gap filling algorithms to complete and extract the lake extent polygons. We also explored …
Estimating The Probability Of Vegetation To Be Groundwater Dependent Based On The Evaluation Of Tree Models, Isabel C. Pérez Hoyos, Nir Y. Krakauer, Reza Khanbilvardi
Estimating The Probability Of Vegetation To Be Groundwater Dependent Based On The Evaluation Of Tree Models, Isabel C. Pérez Hoyos, Nir Y. Krakauer, Reza Khanbilvardi
Publications and Research
Groundwater Dependent Ecosystems (GDEs) are increasingly threatened by humans’ rising demand for water resources. Consequently, it is imperative to identify the location of GDEs to protect them. This paper develops a methodology to identify the probability of an ecosystem to be groundwater dependent. Probabilities are obtained by modeling the relationship between the known locations of GDEs and factors influencing groundwater dependence, namely water table depth and climatic aridity index. Probabilities are derived for the state of Nevada, USA, using modeled water table depth and aridity index values obtained from the Global Aridity database. The model selected results from the performance …
A Review Of Advances In The Identification And Characterization Of Groundwater Dependent Ecosystems Using Geospatial Technologies, Isabel C. Pérez Hoyos, Nir Y. Krakauer, Reza Khanbilvardi, Roy A. Armstrong
A Review Of Advances In The Identification And Characterization Of Groundwater Dependent Ecosystems Using Geospatial Technologies, Isabel C. Pérez Hoyos, Nir Y. Krakauer, Reza Khanbilvardi, Roy A. Armstrong
Publications and Research
Groundwater Dependent Ecosystem (GDE) protection is increasingly being recognized as essential for the sustainable management and allocation of water resources. GDE services are crucial for human well-being and for a variety of flora and fauna. However, the conservation of GDEs is only possible if knowledge about their location and extent is available. Several studies have focused on the identification of GDEs at specific locations using ground-based measurements. However, recent progress in remote sensing technologies and their integration with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) has provided alternative ways to map GDEs at a much larger spatial extent. This paper presents a review …
Separation Of Soil Evaporation And Vegetation Transpiration By Modis Data For Central And Northern China, Tingting Li, Jinhui Jeanne Huang
Separation Of Soil Evaporation And Vegetation Transpiration By Modis Data For Central And Northern China, Tingting Li, Jinhui Jeanne Huang
International Conference on Hydroinformatics
Evapotranspiration(ET) plays a crucial role in the hydrologic system. To estimate evapotranspiration quantitatively in a large scale, remote sensing data has been used in a number of models and shows its applicability in the estimation of evapotranspiration. In this paper, evapotranspiration for central and northern China was derived from MODIS data. In arid and semi-arid regions, soil evaporation can be considered as the minimum water requirement for bare area, while evapotranspiration can be considered as the minimum water demand for the area covered by vegetation. Hence the separation of soil evaporation and vegetation transpiration is valuable for efficient water resources …
Moving Horizon Estimation To Assimilate Snow And Soil Moisture Data Into The Hbv Hydrological Model, Rodolfo Alvarado Montero, Dirk Schwanenberg, Peter Krahe, Aynur Şensoy
Moving Horizon Estimation To Assimilate Snow And Soil Moisture Data Into The Hbv Hydrological Model, Rodolfo Alvarado Montero, Dirk Schwanenberg, Peter Krahe, Aynur Şensoy
International Conference on Hydroinformatics
We present a variational data assimilation approach based on a Moving Horizon Estimation (MHE) applied to the HBV hydrological model. This framework enables the modification of the model inputs precipitation and temperature as well as the model states soil moisture, upper zone storage and lower zone storage. It considers data products for snow cover, snow water equivalent and soil moisture and observed streamflow. The performance of the framework is evaluated for three test sites: i) the data–dense catchment of the upper Main River (2419 km2), Germany, for which the HBV model already produces excellent results, ii) a comparable upstream catchment …
Graphic User Interface To Preprocess Landsat Tm, Etm+ And Oli Images For Hydrological Applications, Rafael Pimentel, Javier Herrero, María José Polo
Graphic User Interface To Preprocess Landsat Tm, Etm+ And Oli Images For Hydrological Applications, Rafael Pimentel, Javier Herrero, María José Polo
International Conference on Hydroinformatics
Remote sensing techniques are powerful tools for the validation and data assimilation of GIS-based calculations of physical and distributed hydrological models. The high spatial resolution of Landsat TM, ETM+ and OLI, make this the most adequate satellite images for the study of hydrological processes in Mediterranean regions. Several levels of preprocessing are required to obtain validated reflectance values from these images. Generally, these steps include radiometric calibrations and an atmospheric correction. However, over complex terrain and for specific land covers such as snow, certain problems related to radiometric saturation and shadow effects must also be taken into account. This work …
Research And Application On The Coupled Method Of Remote-Sensing And Ground-Monitoring Of Reservoir Storage Capacity, He Zhu, Hongli Zhao, Yunzhong Jiang, Li Wang
Research And Application On The Coupled Method Of Remote-Sensing And Ground-Monitoring Of Reservoir Storage Capacity, He Zhu, Hongli Zhao, Yunzhong Jiang, Li Wang
International Conference on Hydroinformatics
Reservoir storage capacity monitoring is the basis of reservoir operation. The relationship curves of reservoir water level-area and water level-capacity are the significant parameters of storage capacity calculation. With the long-term operation, both on the bottom and bank of the reservoir have erosion and deposition, causing the relationship of water level-area and level-storage changes, which leads to inaccuracy of reservoir storage capacity calculation with the original curves. It is costly to revise the curves of reservoir water level-area and water level-capacity by ground measurement termly. A coupled Method of Remote-sensing and Ground-monitoring of Reservoir Storage Capacity is proposed in this …
Automated Meter Reading For Water Demand Forecast And Hydraulic Modelling Of The Municipal Water Distribution System In Mikołów, Poland, Patryk Wójtowicz, Andrzej Pawlak, Jan Studziński
Automated Meter Reading For Water Demand Forecast And Hydraulic Modelling Of The Municipal Water Distribution System In Mikołów, Poland, Patryk Wójtowicz, Andrzej Pawlak, Jan Studziński
International Conference on Hydroinformatics
This paper presents preliminary results of a project aimed at utilising automated meter reading (AMR) system for water demand forecasting and hydraulic modelling of Mikołów (Poland) water distribution system. This system will allow for near-real time collection of hydraulic data. Accurate estimation and prediction of the demand patterns of the customers is a crucial element affecting accuracy of hydraulic model. AMR will be used to analyse the behaviour of individual household-based water consumption. Calibration and validation of the model will be realised by combining existing SCADA system and mobile (temporary) measurement points. Total length of the main water distribution system …
Empirical Regression Model Using Ndvi, Meteorological Factors For Estimation Of Wheat Yield In Yunnan, China, Jing Huang, Qiang Dai, Huimin Wang, Dawei Han
Empirical Regression Model Using Ndvi, Meteorological Factors For Estimation Of Wheat Yield In Yunnan, China, Jing Huang, Qiang Dai, Huimin Wang, Dawei Han
International Conference on Hydroinformatics
Crop yield estimation is of great importance to food security. NDVI, as an effective crop monitoring tool, is extensively used in crop yield estimation. However there are few studies conducted in the regions where mixed crops are grown. In this study, a statistical approach for crop area identification is proposed and applied to wheat in Jianshui County in the Nanpan River Basin, Yunnan Province of China. Based on the correlation analysis between MODIS NDVI data and crop yield, the planting areas are identified, as well as the best periods for a reliable estimation. Regression models are presented to predict the …
On The Importance Of Remote Sensing Data To Validate A Distributed Dynamic Vegetation Model Applied To A Semi-Arid Basin, Félix Francés, Guiomar Ruiz-Pérez, Marta Pasquato, Chiara Medici, María González-Sanchis, Tarcísio J. G. Fernandes, Antonio Molina, Antonio D. Del Campo
On The Importance Of Remote Sensing Data To Validate A Distributed Dynamic Vegetation Model Applied To A Semi-Arid Basin, Félix Francés, Guiomar Ruiz-Pérez, Marta Pasquato, Chiara Medici, María González-Sanchis, Tarcísio J. G. Fernandes, Antonio Molina, Antonio D. Del Campo
International Conference on Hydroinformatics
Efforts to better understand the components of catchments’ water balance have traditionally been one of the objectives of the hydrological community. Very few hydrological models incorporate vegetation development as state variable. This is beginning to change with the recognition by the hydrological community that biological processes play a key role in catchment’s water balance. In addition, some studies confirm that vegetation density controls most of hydrological processes in semi-arid regions. However, the most of the dynamic vegetation models are too complex to be coupled with hydrological models and they incorporate variables and inputs which are difficult to be estimated across …
Monitoring Spatiotemporal Total Organic Carbon Concentrations In Lake Mead With Integrated Data Fusion And Mining (Idfm) Technique, Sanaz Imen, Ni-Bin Chang, Y. Jeffrey Yang
Monitoring Spatiotemporal Total Organic Carbon Concentrations In Lake Mead With Integrated Data Fusion And Mining (Idfm) Technique, Sanaz Imen, Ni-Bin Chang, Y. Jeffrey Yang
International Conference on Hydroinformatics
Forest fires, soil erosion, and land use changes in Lake Mead watershed nearby Las Vegas wash are considered as sources of water quality impairment in the Lake Mead. These conditions result in higher concentration of Total Organic Carbon (TOC). TOC in contact with Chlorine which is often used for disinfection purposes of drinking water supply causes the formation of trihalomethanes (THMs). THM is one of the toxic carcinogens controlled by EPA’s Disinfection By-Product Rule. As a result of threat posed to drinking water of 25 million people downstream, recreation area, and wildlife habitat of Lake Mead, it is necessary to …
Precipitation Forecasting With Wavelet-Based Empirical Orthogonal Function And Artificial Neural Network (Weof-Ann) Model, Sanaz Imen, Ni-Bin Chang, Y. Jeffrey Yang
Precipitation Forecasting With Wavelet-Based Empirical Orthogonal Function And Artificial Neural Network (Weof-Ann) Model, Sanaz Imen, Ni-Bin Chang, Y. Jeffrey Yang
International Conference on Hydroinformatics
Western drought began since 2000 caused sharp decrease by about 100 feet in the largest reservoir of North America, Lake Mead due to the precipitation pattern shift in the upstream lower Virgin River Basin. Oceans play an important role on earth’s climate via oceanic-atmospheric interactions known as climate teleconnections, which deeply affect the terrestrial precipitation patterns. This issue signifies the necessity of developing a modern hydroinformatics tool - precipitation forecasting model - to account for teleconnection signals from climate change and mitigate drought hazards impact on lake water, quantitatively and qualitatively, which cannot be achieved by using traditional Global Circulation …
Assessing The Performance Of A Northern Gulf Of Mexico Tidal Model Using Satellite Imagery, Stephen C. Medeiros, Scott C. Hagen, Naira Chaouch, Jesse Feyen, Marouane Temimi, John F. Weishampel, Yuji Funakoshi, Reza Khanbilvardi
Assessing The Performance Of A Northern Gulf Of Mexico Tidal Model Using Satellite Imagery, Stephen C. Medeiros, Scott C. Hagen, Naira Chaouch, Jesse Feyen, Marouane Temimi, John F. Weishampel, Yuji Funakoshi, Reza Khanbilvardi
Publications and Research
Tidal harmonic analysis simulations along with simulations spanning four specific historical time periods in 2003 and 2004 were conducted to test the performance of a northern Gulf of Mexico tidal model. A recently developed method for detecting inundated areas based on integrated remotely sensed data (i.e., Radarsat-1, aerial imagery, LiDAR, Landsat 7 ETM+) was applied to assess the performance of the tidal model. The analysis demonstrates the applicability of the method and its agreement with traditional performance assessment techniques such as harmonic resynthesis and water level time series analysis. Based on the flooded/non-flooded coastal areas estimated by the integrated remotely …
Remote Sensing Of Soil Moisture In Vineyards Using Airborne And Ground-Based Thermal Inertia Data, Aiman Soliman, Richard J. Heck, Alexander Brenning, Ralph Brown, Stephen Miller
Remote Sensing Of Soil Moisture In Vineyards Using Airborne And Ground-Based Thermal Inertia Data, Aiman Soliman, Richard J. Heck, Alexander Brenning, Ralph Brown, Stephen Miller
Publications and Research
Thermal remote sensing of soil moisture in vineyards is a challenge. The grass-covered soil, in addition to a standing grape canopy, create complex patterns of heating and cooling and increase the surface temperature variability between vine rows. In this study, we evaluate the strength of relationships between soil moisture, mechanical resistance and thermal inertia calculated from the drop of surface temperature during a clear sky night over a vineyard in the Niagara region. We utilized data from two sensors, an airborne thermal camera (height ≈ 500 m a.g.l.) and a handheld thermal gun (height ≈ 1 m a.g.l.), to explore …
A Handheld Polarimeter For Aerosol Remote Sensing, James W. Frost, Fouad Nasraddine, J. Rodriguez, I. Andino, Brian Cairns
A Handheld Polarimeter For Aerosol Remote Sensing, James W. Frost, Fouad Nasraddine, J. Rodriguez, I. Andino, Brian Cairns
Publications and Research
In this paper we show how measurements made by a simple handheld polarimeter in conjunction with automated sunsky radiometers can be used to effectively constrain the real part of the complex refractive index of aerosols. We find that even measurements over a limited angular range near 90° scattering angle are sufficient for this purpose. We also note that because of the effect of surface reflectance on the observed degree of linear polarization (DOLP) it is sensible to select spectral bands for these measurements for which the surface is relatively dark and homogeneous (i.e. wavelengths shorter than 700 nm are to …