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Articles 1 - 30 of 315
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Geologists As Colonial Scouts: The Rogers Expedition To Otavi And Tsumeb, Namibia, 1892–1895, Selby Hearth
Geologists As Colonial Scouts: The Rogers Expedition To Otavi And Tsumeb, Namibia, 1892–1895, Selby Hearth
Geology Faculty Research and Scholarship
From 1892 to 1895, the South West Africa Company (SWACO) expedition led by geologist Matthew Rogers conducted the first geologic mapping in Namibia’s Otavi Mountains, including the now world-famous Tsumeb Mine. This paper uses archival documents from the Rogers expedition to trace his geologic contributions and to illustrate important themes in the relationships between 19th century colonial geologists, Western colonizing governments, Indigenous communities, resource extraction, and corporations. To carry out his mapping, Rogers performed a continuous balancing act between British and German colonial powers and local African leaders. The local leaders and communities he interacted with variously resisted his incursions, …
Second-Harmonic Signature Of Chiral Spin Structures In W/Pt/Co Heterostructures With Tunable Magnetic Anisotropy, Yang Wang, Ying-Ting Chan, Xiao Wang, Tao Wang, Xuemei Cheng, Weida Wu, John Q. Xiao
Second-Harmonic Signature Of Chiral Spin Structures In W/Pt/Co Heterostructures With Tunable Magnetic Anisotropy, Yang Wang, Ying-Ting Chan, Xiao Wang, Tao Wang, Xuemei Cheng, Weida Wu, John Q. Xiao
Physics Faculty Research and Scholarship
Second-harmonic Hall voltage (SHV) measurement method has been widely used to characterize the strengths of spin–orbit torques (SOTs) in heavy metal/ferromagnet thin films saturated in the single-domain regime. Here, we show that the magnetic anisotropy of a W/Pt/Co trilayer can be robustly tuned from in-plane to out-of-plane by varying W, Pt, or Co thicknesses. Moreover, in samples with easy-cone anisotropy, SHV measurements exhibit anomalous ‘humps’ in the multidomain regime accessed by applying a nearly out-of-plane external magnetic field. These hump features can only be explained as a result of the formation of Néel-type domain walls, efficiently driven by nevertheless small …
Interfacial And Surface Magnetism In Epitaxial Nico2o4(001)/Mgal2o4 Films, Corbyn Mellinger, Xiao Wang, Arjun Subedi, Andy T. Clark, Takashi Komesu, Richard Rosenberg, Peter A. Dowben, Xuemei Cheng, Xiaoshan Xu
Interfacial And Surface Magnetism In Epitaxial Nico2o4(001)/Mgal2o4 Films, Corbyn Mellinger, Xiao Wang, Arjun Subedi, Andy T. Clark, Takashi Komesu, Richard Rosenberg, Peter A. Dowben, Xuemei Cheng, Xiaoshan Xu
Physics Faculty Research and Scholarship
NiCo2O4 (NCO) films grown on MgAl2O4 (001) substrates have been studied using magnetometry, x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) based on x-ray absorption spectroscopy, and spin-polarized inverse photoemission spectroscopy (SPIPES) with various thickness down to 1.6 nm. The magnetic behavior can be understood in terms of a layer of optimal NCO and an interfacial layer (1.2± 0.1 nm), with a small canting of magnetization at the surface. The thickness dependence of the optimal layer can be described by the finite-scaling theory with a critical exponent consistent with the high perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. The interfacial layer couples antiferromagnetically to the optimal layer, …
Reduced Model For Female Endocrine Dynamics: Validation And Functional Variations, Erica Graham, Noémie Elhadad, David Albers
Reduced Model For Female Endocrine Dynamics: Validation And Functional Variations, Erica Graham, Noémie Elhadad, David Albers
Mathematics Faculty Research and Scholarship
A normally functioning menstrual cycle requires significant crosstalk between hormones originating in ovarian and brain tissues. Reproductive hormone dysregulation may cause abnormal function and sometimes infertility. The inherent complexity in this endocrine system is a challenge to identifying mechanisms of cycle disruption, particularly given the large number of unknown parameters in existing mathematical models. We develop a new endocrine model to limit model complexity and use simulated distributions of unknown parameters for model analysis. By employing a comprehensive model evaluation, we identify a collection of mechanisms that differentiate normal and abnormal phenotypes. We also discover an intermediate phenotype—displaying relatively normal …
Rapid Generation Of P(V)-F Bonds Through The Use Of Sulfone Iminium Fluoride Reagents, Lucy P. Miller, James A. Vogel, Shiraz Harel, Jenna M. Krussman, Patrick R. Melvin
Rapid Generation Of P(V)-F Bonds Through The Use Of Sulfone Iminium Fluoride Reagents, Lucy P. Miller, James A. Vogel, Shiraz Harel, Jenna M. Krussman, Patrick R. Melvin
Chemistry Faculty Research and Scholarship
Phosphorus–fluorine bonds have become increasingly relevant in the pharmaceutical industry. To continue their exploration, more efficient synthetic methods are needed. Here, we report the application of sulfone iminium fluoride (SIF) reagents to the synthesis of P(V)–F bonds. The SIF reagents promote the deoxyfluorination of phosphinic acids in just 60 s with excellent yields and scope. The same P(V)–F products can also be synthesized from secondary phosphine oxides using an SIF reagent.
Dative Epitaxy Of Commensurate Monocrystalline Covalent Van Der Waals Moiré Supercrystal, Mengying Bian, Liang Zhu, Xiao Wang, Junho Choi, Rajesh V. Chopdekar, Sichen Wei, Lishu Wu, Chang Huai, Austin Marga, Qishuo Yang, Yuguang C. Li, Fei Yao, Ting Yu, Scott A. Crooker National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Xuemei Cheng, Renat F. Sabirianov, Shengbai Zhang, Junhao Lin, Yanglong Hou, Hao Zeng
Dative Epitaxy Of Commensurate Monocrystalline Covalent Van Der Waals Moiré Supercrystal, Mengying Bian, Liang Zhu, Xiao Wang, Junho Choi, Rajesh V. Chopdekar, Sichen Wei, Lishu Wu, Chang Huai, Austin Marga, Qishuo Yang, Yuguang C. Li, Fei Yao, Ting Yu, Scott A. Crooker National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Xuemei Cheng, Renat F. Sabirianov, Shengbai Zhang, Junhao Lin, Yanglong Hou, Hao Zeng
Physics Faculty Research and Scholarship
Realizing van der Waals (vdW) epitaxy in the 1980s represents a breakthrough that circumvents the stringent lattice matching and processing compatibility requirements in conventional covalent heteroepitaxy. However, due to the weak vdW interactions, there is little control over film qualities by the substrate. Typically, discrete domains with a spread of misorientation angles are formed, limiting the applicability of vdW epitaxy. Here, the epitaxial growth of monocrystalline, covalent Cr5Te8 2D crystals on monolayer vdW WSe2 by chemical vapor deposition is reported, driven by interfacial dative bond formation. The lattice of Cr5Te8, with a lateral dimension of a few tens of micrometers, …
Impact Of The Electron Density And Temperature Gradient On Drift-Wave Turbulence In The Large Plasma Device, Conor Perks, Saskia Mordijck, Troy Carter, Bart Van Compernolle, Stephen Vincena, Giovanni Rossi, David A. Schaffner
Impact Of The Electron Density And Temperature Gradient On Drift-Wave Turbulence In The Large Plasma Device, Conor Perks, Saskia Mordijck, Troy Carter, Bart Van Compernolle, Stephen Vincena, Giovanni Rossi, David A. Schaffner
Physics Faculty Research and Scholarship
In this paper we present an experimental study of edge turbulence in the Large Plasma Device at UCLA. We utilize a scan of discharge power and prefill pressure (neutral density) to show experimentally that turbulent density fluctuations decrease with decreasing density gradient, as predicted for resistive drift-wave turbulence (RDWT). As expected for RDWT, we observe that the cross-phase between the density and potential fluctuations is close to 0. Moreover, the addition of an electron temperature gradient leads to a reduction in the amplitude of the density fluctuations, as expected for RDWT. However, counter to theoretical expectations, we find that the …
The Effect Of Polymer Stiffness On Magnetization Reversal Of Magnetorheological Elastomers, Andy T. Clark, David Marchfield, Zheng Cao, Tong Dang, Nan Tang, Dustin Gilbert, Elise A. Corbin, Kristen S. Buchanan, Xuemei Cheng
The Effect Of Polymer Stiffness On Magnetization Reversal Of Magnetorheological Elastomers, Andy T. Clark, David Marchfield, Zheng Cao, Tong Dang, Nan Tang, Dustin Gilbert, Elise A. Corbin, Kristen S. Buchanan, Xuemei Cheng
Physics Faculty Research and Scholarship
Ultrasoft magnetorheological elastomers (MREs) offer convenient real-time magnetic field control of mechanical properties that provides a means to mimic mechanical cues and regulators of cells in vitro. Here, we systematically investigate the effect of polymer stiffness on magnetization reversal of MREs using a combination of magnetometry measurements and computational modeling. Poly-dimethylsiloxane- based MREs with Young’s moduli that range over two orders of magnitude were synthesized using commercial polymers SylgardTM 527, Sylgard 184, and carbonyl iron powder. The magnetic hysteresis loops of the softer MREs exhibit a characteristic pinched loop shape with almost zero remanence and loop widening at intermediate fields …
Persistent Opto-Ferroelectric Responses In Molecular Ferroelectrics, Xuanyuan Jiang, Xiao Wang, Pratyush Buragohain, Andy T. Clark, Haidong Lu, Shashi Poddar, Le Yu, Anthony D. Dichiara, Alexei Gruverman, Xuemei Cheng, Xiaoshan Xu
Persistent Opto-Ferroelectric Responses In Molecular Ferroelectrics, Xuanyuan Jiang, Xiao Wang, Pratyush Buragohain, Andy T. Clark, Haidong Lu, Shashi Poddar, Le Yu, Anthony D. Dichiara, Alexei Gruverman, Xuemei Cheng, Xiaoshan Xu
Physics Faculty Research and Scholarship
Persistent photoresponses require optical excitations to metastable states, which are rare of ionic origin due to the indirect photon-ion interaction. In this work, we explore the photoinduced metastable proton states in the proton-transfer type molecular ferroelectric croconic acid. We observe that, after the photoexcitation, the changes of structural and ferroelectric properties relax in ∼10^3s, indicating persistent photoresponses of ionic origin. In contrast, the photoconductivity relaxes within 1 s. The 10^3s timescale suggests that the ionic metastable states result from proton transfer both along and out of the hydrogen bonds. This discovery unveils an ionic mechanism for the phototunability, which offers …
Topological Spin Memory Of Antiferromagnetically Coupled Skyrmion Pairs In Co/Gd/Pt Multilayers, Xiao Wang, Alexandra R. Stuart, Mitchell S. Swyt, Carla M. Quispe Flores, Andy T. Clark, Adzo Fiagbenu, Rajesh V. Chopdekar, Pavel N. Lapa, Zhuyun Xiao, Dava Keavney, Richard Rosenberg, Michael Vogel, John E. Pearson, Suzanne G. E. Te Velthius, Axel Hoffmann, Kristen S. Buchanan, Xuemei Cheng
Topological Spin Memory Of Antiferromagnetically Coupled Skyrmion Pairs In Co/Gd/Pt Multilayers, Xiao Wang, Alexandra R. Stuart, Mitchell S. Swyt, Carla M. Quispe Flores, Andy T. Clark, Adzo Fiagbenu, Rajesh V. Chopdekar, Pavel N. Lapa, Zhuyun Xiao, Dava Keavney, Richard Rosenberg, Michael Vogel, John E. Pearson, Suzanne G. E. Te Velthius, Axel Hoffmann, Kristen S. Buchanan, Xuemei Cheng
Physics Faculty Research and Scholarship
Antiferromagnetically (AFM) coupled skyrmions offer potential advantages for spintronic devices, including reduced dipolar fields that may enable smaller skyrmion sizes and a reduction of the skyrmion Hall effect. However, the topological stability of AFM-coupled skyrmions subjected to dramatic spin deformation through low-temperature cycling has not been investigated. Here we report the discovery of a topological spin memory effect for AFM-coupled skyrmion pairs in [Co/Gd/Pt]10 multilayered films. Photoemission electron microscopy imaging shows that bubble skyrmions in the multilayer that are stable at room temperature evolve into complex in-plane spin textures as the temperature is lowered and reform completely when the sample …
Measurement Of The Taylor Scale In A Magnetized Turbulent Laboratory Plasma Wind-Tunnel, Carlos A. Cartagena-Sanchez, Joshua M. Carlson, David A. Schaffner
Measurement Of The Taylor Scale In A Magnetized Turbulent Laboratory Plasma Wind-Tunnel, Carlos A. Cartagena-Sanchez, Joshua M. Carlson, David A. Schaffner
Physics Faculty Research and Scholarship
The fluid Taylor scale is measured in the Bryn Mawr Experiment (BMX) of the Bryn Mawr Plasma Laboratory and examined as a potential dissipation scale of magnetic turbulence within the plasma. We present the first laboratory measurements of the Taylor scale of a turbulent magnetized plasma through multi-point correlations of broadband magnetic fluctuations. From spatial and temporal correlations, respectively, the measured Taylor scales are 261 and 361 cm. These measurements are on the same order of magnitude as estimated ion dissipation scales within the BMX plasma with ion inertial scales between 1 and 10 cm and ion gyroscales between 0:1 …
Bending Waves Excited By Irregular Gas Inflow Along Warps, Tigran Khachaturyants, Leandro Beraldo E Silva, Victor P. Debattista, Kathryne J. Daniel
Bending Waves Excited By Irregular Gas Inflow Along Warps, Tigran Khachaturyants, Leandro Beraldo E Silva, Victor P. Debattista, Kathryne J. Daniel
Physics Faculty Research and Scholarship
Gaia has revealed clear evidence of bending waves in the vertical kinematics of stars in the solar neighbourhood. We study bending waves in two simulations, one warped, with the warp due to misaligned gas inflow, and the other unwarped. We find slow, retrograde bending waves in both models, with the ones in the warped model having larger amplitudes. We also find fast, prograde bending waves. Prograde bending waves in the unwarped model are very weak, in agreement with the expectation that these waves should decay on short, approximately crossing, time-scales, due to strong winding. However, prograde bending waves are much …
Reductions Of 2 -Dimensional Semistable Representations With Large L -Invariant, John Bergdall, Brandon Levin, Tong Liu
Reductions Of 2 -Dimensional Semistable Representations With Large L -Invariant, John Bergdall, Brandon Levin, Tong Liu
Mathematics Faculty Research and Scholarship
We determine reductions of 2 -dimensional, irreducible, semistable, and non-crystalline representations of Gal(ℚ𝑝/ℚ𝑝) with Hodge–Tate weights 0<𝑘−1 and with L -invariant whose p-adic norm is sufficiently large, depending on k. Our main result provides the first systematic examples of the reductions for 𝑘≥𝑝 .
Reductions Of Some Two-Dimensional Crystalline Representations Via Kisin Modules, John Bergdall, Brandon Levin
Reductions Of Some Two-Dimensional Crystalline Representations Via Kisin Modules, John Bergdall, Brandon Levin
Mathematics Faculty Research and Scholarship
We determine rational Kisin modules associated with 2-dimensional, irreducible, crystalline representations of Gal(Q¯p/Qp)" role="presentation" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: normal; vertical-align: baseline; display: inline; word-spacing: normal; word-wrap: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; position: relative;">Gal(ℚ⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯p/ℚp) of Hodge–Tate weights 0,k−1" role="presentation" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: normal; vertical-align: baseline; display: inline; word-spacing: normal; word-wrap: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; position: relative;" …
Catalytic Enantioselective Birch–Heck Sequence For The Synthesis Of Phenanthridinone Derivatives With An All-Carbon Quaternary Stereocenter, Mary Elizabeth Sexton, William Paul Malachowski, Glenn P. A. Yap, Diana Rachii, Greg Feldman, Andrew T. Krasley, Zhilin Chen, My Anh Tran, Kalyn Wiley, Alexandra Matei, Samantha Petersen, Sabrina Tran Tien
Catalytic Enantioselective Birch–Heck Sequence For The Synthesis Of Phenanthridinone Derivatives With An All-Carbon Quaternary Stereocenter, Mary Elizabeth Sexton, William Paul Malachowski, Glenn P. A. Yap, Diana Rachii, Greg Feldman, Andrew T. Krasley, Zhilin Chen, My Anh Tran, Kalyn Wiley, Alexandra Matei, Samantha Petersen, Sabrina Tran Tien
Chemistry Faculty Research and Scholarship
Novel phenanthridinone analogues with an all-carbon quaternary stereocenter have been enantioselectively synthesized using the Birch–Heck sequence. Flat phenanthridinone structures have extensive bioactivity but consequently also suffer from poor therapeutic selectivity. The addition of a quaternary center to the phenanthridinone skeleton has the potential to generate more complex analogues with improved selectivity. Unfortunately, no general synthetic pathway to such derivatives exists. Herein we report a four-step process that transforms inexpensive benzoic acid into 22 different quaternary carbon-containing phenanthridinone analogues with a variety of substituents on all three rings: alkyl groups at the quaternary center; methyl, methoxymethyl, or para-methoxybenzyl on the …
Protonation And Non-Innocent Ligand Behavior In Pyranopterin Dithiolene Molybdenum Complexes, Cassandra Gates, Haley Varnum, Catherine Getty, Natalie Loui, Ju Chen, Martin L. Kirk, Jing Yang, Sharon J. Nieter Burgmayer
Protonation And Non-Innocent Ligand Behavior In Pyranopterin Dithiolene Molybdenum Complexes, Cassandra Gates, Haley Varnum, Catherine Getty, Natalie Loui, Ju Chen, Martin L. Kirk, Jing Yang, Sharon J. Nieter Burgmayer
Chemistry Faculty Research and Scholarship
The complex [TEA][Tp*MoIV(O)(S2BMOPP)] (1) [TEA = tetraethylammonium, Tp* = tris(3,5-dimethylpyrazolyl)hydroborate, and BMOPP = 6-(3-butynyl-2-methyl-2-ol)-2-pivaloyl pterin] is a structural analogue of the molybdenum cofactor common to all pyranopterin molybdenum enzymes because it possesses a pyranopterin-ene-1,2-dithiolate ligand (S2BMOPP) that exists primarily in the ring-closed pyrano structure as a resonance hybrid of ene-dithiolate and thione-thiolate forms. Compound 1, the protonated [Tp*MoIV(O)(S2BMOPP-H)] (1-H) and one-electron-oxidized [Tp*MoV(O)(S2BMOPP)] [1-Mo(5+)] species have been studied using a combination of electrochemistry, electronic absorption, and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Additional insight into the nature of these molecules has been derived from electronic structure computations. Differences in dithiolene C–S bond …
Synthesis Of Highly Reactive Sulfone Iminium Fluorides And Their Use In Deoxyfluorination And Sulfur Fluoride Exchange Chemistry, James A. Vogel, Rania Hammami, Ara Ko, Hiya Datta, Yael N. Eiben, Karley J. Labenne, Ellis C. Mccarver, Ebrar Z. Yilmaz, Patrick R. Melvin
Synthesis Of Highly Reactive Sulfone Iminium Fluorides And Their Use In Deoxyfluorination And Sulfur Fluoride Exchange Chemistry, James A. Vogel, Rania Hammami, Ara Ko, Hiya Datta, Yael N. Eiben, Karley J. Labenne, Ellis C. Mccarver, Ebrar Z. Yilmaz, Patrick R. Melvin
Chemistry Faculty Research and Scholarship
We report the synthesis of sulfone iminium fluorides (SIFs), a reactive class of sulfur(VI) molecules. The synthesis is tolerant of a variety of substituents on the sulfur and nitrogen components. The SIF reagents were applied to the deoxyfluorination of alcohols and carboxylic acids, providing high yields of fluorinated products in 60 s at room temperature. The SIF reagents were then utilized in sulfur fluoride exchange (SuFEx), creating the first ionic SuFEx products to date.
Magnetic Field Tuning Of Mechanical Properties Of Ultrasoft Pdms-Based Magnetorheological Elastomers For Biological Applications, Andy T. Clark, Alexander Bennett, Emile Kraus, Katarzyna Pogoda, Andrejs Cēbers, Paul Janmey, Kevin T. Turner, Elise A. Corbin, Xuemei Cheng
Magnetic Field Tuning Of Mechanical Properties Of Ultrasoft Pdms-Based Magnetorheological Elastomers For Biological Applications, Andy T. Clark, Alexander Bennett, Emile Kraus, Katarzyna Pogoda, Andrejs Cēbers, Paul Janmey, Kevin T. Turner, Elise A. Corbin, Xuemei Cheng
Physics Faculty Research and Scholarship
We report tuning of the moduli and surface roughness of magnetorheological elastomers (MREs) by varying applied magnetic field. Ultrasoft MREs are fabricated using a physiologically relevant commercial polymer, SylgardTM 527, and carbonyl iron powder (CIP). We found that the shear storage modulus, Young's modulus, and root-mean-square surface roughness are increased by ∼41×, ∼11×, and ∼11×, respectively, when subjected to a magnetic field strength of 95.5 kA m−1. Single fit parameter equations are presented that capture the tunability of the moduli and surface roughness as a function of CIP volume fraction and …
Probing Exchange Bias At The Surface Of A Doped Ferrimagnetic Insulator, Yang Wang, Xiao Wang, Andy T. Clark, Hang Chen, Xuemei Cheng, John W. Freeland, John Q. Xiao
Probing Exchange Bias At The Surface Of A Doped Ferrimagnetic Insulator, Yang Wang, Xiao Wang, Andy T. Clark, Hang Chen, Xuemei Cheng, John W. Freeland, John Q. Xiao
Physics Faculty Research and Scholarship
With the realization of stress-induced perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, efficient spin-orbit torque switching, and room temperature topological Hall effect, interest in rare earth iron garnets has been revived in recent years for their potential in spintronic applications. In this study, we investigate the magnetic properties of micrometer-thick Bi and Ga substituted thulium iron garnets (BiGa:TmIG) grown by the liquid-phase epitaxy method. Above the magnetization compensation (MC) temperature, anomalous triple hysteresis is observed in BiGa:TmIG/Pt heterostructures by anomalous Hall effect measurements. X-ray magnetic circular dichroism and energy dispersive spectroscopy measurements reveal its origin as an internal exchange bias (EB) effect arising from …
Yyy Dynamic Tuning Of Viscoelastic Hydrogels With Carbonyl Iron Microparticles Reveals The Rapid Response Of Cells To Three-Dimensional Substrate Mechanics, Kiet A. Tran, Emile Kraus, Andy T. Clark, Alex Bennet, Katarzyna Pogoda, Xuemei Cheng, Andrejs Cēbers, Paul A. Janmey, Peter A. Galie
Yyy Dynamic Tuning Of Viscoelastic Hydrogels With Carbonyl Iron Microparticles Reveals The Rapid Response Of Cells To Three-Dimensional Substrate Mechanics, Kiet A. Tran, Emile Kraus, Andy T. Clark, Alex Bennet, Katarzyna Pogoda, Xuemei Cheng, Andrejs Cēbers, Paul A. Janmey, Peter A. Galie
Physics Faculty Research and Scholarship
Current methods to dynamically tune three-dimensional hydrogel mechanics require specific chemistries and substrates that make modest, slow, and often irreversible changes in their mechanical properties, exclude the use of protein-based scaffolds, or alter the hydrogel microstructure and pore size. Here, we rapidly and reversibly alter the mechanical properties of hydrogels consisting of extracellular matrix proteins and proteoglycans by adding carbonyl iron microparticles (MPs) and applying external magnetic fields. This approach drastically alters hydrogel mechanics: rheology reveals that application of a 4000 Oe magnetic field to a 5 mg/mL collagen hydrogel containing 10 wt % MPs increases the storage modulus from …
Ambient Prime Geodesic Theorems On Hyperbolic 3-Manifolds, Lindsey A. Dever, Djordje Milićević
Ambient Prime Geodesic Theorems On Hyperbolic 3-Manifolds, Lindsey A. Dever, Djordje Milićević
Mathematics Faculty Research and Scholarship
We prove prime geodesic theorems counting primitive closed geodesics on a compact hyperbolic 3-manifold with length and holonomy in prescribed intervals, which are allowed to shrink. Our results imply effective equidistribution of holonomy and have both the rate of shrinking and the strength of the error term fully symmetric in length and holonomy.
A Van Der Corput Type Lemma For Oscillatory Integrals With Holder Amplitudes And Its Applications, Hussain Al-Qassem, Leslie C. Cheng, Yibiao Pan
A Van Der Corput Type Lemma For Oscillatory Integrals With Holder Amplitudes And Its Applications, Hussain Al-Qassem, Leslie C. Cheng, Yibiao Pan
Mathematics Faculty Research and Scholarship
We prove a decay estimate for oscillatory integrals with \linebreak H\"older amplitudes and polynomial phases. The estimate allows us to answer certain questions concerning the uniform boundedness of oscillatory singular integrals on various spaces.
Evaluating Grasping Visualizations And Control Modes In A Vr Game, Alex Adkins, Lorraine Lin, Aline Normoyle, Ryan Canales, Yuting Ye, Sophie Jörg
Evaluating Grasping Visualizations And Control Modes In A Vr Game, Alex Adkins, Lorraine Lin, Aline Normoyle, Ryan Canales, Yuting Ye, Sophie Jörg
Computer Science Faculty Research and Scholarship
A primary goal of the Virtual Reality(VR) community is to build fully immersive and presence-inducing environments with seamless and natural interactions. To reach this goal, researchers are investigating how to best directly use our hands to interact with a virtual environment using hand tracking. Most studies in this field require participants to perform repetitive tasks. In this article, we investigate if results of such studies translate into a real application and game-like experience. We designed a virtual escape room in which participants interact with various objects to gather clues and complete puzzles. In a between-subjects study, we examine the effects …
An Authoring Tool To Provide Group And Crowd Animation Using Natural Language Scripts, Guido Mainardi, Aline Normoyle, Vinícius Cassol, Norman Badler, Soraia Raupp Musse
An Authoring Tool To Provide Group And Crowd Animation Using Natural Language Scripts, Guido Mainardi, Aline Normoyle, Vinícius Cassol, Norman Badler, Soraia Raupp Musse
Computer Science Faculty Research and Scholarship
Virtual environments have become ubiquitous, expanding beyond games into the domains of architecture, engineering, psychology, education, and archaeology. Furthermore, virtual humans can further enhance these environments when they provide compelling and coherent behaviors. In this paper, we present a scripting language based on simple, plain English commands. Our system assists people without game and animation expertise to populate large environments and complex scenarios. To validate our approach, we develop a prototype using Unreal Engine 4 and author a variety of indoor and outdoor agent simulations. Furthermore, we test our prototype with both experienced and inexperienced users, creating scenarios for a …
Vegetation Effects On Coastal Foredune Initiation: Wind Tunnel Experiments And Field Validation For Three Dune-Building Plants, Bianca Reo Charbonneau, Stephanie M. Dohner, John P. Wnek, Don Barber, Phoebe Zarnetske, Brenda B. Casper
Vegetation Effects On Coastal Foredune Initiation: Wind Tunnel Experiments And Field Validation For Three Dune-Building Plants, Bianca Reo Charbonneau, Stephanie M. Dohner, John P. Wnek, Don Barber, Phoebe Zarnetske, Brenda B. Casper
Geology Faculty Research and Scholarship
As the land-sea interface, foredunes buffer upland habitats with plants acting as ecosystem engineers shaping topography, and thereby affecting storm response and recovery. However, many ecogeomorphic feedbacks in coastal foredune formation and recovery remain uncertain in this dynamic environment. We carried out a series of wind tunnel experiments testing how the morphology, density, and configuration of three foredune pioneer dune building plant species influence the most basic stage of dune initiation — nebkha formation around individual plants. We established monocultures of native Ammophila breviligulata and Panicum amarum and invasive Carex kobomugi in 1 m × 1 m planter boxes of …
Magneto-Driven Gradients Of Diamagnetic Objects For Engineering Complex Tissues, Hannah M. Zlotnick, Andy T. Clark, Sarah E. Gullbrand, James L. Carey, Xuemei Cheng, Robert L. Mauck
Magneto-Driven Gradients Of Diamagnetic Objects For Engineering Complex Tissues, Hannah M. Zlotnick, Andy T. Clark, Sarah E. Gullbrand, James L. Carey, Xuemei Cheng, Robert L. Mauck
Physics Faculty Research and Scholarship
Engineering complex tissues represents an extraordinary challenge and, to date, there have been few strategies developed that can easily recapitulate native‐like cell and biofactor gradients in 3D materials. This is true despite the fact that mimicry of these gradients may be essential for the functionality of engineered graft tissues. Here, a non‐traditional magnetics‐based approach is developed to predictably position naturally diamagnetic objects in 3D hydrogels. Rather than magnetizing the objects within the hydrogel, the magnetic susceptibility of the surrounding hydrogel precursor solution is enhanced. In this way, a range of diamagnetic objects (e.g., polystyrene beads, drug delivery microcapsules, and living …
The Relative Gromov Width Of Lagrangian Cobordisms Between Legendrians, Sabloff M. Joshua, Lisa Traynor
The Relative Gromov Width Of Lagrangian Cobordisms Between Legendrians, Sabloff M. Joshua, Lisa Traynor
Mathematics Faculty Research and Scholarship
We obtain upper and lower bounds for the relative Gromov width of Lagrangian cobordisms between Legendrian submanifolds. Upper bounds arise from the existence of J-holomorphic disks with boundary on the Lagrangian cobordism that pass through the center of a given symplectically embedded ball. The areas of these disks - and hence the sizes of these balls - are controlled by a real-valued fundamental capacity, a quantity derived from the algebraic structure of filtered linearized Legendrian Contact Homology of the Legendrian at the top of the cobordism. Lower bounds come from explicit constructions that use neighborhoods of Reeb chords in the …
A Survey On Recognizing Textual Entailment As An Nlp Evaluation, Adam Poliak
A Survey On Recognizing Textual Entailment As An Nlp Evaluation, Adam Poliak
Computer Science Faculty Research and Scholarship
Recognizing Textual Entailment (RTE) was proposed as a unified evaluation framework to compare semantic understanding of different NLP systems. In this survey paper, we provide an overview of different approaches for evaluating and understanding the reasoning capabilities of NLP systems. We then focus our discussion on RTE by highlighting prominent RTE datasets as well as advances in RTE dataset that focus on specific linguistic phenomena that can be used to evaluate NLP systems on a fine-grained level. We conclude by arguing that when evaluating NLP systems, the community should utilize newly introduced RTE datasets that focus on specific linguistic phenomena.
The Enigmatic Curvature Of Central Iberia And Its Puzzling Kinematics, Daniel Pastor-Galan, Gabriel Gutierrez-Alonso, Arlo Brandon Weil
The Enigmatic Curvature Of Central Iberia And Its Puzzling Kinematics, Daniel Pastor-Galan, Gabriel Gutierrez-Alonso, Arlo Brandon Weil
Geology Faculty Research and Scholarship
The collision between Gondwana and Laurussia that formed the latest supercontinent, Pangea, occurred during Devonian to early Permian times and resulted in a largescale orogeny that today transects Europe, northwest Africa, and eastern North America. This orogen is characterized by an "S" shaped corrugated geometry in Iberia. The northern curve of the corrugation is the well-known and studied Cantabrian (or Ibero-Armorican) Orocline and is convex to the east and towards the hinterland. Largely ignored for decades, the geometry and kinematics of the southern curvature, known as the Central Iberian curve, are still ambiguous and hotly debated. Despite the paucity of …
Incorporating Temporal And Spatial Variability Of Salt-Marsh Foraminifera Into Sea-Level Reconstructions, Jennifer S. Walker, Niamh Cahill, Nicole S. Khan, Timothy A. Shaw, Don C. Barber, Kenneth G. Miller, Robert E. Kopp, Benjamin P. Horton
Incorporating Temporal And Spatial Variability Of Salt-Marsh Foraminifera Into Sea-Level Reconstructions, Jennifer S. Walker, Niamh Cahill, Nicole S. Khan, Timothy A. Shaw, Don C. Barber, Kenneth G. Miller, Robert E. Kopp, Benjamin P. Horton
Geology Faculty Research and Scholarship
Foraminifera from salt-marsh environments have been used extensively in quantitative relative sea-level reconstructions due to their strong relationship with tidal level. However, the influence of temporal and spatial variability of salt-marsh foraminifera on quantitative reconstructions remains unconstrained. Here, we conducted a monitoring study of foraminifera from four intertidal monitoring stations in New Jersey from high marsh environments over three years that included several extreme weather (temperature, precipitation, and storm surge) events. We sampled four replicates from each station seasonally (four times per year) for a total of 188 samples. The dead foraminiferal assemblages were separated into four site-specific assemblages. After …